nginx整合tomcat

34tg 发表于 2015-8-17 09:23:19

   环境：nginx ubuntu ip:10.12.18.112
      tomcat1 ubutu ip:10.12.18.105
      tomcat2 centos ip:10.12.18.127
      client win7 ip:10.12.18.116

安装包：nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
Nginx 下载：http://nginx.org/en/download.html

解压
sudo tar –zxf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz –C /usr/src

创建用户和组
sudo groupadd –g 112 –r nginx
sudo useradd –u 112 –r –g 112 nginx
id nginx
uid=112(nginx) gid=112(nginx)groups=112(nginx)

安装nginx编译时所需包
sudoapt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
sudoapt-get install openssl libssl-dev

编译nginx
sudo ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx\
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx\
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf\
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log\
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log\
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid\
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock\
--user=nginx\
--group=nginx\
--with-http_ssl_module\
--with-http_flv_module\
--with-http_stub_status_module\
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client\--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy\--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi\
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--with-pcre
编译成功

sudo make && make install

启动nginx
sudocp /usr/sbin/nginx/etc/init.d/
sudoservicenginx
查看端口

sudo netstat –nulpt

访问测试

安装包：jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gzapache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz
Jdk 下载：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
tomcat 下载：
http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi

安装jdk
sudo tar -zxf jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz -C/usr/src
sudo mv jdk1.8.0_51 /usr/local/jdk
/usr/local/jdk/bin/java –version
java version "1.8.0_51"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build1.8.0_51-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build25.51-b03, mixed mode)

配置环境变量
sudo vim /etc/profile
JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"
PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"
CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME
不知道为何，sudo source /etc/profile之后文件并没有生效，执行java -version显示以下信息：

The program 'java' can be found in thefollowing packages:
* default-jre
*gcj-4.8-jre-headless
*openjdk-7-jre-headless
*gcj-4.6-jre-headless
*openjdk-6-jre-headless
Try: sudo apt-get install <selectedpackage>
我重启系统之后/etc/profile文件才生效

我用的虚拟机装的Ubuntu，系统没有预装openjdk

验证jdk成功
java -version
java version "1.8.0_51"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build1.8.0_51-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build25.51-b03, mixed mode)

安装tomcat
sudo tar -zxf apache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz-C /usr/src/
sudo mv apache-tomcat-8.0.24/usr/local/tomcat

启动tomcat
sudo /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
错误：我用sudo startup.sh报以下错误，在网上查了很久，也没找到问题所在。。。。
Neitherthe JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined
At least one of these environment variableis needed to run this program

错误：后来用普通用户执行startup.sh,只是说没有权限touch文件而已
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:    /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:    /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
touch: cannot touch'/usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out': Permission denied
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh: 401:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh: cannot create/usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out: Permission denied

解决：切换到root用户，tomcat启动成功
su – root
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:    /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:    /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

允许访问8080端口
sudo ufw allow 8080
sudo ufw status
Status: active

To                      Action    From
--                      ------    ----
22                      ALLOW    Anywhere
8080                   ALLOW    Anywhere
22 (v6)                ALLOW    Anywhere (v6)
8080 (v6)                ALLOW    Anywhere (v6)
访问测试http://10.12.18.105:8080/:8080,看到页面即jdk和tomcat安装成功

创建网站存放目录
sudo mkdir /var/www/web/ROOT
更改server.xml文件，在Host name=”localhost”处将appBase=的指向路径改为
/var/www/web
sudo vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

重启tomcat：/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

创建index.jsp
sudo vim /var/www/web/ROOT/index.jsp

访问测试

Nginx整合tomcat
配置proxy.conf代理参数，让后端tomcat获取访问者的真实IP地址
sudo touch /etc/nginx/proxy.conf
sudo vim proxy.conf
#proxy.conf
proxy_redirect       off;
#后端web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded获取访问者的真实IP
proxy_set_header    Host $host;
proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

配置nginx.conf

sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
#启动进程，设置成和CPU的数量相等
worker_processes1;

#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.loginfo;
pid    /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
#epoll 是多路复用IO中的一种方式，仅限于Linux2.6以上内核，可以提高nginx性能
use epoll;
#单个后台workerprocess进程的最大并发连接数
worker_connections1024;
}

#设定http服务器，利用反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http {
include    mime.types;
default_typeapplication/octet-stream;#读取proxy.conf文件 include /etc/nginx/proxy.conf;

#设定日志格式
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;

#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size    128;
client_header_buffer_size       32K;
large_client_header_buffers    4 32k;
client_max_body_size             8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopushon;

