ASP.NET版Memcached监控工具(转)
转自:http://blog.iyunv.com/zhoufoxcn/archive/2011/03/29/6287304.aspx在上一篇文章《使用Memcached提高.NET应用程序的性能》中周公讲述如何在.NET中使用Memcached来提高.NET应用程序的性能。在实际的使用中有可能出现Memcached因为某些不可预知的原因挂掉,一旦出现这样的情况,就会再次给数据库增加巨大的压力,因此需要监控Memcached的运行情况。周公在网上找过,在网上有PHP版的Memcached监控工具,打开那个PHP页面就可以看到各个Memcached的运行情况,一旦不能获取到这些数据,说明Memcached不可访问,不可访问的原因可能是因为网络故障或者Memcached挂掉了,虽然原因不同,但是结果是一样的。参照了Enyim Memcached和PHP版Memcached监控工具的实现,周公实现了一个.NET版的监控工具。
实现思路
上一篇文章《使用Memcached提高.NET应用程序的性能》中周公讲述了可以通过Telnet来获取Memcached的运行状况,通过"stats"命令得到Memcached的数据,如果得不到相应的数据就证明Memcached不可访问。
其中向Memcached发送"stats"命令得到的数据的意义如下:
pid:32u,服务器进程ID。
uptime:32u, 服务器运行时间,单位秒。
time :32u, 服务器当前的UNIX时间。
version :string, 服务器的版本号。
curr_items :32u, 服务器当前存储的内容数量 Current number of items stored by the server
total_items :32u, 服务器启动以来存储过的内容总数。
bytes :64u, 服务器当前存储内容所占用的字节数。
curr_connections :32u, 连接数量。
total_connections :32u, 服务器运行以来接受的连接总数。
connection_structures:32u, 服务器分配的连接结构的数量。
cmd_get :32u, 取回请求总数。
cmd_set :32u, 存储请求总数。
get_hits :32u, 请求成功的总次数。
get_misses :32u, 请求失败的总次数。
bytes_read :64u, 服务器从网络读取到的总字节数。
bytes_written :64u, 服务器向网络发送的总字节数。
limit_maxbytes :32u, 服务器在存储时被允许使用的字节总数。
上面的描述中32u和64u表示32位和64位无符号整数,string表示是string类型数据。
在本篇中我们通过Socket而不是Telnet连接到Memcached,然后解析返回的数据。
程序代码
为了便于管理和维护,在本示例中使用了单页模式,也就是所有的代码都在一个ASPX页面中,没有对应的aspx.cs页面。
程序代码如下:
[*]<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System.IO" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System.Net" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System.Net.Sockets" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System.Threading" %>
[*]<%@ Import Namespace="System.Security" %>
[*]<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
[*]
[*]<mce:script runat="server"><!--
[*]/*
[*] * 作者:周公
[*] * 日期:2011-03-27
[*] * 原文出处:http://blog.iyunv.com/zhoufoxcn 或http://zhoufoxcn.blog.iyunv.com
[*] * 版权说明:本文可以在保留原文出处的情况下使用于非商业用途,周公对此不作任何担保或承诺。
[*] * */
[*]
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// Memcached服务器监控类
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public class MemcachedMonitor
[*] {
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 连接Memcached的超时时间
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public TimeSpan ConnectionTimeout { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 接收Memcached返回数据的超时时间
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public TimeSpan ReceiveTimeout { get; set; }
[*] private List<IPEndPoint> serverList;
[*] public MemcachedMonitor(ICollection<IPEndPoint> list)
[*] {
[*] ConnectionTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);
[*] ReceiveTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20);
[*] serverList = new List<IPEndPoint>();
[*] serverList.AddRange(list);
[*] }
[*]
[*] public List<MemcachedServerStats> GetAllServerStats()
[*] {
[*] List<MemcachedServerStats> resultList = new List<MemcachedServerStats>();
[*] foreach (IPEndPoint endPoint in serverList)
[*] {
[*] resultList.Add(GetServerStats(endPoint, ConnectionTimeout, ReceiveTimeout));
[*] }
[*] return resultList;
[*] }
[*]
[*] public static MemcachedServerStats GetServerStats(IPEndPoint ip, TimeSpan connectionTimeout, TimeSpan receiveTimeout)
[*] {
[*] MemcachedSocket socket = new MemcachedSocket(ip, connectionTimeout, receiveTimeout);
[*] MemcachedServerStats stats = socket.GetStats();
[*] return stats;
