nginx+php-fpm+mysql分离部署详解
相信大家将这三者部署到同一台主机应该已经不陌生了,今天在这里,给大家演示一下如何将三者部署到三台主机上。实验系统:CentOS 6.6_x86_64
实验前提:大部分软件使用编译安装,请提前准备好编译环境,防火墙和selinux都关闭
实验软件:nginx-1.9.3 mariadb-10.0.20 php-5.6.11 memcache-2.2.7 xcache-3.2.0
实验拓扑:
一、安装nginx
1.解决依赖关系:
需要专门安装pcre-devel包:
1 yum -y install pcre-devel
2.添加nginx用户:
1 useradd -r nginx
3.解压并编译安装nginx:
1 tar xf nginx-1.9.3.tar.gz
2 cd nginx-1.9.3
3 ./configure \
4 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ //安装位置
5 --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \ //程序文件
6 --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ //配置文件安装位置
7 --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ //错误日志安装位置
8 --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ //访问日志安装位置
9 --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid\ //pid文件位置
10 --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ //锁文件位置
11 --user=nginx \ //运行进程时使用的用户身份
12 --group=nginx \ //运行进程时使用的用户组
13 --with-http_ssl_module \ //支持ssl模块
14 --with-http_flv_module \ //支持flv模块
15 --with-http_stub_status_module \ //支持stub_status模块
16 --with-http_gzip_static_module \ //支持gzip_static模块
17 --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ //存储HTTP客户端请求body体的临时文件位置
18 --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ //存储HTTP代理的临时文件位置
19 --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ //存储fasycgi临时文件位置
20 --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ //存储uwsgi临时文件位置
21 --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ //存储scgi临时文件位置
22 --with-pcre //支持pcre库
23 make && make install
4.提供脚本文件:
1 vim /etc/init.d/nginx
2 --------------------------------
3 #!/bin/sh
4 #
5 # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
6 #
7 # chkconfig: - 85 15
8 # description:Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
9 # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
10 # processname: nginx
11 # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
12 # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
13 # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
14
15 # Source function library.
16 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
17
18 # Source networking configuration.
19 . /etc/sysconfig/network
20
21 # Check that networking is up.
22 [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
23
24 nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
25 prog=$(basename $nginx)
26
27 NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
28
29 [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
30
31 lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
32
33 make_dirs() {
34 # make required directories
35 user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
36 options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
37 for opt in $options; do
38 if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
39 value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
40 if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
41 # echo "creating" $value
42 mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
43 fi
44 fi
45 done
46 }
47
48 start() {
49 [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
50 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
51 make_dirs
52 echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
53 daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
54 retval=$?
55 echo
56 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
57 return $retval
58 }
59
60 stop() {
61 echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
62 killproc $prog -QUIT
63 retval=$?
64 echo
65 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
66 return $retval
67 }
68
69 restart() {
70 configtest || return $?
71 stop
72 sleep 1
73 start
74 }
75
76 reload() {
77 configtest || return $?
78 echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
79 killproc $nginx -HUP
80 RETVAL=$?
81 echo
82 }
83
84 force_reload() {
85 restart
86 }
87
88 configtest() {
89 $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
90 }
91
92 rh_status() {
93 status $prog
94 }
95
96 rh_status_q() {
97 rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
98 }
99
100 case "$1" in
101 start)
102 rh_status_q && exit 0
103 $1
104 ;;
105 stop)
106 rh_status_q || exit 0
107 $1
108 ;;
109 restart|configtest)
110 $1
111 ;;
112 reload)
113 rh_status_q || exit 7
114 $1
115 ;;
116 force-reload)
117 force_reload
118 ;;
119 status)
120 rh_status
121 ;;
122 condrestart|try-restart)
123 rh_status_q || exit 0
124 ;;
125 *)
126 echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
127 exit 2
128 esac
129 --------------------------------
130 chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
131 chkconfig --add nginx
132 chkconfig nginx on
133 service nginx start
5.测试访问页面,nginx安装完毕:
二、安装mysql
1.添加mysql用户和创建数据目录:
1 useradd -r mysql
2 mkdir -pv /mydata/data
3 chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data
2.解压并初始化mysql:
1 tar xf mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
2 cd /usr/local/
3 ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysql
4 cd mysql/
5 chown -R root:mysql .