#连接超时时间
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay       on;

server {
   listen    80;
   #定义用nginx.server.com来访问
   server_namenginx.server.com;

   #定义首页索引文件的名称
   index index.html index.jsp;

   #静态文件nginx自己处理
   location ~ .*\.(flash|javascript|css|static|images|media)$
   {
         #过期30天
         expires 30d;
   }

   #jsp页面全部转发到tomcat处理
   location ~.*.jsp$ {
         #网站存放目录位置
         root /var/www/web/ROOT;
         #转向tomcat处理
         proxy_pass http://10.12.18.105:8080;
   }

   #查看nginx状态
   location/NginxStatus{
      stub_status       on;
      access_log       on;
   }

   #定义错误页面提示
   error_page 500 502 503 504/50x.html;
   location = /50x.html {
      root html;
   }

}

}

检查配置文件是否正确
sudoservice nginx-t
nginx: the configuration file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
重新加载nginx
sudo service nginx -s reload
访问测试

这里可以在tomcat1上看到IP地址10.12.18.112(nginx)来访问，并没有显示客户端的真实的
Ip,需要更改tomcat的server.xml文件

sudo vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
将%h修改为%{X-Real-IP}i，下图已经修改好

查看日志，已经是客户端的真实IP地址了

安装tomcat2，和tomcat1步骤一样
Centos已经预装的jdk, 系统默认使用的是以下这个，而不是我们装的oracle的jdk
java -version
java version "1.7.0_09-icedtea"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment(rhel-2.3.4.1.el6_3-x86_64)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.2-b09,mixed mode)

安装jdk
sudo tar -zxf jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz -C/usr/src
sudo mv jdk1.8.0_51 /usr/local/jdk

配置环境变量,记得重启系统或者source /etc/profile生效
vim /etc/profile
JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"
PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"
CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME

通知系统使用安装的jdk
update-alternatives--install/usr/bin/javajava /usr/local/jdk/bin/java 300
update-alternatives--install/usr/bin/javacjavac /usr/local/jdk/bin/javac 300
update-alternatives --config java
There are 4 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1       /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java
2       /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java
3       /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java
4       /usr/local/jdk/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], ortype selection number: 4

update-alternatives --config javac
There are 3 programs which provide 'javac'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
1       /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/javac
* 2       /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/javac
3       /usr/local/jdk/bin/javac
Enter to keep the current selection[+], ortype selection number: 3

测试验证
java -version
java version "1.8.0_51"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build1.8.0_51-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build25.51-b03, mixed mode)

安装tomcat
tar -zxf apache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz -C/usr/src/
mv apache-tomcat-8.0.24 /usr/local/tomcat
创建网页存放目录
mkdir -p /var/www/web/ROOT
vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

启动tomcat2
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:    /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH:    /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

创建访问页面
vim/var/www/web/ROOT/index.jsp

访问测试

修改nginx.conf 做负载均衡
root@nginx:/var/log/nginx# cat/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user nobody;

#启动进程，设置成和CPU的数量相等
worker_processes1;

#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.logdebug;
pid    /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
#epoll 是多路复用IO中的一种方式，仅限于Linux2.6以上内核，可以提高nginx性能
use epoll;
#单个后台workerprocess进程的最大并发连接数
worker_connections1024;
}

#设定http服务器，利用反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http {
include    mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /etc/nginx/proxy.conf;

#设定日志格式
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;

#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size    128;
client_header_buffer_size       32K;
large_client_header_buffers    4 32k;
client_max_body_size             8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopushon;

#连接超时时间
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay       on;

#设定负载均衡的服务器列表
upstream tomcat {
   #weight参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大
   server 10.12.18.127:8080 weight=2;
   server 10.12.18.105:8080 weight=1;
   }

server {
   listen    80;
   #定义用nginx.server.com来访问
   server_namenginx.server.com;

   #定义首页索引文件的名称
   index index.html index.jsp;

   #静态文件nginx自己处理
   location ~ .*\.(flash|javascript|css|static|images|media)$
   {
         #过期30天
         expires 30d;
   }

   #jsp页面全部转发到tomcat处理
   location ~.*.jsp$ {
         root /var/www/web/ROOT;
         #转向tomcat处理
         proxy_passhttp://tomcat;
   }

   #查看nginx状态
   location/NginxStatus{
      stub_status       on;
      access_log       on;
   }

   #定义错误页面提示
   error_page 500 502 503 504/50x.html;
   location = /50x.html {
      root html;
   }

   location = /favicon.iso {
      log_not_found off;
   }

}

}
增加客户端hosts记录来解析nginx.server.com
路径C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

最终测试OK

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nginx整合tomcat