2.监控软件zabbix-服务端安装
环境准备Zabbix服务端环境要求：
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
CentOS
Oracle Linux
Debian
Ubuntu
注意,要安装的Zabbix服务器需要联网,如果没有网络以下内容不适用.
软件准备
Zabbix服务端安装包
Zabbix官网镜像：http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/2.4/
阿里云镜像：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/2.4/
关联软件安装包
数据库
Zabbix-Server支持的数据库：
MySQL
Oracle
SQLite
IBM DB2
PostgreSQL
我们这里选用的是MySQL，MySQL的资源位置：
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file.php?id=450542
前端展示
Apache
PHP
客户端的浏览器必须要开启JavaScript和Cookies
服务端
软件需求 描述 OpenIPMI 需要支持IPMI libssh2 需要支持SSH服务，大于1.0版本 fping ICMP的ping命令需要 libcurl 服务端监听需要 libiksemel Jabber支持需要 net-snmp SNMP支持需要 版本要求
相关软件的版本需参考官方文档中的描述：
https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.4/manual/installation/requirements
将2.4更换为相应版本号即可。
安装过程
安装Yum源
# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/2.4/rhel/6/i386/zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
安装软件包
# yum install -y zabbix zabbix-get zabbix-server zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-server-mysql mysql-server
到此我们Zabbix-Server端软件已经安装完毕.
软件配置
MySQL的配置
# vi /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Recommended in standard MySQL setup
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
character-set-server=utf8 #设置字符集为utf8
innodb_file_per_table=1 #让innodb的每个表文件单独存储
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
启动MySQL
# service mysqld start
修改root用户密码
# mysqladmin -uroot password root
创建Zabbix数据库以及用户
# mysql -uroot -proot
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
#
导入Zabbix-Server表结构和数据
# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use zabbix;
Database changed
mysql> source /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6/create/schema.sql;
mysql> source /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6/create/images.sql;
mysql> source /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6/create/data.sql;
Zabbix-Server的配置
Zabbix-Server端默认情况下只需要修改连接MySQL数据库的密码即可（其它参数可根据实际环境需求修改）:
修改内容:
# egrep -v "(^#|^$)" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptt/snmptt.log
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
创建扩展脚本路径：
# mkdir /etc/zabbix/alertscripts /etc/zabbix/externalscripts
httpd的配置
要这是前端展示的字符集和时区信息
# vi zabbix.conf
<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
php_value max_execution_time 300
php_value memory_limit 128M
php_value post_max_size 16M
php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
php_value max_input_time 300
php_value data.timezone Asia/Shanghai
# php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga
</Directory>
服务启动
# service zabbix-server start
# service httpd start
配置开机启动
# chkconfig mysqld on
# chkconfig zabbix-server on
# chkconfig httpd on
检查验证
登录验证
http://192.168.80.210/zabbix/setup.php
进入设置页面
1、设置主页
2、PHP相关参数检查
3、数据库连接配置，要注意进行验证连接是否可用
4、Zabbix-Server端详细信息
5、安装详情
6、完成安装
如果此步骤写入文件失败，可以尝试关闭SELINUX
# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
然后重启启动Linux服务器
7、点击finish即可进入主页，默认用户名：admin 密码：zabbix
8、进入页面如下结果
常见问题：
1、添加完防火墙过滤规则后，执行service iptables restart出错（Center OS 7），如下所示：
# service iptables restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restartiptables.service
Failed to issue method call: Unit iptables.service failed to load: No such file or directory.
#
主要是因为没有安装iptables service导致的，所以当修改防火墙设置后，重启该服务无效。在Center OS7 或RHEL7 中防火墙引入进来管理iptables，在IMHO中，对于服务器环境而言，防火墙比工作站更安全、可靠。
所以可以通过如下办法解决：
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl mask firewalld
ln -s '/dev/null' '/etc/systemd/system/firewalld.service'
# yum install iptables-services
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 iptables-services.x86_64.0.1.4.21-13.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
iptables-services x86_64 1.4.21-13.el7 base 49 k
事务概要
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
安装1 软件包
总下载量：49 k
安装大小：23 k
Is this ok : t
Is this ok : y
Downloading packages:
iptables-services-1.4.21-13.el7.x86_64.rpm |49 kB00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : iptables-services-1.4.21-13.el7.x86_64 1/1
warning: /etc/sysconfig/iptables created as /etc/sysconfig/iptables.rpmnew
验证中 : iptables-services-1.4.21-13.el7.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
iptables-services.x86_64 0:1.4.21-13.el7
完毕！
# systemctl start iptables
# service iptables restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restartiptables.service
# service iptables save
参考网址：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24756240/how-can-i-use-iptables-on-centos-7
2、防火墙配置问题
如果连接不上80或者10051或者10050，需在/etc/sysconfig/iptables中添过滤规则：
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT
:FORWARD ACCEPT
:OUTPUT ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
# http
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
# zabbix-server
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 10051 -j ACCEPT
# zabbix-agent
-A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 10050 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --sport 10050 -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# service iptables restart
如果还有问题,可以用如下命令尝试刷新路由表:
# iptables -F
3、如果设置/etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf的timezone只不起作用
可以进行如下尝试
# service httpd restart
如果依然存在问题，则进行如下操作：
# vi /etc/php.ini
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.configuration.php#ini.date.timezone
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
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