[*] }
[*]
[*] public static IPEndPoint Parse(string hostName,int port)
[*] {
[*] IPHostEntry host=Dns.GetHostEntry(hostName);
[*] IPEndPoint endPoint = null;
[*] foreach (IPAddress ip in host.AddressList)
[*] {
[*] if (ip.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
[*] {
[*] endPoint = new IPEndPoint(ip, port);
[*] break;
[*] }
[*] }
[*] return endPoint;
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// Memcached服务器运行状态数据类,只有当IsReachable为true时获取的数据才有意义,否则表示不可访问或者Memcached挂了
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public class MemcachedServerStats
[*] {
[*] private Dictionary<string, string> results;
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 是否可访问,如果不可访问表示网络故障或者Memcached服务器Down掉了
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public bool IsReachable { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器运行时间,单位秒(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Uptime { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器当前的UNIX时间(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Time { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器的版本号(string)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public string Version { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器当前存储的内容数量(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Curr_Items { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器启动以来存储过的内容总数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Total_Items { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 连接数量(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Curr_Connections { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器运行以来接受的连接总数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Total_Connections { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器分配的连接结构的数量(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Connection_Structures { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 取回请求总数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Cmd_Get { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 存储请求总数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Cmd_Set { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 请求成功的总次数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Get_Hits { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 请求失败的总次数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Get_Misses { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器当前存储内容所占用的字节数(64u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt64 Bytes { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器从网络读取到的总字节数(64u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt64 Bytes_Read { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器向网络发送的总字节数(64u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt64 Bytes_Written { get; set; }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 服务器在存储时被允许使用的字节总数(32u)
[*] /// </summary>
[*] public UInt32 Limit_Maxbytes { get; set; }
[*] public IPEndPoint IPEndPoint { get; set; }
[*]
[*] public MemcachedServerStats(IPEndPoint endpoint)
[*] {
[*] if (endpoint == null)
[*] {
[*] throw new ArgumentNullException("endpoint can't be null");
[*] }
[*] IPEndPoint = endpoint;
[*] }
[*]
[*] public MemcachedServerStats(IPEndPoint endpoint, Dictionary<string, string> results)
[*] {
[*] if (endpoint == null || results == null)
[*] {
