【转】SAP PP 顾问面试考试试题及资料
SAP PP 顾问面试试题及资料1. Master Data
Organizational Structures
· What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?
· Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?
· What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage location
Material Master
· What is the purpose of different material master views?
· Which views are available?
· Which views are used primarily for PP?
· What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?
· How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?
· How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?
· What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?
· Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?
· How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?
· How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?
· Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?
· What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?
· Review the usage of the following settings?
- MRP group
- MRP type
- Reorder point
- Planning time fence
- MRP controller
- Lot size
- Procurement type
- Special procurement type
- Production storage location
Backflush flag
- Stock determination group
- Bulk material
- Scheduling margin key
- Safety stock
- Strategy group
- Consumption mode and consumption period
- Availability checking group
- Alternative selection flag
- Dependent requirement flag for individual and collective requirements
- Production scheduler
- Production scheduling profile
- Underdelivery/overdelivery tolerance
- In-house production time (lot size dependent/independent)
- Valuation class
- Price control indicator
- Moving average price/standard price
Bills of Material
· What is determined by BOM usage?
· What technical types of BOM are available?
· Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?
· During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered?
· When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?
· What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?
· Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?
· What is a sub-item?
· Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?
· What is the usage of the following BOM settings?
- Explosion type
- Relevant to production
- Relevant to costing
- Material provision indicator
- Bulk material
- Production storage location
Work Centers
· What is a work center category?
· What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?
· What is the purpose of a standard value key?
· What role does the operation control key play?
What does referencing mean?
· Why to use a work center hierarchy?
What is a pooled capacity?
· Analyze the usage of the following fields?
- Backflush indicator
- Capacity category
- Formulas for determining capacity requirements
- Rate of capacity utilization
- Relevant to finite scheduling indicator
- Overload
- Formulas for scheduling
- Location group (move time matrix)
- Queue times (normal and minimum)
- Cost center
- Activity types
- Formulas for costing
Routings
· What does a routing define?
· How is a routing structured?
· What task list types are available in the R/3 System?
· What is a routing group and group counter?
· What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?
· What could be reasons to use sequences?
· What are the various options to assign materials to routings?
· Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?
· What is a reference operation set?
· How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?
Production Resources/Tools
· What types of PRT are available?
· What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation?
Engineering Change Management
· What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?
· What is the significance of changes with a history?
· Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?
· What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?
· How is a change master record structured?
· What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?
Other Issues
· Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?
· Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?
· How are basic order dates determined?
· How are the scheduled dates determined?
· Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?
· What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?
· What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?
· What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?
· What are co-products?
2. Production Planning
General Issues
· What are the various planning levels available in R/3 PP?
· What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?
Sales and Operations Planning
· What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?
· What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?
· What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?
· Which planning methods are available in SOP?
· Which sources are available as input data for SOP?
· Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?
· Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP?
· What is ‘disaggregation’?
· How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?
Demand Management
· What is the purpose of Demand Management?
· At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?
· Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.
· What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?
· What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?
· What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?
· Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks?
· Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.
· What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?
· Explain the purposeof version management in Demand Management?
Master Production Scheduling
· Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?
· Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?
· What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?
· What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?
· What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?
· How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?
Material Requirements Planning
· What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?
· How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options
- MRP for a plant – online
- MRP for a plant – in background
- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online
· Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?
· Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself?
· What is the function of the planning file?
· What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?
· What is meant by interactive MRP?
· What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?
· What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP?
· What is a net requirements calculation?
· Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?
· What does lot-size calculation entail?
· Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?
· How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?
· What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?
· What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?
· How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?
· How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling?
· How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?
· How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?
· How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?
· What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?
· How are alternative BOMs selected?
· What is a production version?
· How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?
· What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?
· What is the function of exception messages?
· What are planned orders?
· What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?
· What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?
· How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?
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