LNMP环境搭建
一、安装 MySQL平时安装MySQL都是源码包安装,但是由于它的编译需要很长的时间,所以安装二进制免编译包。
MySQL官方网站下载: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
sohu镜像站下载:http://mirrors.sohu.com/选择合适的版本。
1、下载 mysql 包到 /usr/local/src/
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# cd /usr/local/src/
# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
2、解压
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# tar -zxvf /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
3、把解压后的数据移动到 /usr/local/mysql
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# mv mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql
4、创建 MySQL 用户
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# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
5、初始化数据库
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# cd /usr/local/mysql
# mkdir -p /data/mysql //创建datadir,数据库文件会放在这里
# chown -R mysql /data/mysql//更改权限
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql //--user定义数据库所属主,--datadir定义数据库安装目录
6、拷贝配置文件
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# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
7、拷贝启动脚本并修改其属性
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# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
8、修改启动脚本
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# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld //进入后修改以下两个地方
basedir=/use/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
9、把启动脚本加入系统服务项,并设定开机启动,启动mysql
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# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
# service mysqld start
若不能启动,可以到 /data/mysql/ 目录下查看错误日志,日志通常是主机名.err。检查MySQL是否启动的命令为:ps aux |gerp mysqld 。
二、安装 PHP
PHP官方下载地址:http://www.php.net/downloads.php
sohu镜像站下载地址:http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.3.27.tar.gz
1、下载 php 包到 /usr/local/src/
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# cd /usr/local/src/
# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.3.27.tar.gz
2、解压
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# tar -zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz
3、创建相关账户
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# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
4、配置编译参数
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# cd php-5.3.27
# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=php-fpm \
--with-fpm-group=php-fpm \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-mcrypt \
--enable-soap \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-exif \
--enable-zend-multibyte \
--disable-ipv6 \
--with-pear \
--with-curl \
--with-openssl
可能会出现如下报错:
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报错1: configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
解决:yum install -y libcurl-devel
5、编译
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# make
可能会出现如下报错:
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报错1:/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lltdl
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** 错误 1
解决:yum install -y libtool-ltdl-devel
6、安装
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# make install
7、修改配置文件
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# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件后,检验配置是否正确:
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# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样,说明配置没有问题。
8、启动php-fpm
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# cp /usr/local/src/php-5.3.27/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# service php-fpm start
如果想让它开机启动,执行:
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chkconfig php-fpm on
检测是否启动:
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ps aux |grep php-fpm
看看是不是有很多个进程(大概20多个)
三、安装 Nginx
Nginx官方网站:http://nginx.org
下载nginx
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
解压nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
配置编译参数
cd nginx-1.4.4
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module\
--with-pcre
编译nginx
make
安装nginx
make install
编写nginx启动脚本,并加入系统服务
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
写入如下内容:
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload(){
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart(){
stop
start
}
configtest(){
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
保存后,更改权限:
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
如果想开机启动,请执行:
chkconfig nginx on
更改nginx配置
首先把原来的配置文件清空:
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
“>” 这个符号为重定向的意思,单独用它,可以把一个文本文档快速清空。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
写入如下内容:
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
'$host "$request_uri" $status'
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
保存配置后,先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
如果显示内容如下,则配置正确,否则需要根据错误提示修改配置文件:
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
启动nginx:
service nginx start
如果不能启动,请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件,检查nginx是否启动:
ps aux |grep nginx
看是否有进程。
测试是否解析php文件
创建测试文件:
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php
内容如下:
<?php
echo "测试php是否解析";
?>
测试:
# curl localhost/2.php
测试php是否解析#
显示成这样,才说明php解析正确。
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