[*] throw new ArgumentNullException("point and result can't be null");
[*] }
[*] IPEndPoint = endpoint;
[*]
[*] }
[*]
[*] public void InitializeData(Dictionary<string, string> results)
[*] {
[*] if (results == null)
[*] {
[*] throw new ArgumentNullException("result can't be null");
[*] }
[*] this.results = results;
[*] Uptime = GetUInt32("uptime");
[*] Time = GetUInt32("time");
[*] Version = GetRaw("version");
[*] Curr_Items = GetUInt32("curr_items");
[*] Total_Items = GetUInt32("total_items");
[*] Curr_Connections = GetUInt32("curr_connections");
[*] Total_Connections = GetUInt32("total_connections");
[*] Connection_Structures = GetUInt32("connection_structures");
[*] Cmd_Get = GetUInt32("cmd_get");
[*] Cmd_Set = GetUInt32("cmd_set");
[*] Get_Hits = GetUInt32("get_hits");
[*] Get_Misses = GetUInt32("get_misses");
[*] Bytes = GetUInt64("bytes");
[*] Bytes_Read = GetUInt64("bytes_read");
[*] Bytes_Written = GetUInt64("bytes_written");
[*] Limit_Maxbytes = GetUInt32("limit_maxbytes");
[*] }
[*]
[*] private string GetRaw(string key)
[*] {
[*] string value = string.Empty;
[*] results.TryGetValue(key, out value);
[*] return value;
[*] }
[*]
[*] private UInt32 GetUInt32(string key)
[*] {
[*] string value = GetRaw(key);
[*] UInt32 uptime;
[*] UInt32.TryParse(value, out uptime);
[*] return uptime;
[*] }
[*]
[*] private UInt64 GetUInt64(string key)
[*] {
[*] string value = GetRaw(key);
[*] UInt64 uptime;
[*] UInt64.TryParse(value, out uptime);
[*] return uptime;
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 与Memcached服务器通讯的Socket封装
[*] /// </summary>
[*] internal class MemcachedSocket : IDisposable
[*] {
[*] private const string CommandString = "stats\r\n";//发送查询Memcached状态的指令,以"\r\n"作为命令的结束
[*] private const int ErrorResponseLength = 13;
[*] private const string GenericErrorResponse = "ERROR";
[*] private const string ClientErrorResponse = "CLIENT_ERROR ";
[*] private const string ServerErrorResponse = "SERVER_ERROR ";
[*] private Socket socket;
[*] private IPEndPoint endpoint;
[*] private BufferedStream bufferedStream;
[*] private NetworkStream networkStream;
[*]
[*] public MemcachedSocket(IPEndPoint ip, TimeSpan connectionTimeout, TimeSpan receiveTimeout)
[*] {
[*] if (ip == null)
[*] {
[*] throw new ArgumentNullException("ip", "不能为空!");
[*] }
[*] endpoint = ip;
[*]
[*] socket = new Socket(endpoint.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
[*]
[*] socket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket, SocketOptionName.SendTimeout, connectionTimeout == TimeSpan.MaxValue ? Timeout.Infinite : (int)connectionTimeout.TotalMilliseconds);
[*] socket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket, SocketOptionName.ReceiveTimeout, receiveTimeout == TimeSpan.MaxValue ? Timeout.Infinite : (int)receiveTimeout.TotalMilliseconds);
[*]
[*] // all operations are "atomic", we do not send small chunks of data
[*] socket.NoDelay = true;
[*] }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 获取Memcached的运行状态
[*] /// </summary>
[*] /// <returns></returns>
[*] public MemcachedServerStats GetStats()
[*] {
[*] MemcachedServerStats stats = new MemcachedServerStats(endpoint);
[*] try
[*] {
[*] socket.Connect(endpoint);
[*] networkStream = new NetworkStream(socket);
[*] bufferedStream = new BufferedStream(networkStream);
