Memcached服务端自动启动
经测试,要使得Memcached能够提供session共享服务,必须启动Memcached服务端为系统服务。本人较为初级,一般都是按向导安装的。所以,要将其设为自动启动的服务也就困难了。 上网搜索了一下,结果,得到以下一些结果,做个记录:
1、最傻的做法
通常:启动Memcache的服务器端的命令为:
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 192.168.0.200 -p 12000 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
-d选项是启动一个守护进程,
-m是分配给Memcache使用的内存数量,单位是MB,我这里是10MB,
-u是运行Memcache的用户,我这里是root,
-l是监听的服务器IP地址,如果有多个地址的话,我这里指定了服务器的IP地址192.168.0.200,
-p是设置Memcache监听的端口,我这里设置了12000,最好是1024以上的端口,
-c选项是最大运行的并发连接数,默认是1024,我这里设置了256,按照你服务器的负载量来设定,
-P是设置保存Memcache的pid文件,我这里是保存在 /tmp/memcached.pid,
想开机自动启动的话,只需在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入一行,上面命令
有人用以下命令:
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 20 -p 11211 -u apache
上面有些东西可以参考一下:即,ip不指定时,默认是本机,用户,最好选择是:apache 或 deamon
这样,也就是属于哪个用户的服务,由哪个用户启动。
2、较正规的方法:
To add a service to chkconfig you will normally need a couple of special comments below the shebang of a shell script:
[*]#!/bin/sh
[*]# chkconfig: - 55 45
[*]# description:The memcached daemon is a network memory cache service.
[*]# processname: memcached
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: - 55 45
# description:The memcached daemon is a network memory cache service.
# processname: memcached
After adding the lines to /etc/init.d/memcached you can then issue
chkconfig --add memcached
There are of course additional run levels a process can start at so to check that you would issue
chkconfig --list | grep "memcached"
A common run level for memcached would be
chkconfig --level 345 memcached on
说明:chkconfig --add memcached 用来添加memcached服务
chkconfig --list | grep "memcached" 检查服务是否添加
还可以简写为这样:
chkconfig--list | grep mem
chkconfig --level 345 memcached on 设置运行级别。
建议:最好使用chkconfig --level 235 memcached on 这样的话与apache级别相同,即只要有apache,就有memcached
3、更复杂的做法,创建完美的启动脚本
网上找到以下两个脚本:
[*]#!/bin/sh
[*]#
[*]# memcached: MemCached Daemon
[*]#
[*]# chkconfig: - 90 25
[*]# description:MemCached Daemon
[*]#
[*]# Source function library.
[*]. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
[*]. /etc/sysconfig/network
[*]#[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[*]#[ -r /etc/sysconfig/dund ] || exit 0
[*]#. /etc/sysconfig/dund
[*]#[ -z "$DUNDARGS" ] && exit 0
[*]start()
[*]{
[*] echo -n $"Starting memcached: "
[*] daemon $MEMCACHED -u daemon -d -m 1024 -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
[*] echo
[*]}
[*]stop()
[*]{
[*] echo -n $"Shutting down memcached: "
[*] killproc memcached
[*] echo
[*]}
[*]MEMCACHED="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
[*][ -f $MEMCACHED ] || exit 1
[*]# See how we were called.
[*]case "$1" in
[*]start)
[*] start
[*] ;;
[*]stop)
[*] stop
[*] ;;
[*]restart)
[*] stop
[*] sleep 3
[*] start
[*] ;;
[*] *)
[*] echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
[*] exit 1
[*]esac
[*]exit 0
#!/bin/sh
#
# memcached: MemCached Daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 90 25
# description:MemCached Daemon
#
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
. /etc/sysconfig/network
#[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
#[ -r /etc/sysconfig/dund ] || exit 0
#. /etc/sysconfig/dund
#[ -z "$DUNDARGS" ] && exit 0
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting memcached: "
daemon $MEMCACHED -u daemon -d -m 1024 -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
echo
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Shutting down memcached: "
killproc memcached
echo
}
MEMCACHED="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
[ -f $MEMCACHED ] || exit 1
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
sleep 3
start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
[*]#!/bin/sh
[*]#
[*]# memcached: MemCached Daemon
[*]#
[*]# chkconfig: - 90 25
[*]# description:MemCached Daemon
[*]#
[*]# Source function library.
[*]. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
[*]. /etc/sysconfig/network
[*]
[*]start()
[*]{
[*] echo -n $"Starting memcached: "
[*] daemon /usr/local/bin/memcached -u daemon -d -m 4096 -l 10.10.10.220 -p 58728
[*] echo
[*]}
[*]
[*]stop()
[*]{
[*] echo -n $"Shutting down memcached: "
[*] killproc memcached
[*] echo
[*]}
[*]
[*][ -f /usr/local/bin/memcached ] || exit 0
[*]
[*]# See how we were called.
[*]case "$1" in
[*]start)
[*] start
[*] ;;
[*]stop)
[*] stop
[*] ;;
[*]restart|reload)
[*] stop
[*] start
[*] ;;
[*]condrestart)
[*] stop
[*] start
[*] ;;
[*]*)
[*] echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|condrestart}"
[*] exit 1
[*]esac
[*]exit 0
#!/bin/sh
#
# memcached: MemCached Daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 90 25
# description:MemCached Daemon
#
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
. /etc/sysconfig/network
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting memcached: "
daemon /usr/local/bin/memcached -u daemon -d -m 4096 -l 10.10.10.220 -p 58728
echo
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Shutting down memcached: "
killproc memcached
echo
}
[ -f /usr/local/bin/memcached ] || exit 0
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart|reload)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|condrestart}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
在上述指定目录创建了上述某一个脚本以后,就可以进行以下操作:
# chkconfig--add memcached
# chkconfig--level 235memcachedon
# chkconfig--list | grep mem
memcached 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
接下来,可以用以下命令启动与停止 memcached
/etc/rc.d/init.d/memcachedstart
/etc/rc.d/init.d/memcachedstop
/etc/rc.d/init.d/memcachedrestart
如:
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/memcachedrestart
Shutting down memcached:
Starting memcached:
同时,还可以用:
service memcached start
这样的命令操作
然后,可以用ps命令查看进程信息。
# ps aux | grep mem
daemon 237810.00.2 13892 9860 ?Ss 16:51:00/.../memcached -u daemon -d -m 1024 -l 172.16.0.106 -p 11211
以上两个脚本前一个脚本中,对网络进行检查。其它都是针对服务启动与停止的命令提示设置。
有人说,复杂的脚本并不好懂,自己也不会写,却想要更完善的,怎么办?
那就到网上找高手的。最好的捷径就是到对应的RPM包中去找。(如果直接用RPM包安装,这些事情都不用做了)
当然,memcached多数情况下都是编译安装,因为,很多时候都是找不到对应的版本。
脚本中 # chkconfig: - 55 45 运行级别这一列参数用的是 -,这样,是不在脚本中写死,可以通过 chkconfig--level 235memcachedon 灵活设置。
最后就是,目前仍不了解
. /etc/sysconfig/network
#[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
#[ -r /etc/sysconfig/dund ] || exit 0
#. /etc/sysconfig/dund
#[ -z "$DUNDARGS" ] && exit 0
这一段的详细含义。需要进一步学习!
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