6 scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/
3.提供配置文件:
1 cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
2 vim /etc/my.cnf
3 修改此文件中thread_concurrency的值为你的CPU个数乘以2,比如:thread_concurrency = 2
4 另外还需要添加如下行指定mysql数据文件的存放位置:datadir = /mydata/data
4.提供脚本文件:
1 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
2 chkconfig --add mysqld
3 chkconfig mysqld on
4 service mysqld start
使用mysql目录的下的bin/mysql去连接mysql,出现如下画面表示连接成功:
5.输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径:
编辑/etc/man.config,添加如下行即可:MANPATH/usr/local/mysql/man
6.输出mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include:
这可以通过简单的创建链接实现:
1 ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/usr/include/mysql
7.输出mysql的库文件给系统库查找路径:
1 echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
2 ldconfig
三、安装PHP
1.解决依赖关系:
1 yum -y install libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt-devel
2.编译安装php:
1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \ //安装位置
2--with-mysql \ //支持mysql
3--with-pdo-mysql \ //支持pdo模块
4--with-mysqli \ //支持mysqli模块
5--with-openssl \ //支持openssl模块
6--enable-fpm \ //支持fpm模式
7--enable-sockets \ //启用socket支持
8--enable-sysvshm \ //启用系统共享内存支持
9--enable-mbstring \ //使多字节字符串的支持
10--with-freetype-dir \ //设置FreeType安装前缀路径
11--with-jpeg-dir \ //设置libjpeg安装前缀路径
12--with-png-dir \ //设置libpng安装前缀路径
13--with-zlib-dir \ //设置libz安装前缀路径
14--with-libxml-dir=/usr \ //设置libxml2安装路径
15--enable-xml \
16--with-mhash \ //支持mhash
17--with-mcrypt \ //支持mcrypt
18--with-config-file-path=/etc \ //配置文件路径
19--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \ //配置文件扫描路径
20--with-bz2 \ //支持BZip2
21--with-curl //支持curl
22 make && make install
3.提供配置文件:
1 cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
4.为php-fpm提供脚本:
1 cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
2 chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
3 chkconfig --add php-fpm
4 chkconfig php-fpm on
5.提供php-fpm配置文件并编辑:
1 cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
2 ------------------------------------------------------
3 pm.max_children = 150
4 pm.start_servers = 8
5 pm.min_spare_servers = 5
6 pm.max_spare_servers = 10
7 pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
6.启动php-fpm服务:
1 service php-fpm start
四、整合nginx与PHP
1.nginx服务器建立网页文件存放目录/www,并修改其权限:
1 mkdir /www
2 chown -R nginx:nginx /www
2.修改nginx配置文件:
1 vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
2 --------------------------------------
3 location / {
4 root /www;
5 indexindex.php index.html index.htm;
6 }
7
8 location ~ \.php$ {
9 root /www;
10 fastcgi_pass 192.168.19.92:9000;
11 fastcgi_indexindex.php;
12 fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
13 include fastcgi_params;
14 }
3.修改fastcgi_params文件为:
1 fastcgi_paramGATEWAY_INTERFACECGI/1.1;
2 fastcgi_paramSERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
3 fastcgi_paramQUERY_STRING $query_string;
4 fastcgi_paramREQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
5 fastcgi_paramCONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
6 fastcgi_paramCONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
7 fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
8 fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
9 fastcgi_paramREQUEST_URI $request_uri;
10 fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
11 fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
12 fastcgi_paramSERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
13 fastcgi_paramREMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
14 fastcgi_paramREMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
15 fastcgi_paramSERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
16 fastcgi_paramSERVER_PORT $server_port;
17 fastcgi_paramSERVER_NAME $server_name;
4.在PHP服务器上,建立nginx用户,要保证和nginx服务器上的nginx用户id号、组id号一致:
5.修改php-fpm配置文件,并重启:
1 vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
2 ---------------------------------------------
3 listen = 192.168.19.92:9000 //监听物理网卡地址,供其它机器调用
4 user = nginx //php-fpm以nginx用户运行
5 group = nginx
6 ---------------------------------------------
7 service php-fpm restart
6.在PHP服务器上创建/www目录,并开启nfs服务:
1 mkdir /www
2 chown -R nginx:nginx /www
3 vim /etc/exports
4 ---------------------------------------------
5 /www 192.168.19.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)
6 ---------------------------------------------
7 service nfs start
7.nginx服务器挂载nfs文件,并测试php,测试成功后删除index.php:
1 mount -t nfs 192.168.19.92:/www /www
2 vim /www/index.php
3 ---------------------------------------
4 <?php
5 phpinfo();
6 ?>
7 --------------------------------------
8 service nginx restart
五、整合PHP与MYSQL
在mysql服务器上创建php服务器能够访问的数据库和用户:
1 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
2 --------------------------------------------
3 CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
4 GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'wordpress'@'192.168.19.92' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
5 FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
六、安装wordpress
1.在/www文件夹下放入网页文件
2.访问http://192.168.19.83,并按提示进行安装,配置没问题则会安装成功
七、为php安装xcache
1.解压并安装:
1 tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz
2 cd xcache-3.2.0
3 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
4 ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
5 make && make install
完成后,会出现:Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/
2.加载模块:
1 vim /etc/php.ini
2 -----------------------------------
3 extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xcache.so //找到extension配置的地方,加上此句
八、为php安装memcache
1.解压并安装:
1 tar xf memcache-2.2.7.tgz
2 cd memcache-2.2.7
3 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
4./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcache
5 make && make install
完成后,会出现:Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/
2.加载模块:
1 vim /etc/php.ini
2 -----------------------------------
3 extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/memcache.so //找到extension配置的地方,加上此句
3.两个加速模块都安装完毕,重启php-fpm:
1 service php-fpm restart
4.创建一个php测试页,并查看模块是否加载成功:
至此,演示完毕。如果您发现了什么问题,请及时联系我,谢谢! QQ:82800452
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