[*] byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(CommandString);
[*]
[*] SocketError socketError;
[*] socket.Send(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, out socketError);
[*] if (socketError != SocketError.Success)
[*] {
[*] stats.IsReachable = false;
[*] }
[*] else
[*] {
[*] stats.IsReachable = true;
[*] string result = ReadLine();
[*] Dictionary<string, string> serverData = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
[*] while (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result))
[*] {
[*] // 返回的数据信息以"END"作为结束标记
[*] if (String.Compare(result, "END", StringComparison.Ordinal) == 0)
[*] break;
[*]
[*] //期望的响应格式是:"STAT 名称 值"(注意"STAT 名称 值"之间有空格)
[*] if (result.Length < 6 || String.Compare(result, 0, "STAT ", 0, 5, StringComparison.Ordinal) != 0)
[*] {
[*] continue;
[*] }
[*]
[*] //获取以空格作为分隔符的键值对
[*] string[] parts = result.Remove(0, 5).Split(' ');
[*] if (parts.Length != 2)
[*] {
[*] continue;
[*] }
[*] serverData] = parts;
[*] result = ReadLine();
[*] }
[*] stats.InitializeData(serverData);
[*] }
[*] }
[*] catch (Exception exception)
[*] {
[*] stats.IsReachable = false;
[*] //Debug.WriteLine("Exception Message:" + exception.Message);
[*] }
[*] finally
[*] {
[*] }
[*] return stats;
[*]
[*] }
[*] /// <summary>
[*] /// 从远程主机的响应流中读取一行数据
[*] /// </summary>
[*] /// <returns></returns>
[*] private string ReadLine()
[*] {
[*] MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(50);
[*]
[*] bool gotR = false;
[*] byte[] buffer = new byte;
[*] int data;
[*]
[*] try
[*] {
[*] while (true)
[*] {
[*] data = bufferedStream.ReadByte();
[*]
[*] if (data == 13)
[*] {
[*] gotR = true;
[*] continue;
[*] }
[*]
[*] if (gotR)
[*] {
[*] if (data == 10)
[*] break;
[*]
[*] ms.WriteByte(13);
[*]
[*] gotR = false;
[*] }
[*]
[*] ms.WriteByte((byte)data);
[*] }
[*] }
[*] catch (IOException)
[*] {
[*]
[*] throw;
[*] }
[*]
[*] string retureValue = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(ms.GetBuffer(), 0, (int)ms.Length);
[*]
[*]
[*] if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(retureValue))
[*] throw new Exception("接收到空响应。");
[*]
[*] if (String.Compare(retureValue, GenericErrorResponse, StringComparison.Ordinal) == 0)
[*] throw new NotSupportedException("无效的指令。");
[*]
[*] if (retureValue.Length >= ErrorResponseLength)
[*] {
[*] if (String.Compare(retureValue, 0, ClientErrorResponse, 0, ErrorResponseLength, StringComparison.Ordinal) == 0)
[*] {
[*] throw new Exception(retureValue.Remove(0, ErrorResponseLength));
[*] }
[*] else if (String.Compare(retureValue, 0, ServerErrorResponse, 0, ErrorResponseLength, StringComparison.Ordinal) == 0)
[*] {
[*] throw new Exception(retureValue.Remove(0, ErrorResponseLength));
[*] }
[*] }
[*]
[*] return retureValue;
[*] }
[*]
[*] public void Dispose()
[*] {
[*] if (socket != null)
[*] {
[*] socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
[*] }
[*] socket = null;
[*] networkStream.Dispose();
[*] networkStream = null;
[*] bufferedStream.Dispose();
[*] bufferedStream = null;
[*] }
[*] }
[*]// --></mce:script>
[*]
[*]<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
[*]<head>
[*] <title>ASP.NET版Memcached监控工具</title>
[*] <mce:style><!--
[*] a {
[*] color:#000000;
[*] text-decoration:none;
[*]}
[*]a.current {
[*] color:#0000FF;
[*]}
[*]a:hover {
[*] text-decoration: none;
[*]}
[*]body {
