lamp环境的搭建和安装
最近，部门有些系统需要迁移到新的机器上，因此需要在新的机器上安装lamp和lnmp的环境，因此在这里总结一下：
一. 安装lamp环境的步骤：
(1).因为是新的机器，因此需要安装gcc的各种环境：
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-d evel
(2).安装MySQL：
1).编译安装MySQL:
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 操作 | 作用 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|shell> cd /usr/local/src | 进入软件包所在目录(不要照抄) |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> groupadd mysql | 增加mysql组(如果有就不用加了) |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> useradd mysql -g mysql | 增加mysql用户,并属于mysql组 |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> tar -xzvf mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz | 解压mysql源码包 |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> cd mysql-5.1.30 | 进入源码包 |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \ | 配置mysql编译选项, |
| --with-charset=utf8 \ | 指定安装路径及支持的字符集 |
| --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,binary\
| |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> make |编译 |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> make install |安装 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2).配置并初始化MySQL
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 操作 | 作用 |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf | 把MySQL配置文件复制到/etc下 |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> vi /etc/my.cnf 在'skip_federated'前加'#'号 | 注释掉这个错误的启动项,这是一个比较新式的存储引擎|
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> cd /usr/local/mysql | 进入mysql的安装目录 |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> chown -R mysql.mysql . | 修改属主属组为mysql,才能完成 |
| | 下一步的初始化数据库工作 |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \ | 初始化数据数据库 |
| --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var | |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> chown -R root . | 把var目录修改为mysql用户所有 |
|shell> chown -R mysql var | 其他文件修改为root所有,保证安全|
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & | 启动mysql |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3).测试数据库
+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
| 操作 | 作用 |
+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
|shell> bin/mysql -uroot | 以root用户连mysql,无密码 |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|mysql> show databases; | 显示数据库 |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| +--------------------+ | |
| | Database | | |
| +--------------------+ | 看到左面的信息,数据库就安装 |
| | information_schema | | 并启动成功了! |
| | mysql | | |
| | test | | |
| +--------------------+ | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4).接上步,修改mysql密码(可不做此步,默认无密码)
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 操作 | 作用 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|mysql>UPDATE user SET | |
| password=PASSWORD('new_password') | 修改root用户的密码 |
| WHERE user='root'; | |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|mysql>flush privileges; | 清空权限缓存 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
二.安装 apache2
1) 安装zlib压缩库
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
shell> cd zlib-1.2.3
shell>./configure //这个配置编译命令不要加目录参数
shell> make && make install
2)安装apache：
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz
shell> cd httpd-2.2.4
shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/http2\
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-rewrite \
--enable-ssl \ #支持https的访问
--enable-so
shell> make && make install
#启动Apache
/usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl start
#测试apache
浏览器打开: http://虚拟机IP
如果没有成功的话，可能是防火墙的问题 这时需要我们去设置防火墙 打开80端口
看到 "it works!",即为成功
三.安装图形库，为编译php做准备：
1）libxml2
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zxvf libxml2-2.6.19.tar.gz
shell> cd libxml2-2.6.19
shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
shell> make && make install
2）jpeg6
#安装出现错误 提示无关键目录无法继续
#手动建立如下目录 ,注意 man1是数字1,不是字母L
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/bin
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/lib
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/include
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man1
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
shell> cd jpeg-6b
shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --enable-shared --enable-static
shell> make && make install
3）libpng
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zvxf libpng-1.2.12.tar.gz
shell> cd libpng-1.2.12
shell>./configure#和zlib一样不要带参数，让它默认安装到相应目录
shell> make && make install
4）freetype
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zvxf freetype-2.3.4.tar.gz
shell> cd freetype-2.3.4
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/freetype
shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype
shell> make && make install
5）GD库
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zvxf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/gd
shell> cd gd-2.0.35
shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd\
--with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6/ \
--with-png --with-zlib \
--with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype
shell> make && make instal
4）.安装php：
shell> cd /usr/local/src
shell> tar -zxvf php-5.3.16.tar.gz
shell> cd php-5.3.16 （必须使用php 5.3 不然的话 就会出现 配置选项不正确）
shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/http2/bin/apxs \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
--with-gd=/usr/local/gd \
--with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 \
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6 \
--with-png-dir \
--enable-mbstring=all \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-shared
shell> make && make install
shell> cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
五. 配置apache，使其支持PHP
vi /usr/local/http2/conf/httpd.conf
1):在httpd.conf(Apache主配置文件)中增加：
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
2):找到下面这段话:
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
在index.html 前面添加index.php
3):建立php测试网页
vi /usr/local/http2/htdocs/index.php
输入如下内容:
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
4): 重启apache
shell> /usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl restart
5):再次浏览器查看http://虚拟机IP
如果看到php信息,工作就完成了!
六 配置虚拟主机：
1）配置host文件
打开C:/windows/system32/drivers/etc/hosts 文件
增加域名记录
如：
192.168.1.246 www.ec1.com
192.168.1.246 www.ec2.com
2) 增加虚拟主机
vi /usr/local/http2/conf/httpd.conf
取消#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
这一行前面的#号
保存退出
vi /usr/local/http2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
增加虚拟主机记录
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/http2/htdocs/ec1"
ServerName www.ec1.com
ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com
ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.example.com
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/http2/htdocs/ec2"
ServerName www.ec2.com
ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
3)
shell> cd /usr/local/http2/htdocs
shell> mkdir ec1 ec2
shell> echo this is ec1.com > ec1/index.html
shell> echo this is ec2.com > ec2/index.html
4）重启apache
/usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl restart
5)浏览器打开www.ec1.com,和www.ec2.com
看到不同的网站内容，虚拟主机创建完毕！
以上就是整个配置流程，当然这个是源码编译的，你也可以使用yum进行安装！
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