[*] font-family: verdana, geneva,tahoma, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;
[*] font-size: 100%;
[*] background-color:#FFFFFF;
[*] margin: 0em;
[*]}
[*]ul {
[*] font-size:80%;
[*] color:#666666;
[*] line-height: 1.5em;
[*] list-style: none;
[*]}
[*]
[*]--></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1"> a {
[*] color:#000000;
[*] text-decoration:none;
[*]}
[*]a.current {
[*] color:#0000FF;
[*]}
[*]a:hover {
[*] text-decoration: none;
[*]}
[*]body {
[*] font-family: verdana, geneva,tahoma, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;
[*] font-size: 100%;
[*] background-color:#FFFFFF;
[*] margin: 0em;
[*]}
[*]ul {
[*] font-size:80%;
[*] color:#666666;
[*] line-height: 1.5em;
[*] list-style: none;
[*]}
[*] </style>
[*]</head>
[*]<body>
[*]<table border="0">
[*]<tr><th>IP</th><th>Version</th><th>IsReachable</th><th>Bytes</th><th>Bytes_Read</th><th>Bytes_Written</th><th>Cmd_Get</th><th>Cmd_Set</th><th>Curr_Connections</th><th>Curr_Items</th><th>Get_Hits</th><th>Get_Misses</th><th>Limit_Maxbytes</th><th>Total_Items</th></tr>
[*]<%
[*] String format = "<tr><td>{0}</td><td>{1}</th><th>{2}</th><th>{3}</th><th>{4}</th><th>{5}</th><th>{6}</th><th>{7}</th><th>{8}</th><th>{9}</th><th>{10}</th><th>{11}</th><th>{12}</th><th>{13}</th></tr>";
[*] List<IPEndPoint> list = new List<IPEndPoint> { new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 11121), MemcachedMonitor.Parse("localhost",11131) };
[*] MemcachedMonitor monitor = new MemcachedMonitor(list);
[*] List<MemcachedServerStats> resultList = monitor.GetAllServerStats();
[*] string result=string.Empty;
[*] foreach (MemcachedServerStats stats in resultList)
[*] {
[*] result = string.Format(format, stats.IPEndPoint, stats.Version,stats.IsReachable, stats.Bytes, stats.Bytes_Read, stats.Bytes_Written, stats.Cmd_Get, stats.Cmd_Set, stats.Curr_Connections, stats.Curr_Items, stats.Get_Hits, stats.Get_Misses, stats.Limit_Maxbytes, stats.Total_Items);
[*] Response.Write(result);
[*] }
[*]%>
[*]</table>
[*]这些数据所代表的意义如下:
[*]<ul>
[*]<li>pid:32u,服务器进程ID。</li>
[*]<li>uptime:32u, 服务器运行时间,单位秒。</li>
[*]<li>time :32u, 服务器当前的UNIX时间。</li>
[*]<li>version :string, 服务器的版本号。 </li>
[*]<li>curr_items :32u, 服务器当前存储的内容数量</li>
[*]<li>total_items :32u, 服务器启动以来存储过的内容总数。</li>
[*]<li>bytes :64u, 服务器当前存储内容所占用的字节数。</li>
[*]<li>curr_connections :32u, 连接数量。 </li>
[*]<li>total_connections :32u, 服务器运行以来接受的连接总数。</li>
[*]<li>connection_structures:32u, 服务器分配的连接结构的数量。</li>
[*]<li>cmd_get :32u, 取回请求总数。 </li>
[*]<li>cmd_set :32u, 存储请求总数。 </li>
[*]<li>get_hits :32u, 请求成功的总次数。</li>
[*]<li>get_misses :32u, 请求失败的总次数。</li>
[*]<li>bytes_read :64u, 服务器从网络读取到的总字节数。</li>
[*]<li>bytes_written :64u, 服务器向网络发送的总字节数。</li>
[*]<li>limit_maxbytes :32u, 服务器在存储时被允许使用的字节总数。</li>
[*]</ul>
[*]上面的描述中32u和64u表示32位和64位无符号整数,string表示是string类型数据。<br />
[*]作者博客:<a href="http://blog.iyunv.com/zhoufoxcn" mce_href="http://blog.iyunv.com/zhoufoxcn" target="_blank">CSDN博客</a>|<a href="http://zhoufoxcn.blog.iyunv.com" mce_href="http://zhoufoxcn.blog.iyunv.com" target="_blank">51CTO博客</a>
[*]</body>
[*]</html>
说明:周公对CSS不太熟悉,所以没有好好设计页面的显示效果,以能显示各Memcached的运行状态为准。
总结:Memcached作为一个非常不错的分布式缓存确实能很大程度上提高程序的性能。在上面的例子中有关检测Memcached运行状态数据的代码可以提取出来应用于WinForm或者Windows Service,一旦检测出Memcached不可访问可以采取更灵活的方式,比如发送邮件到指定的邮箱,关于这一部分的功能相信大家都能轻易实现,所以在这里就不再赘述了。
周公
2011-03-28
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