SAP ABAP OLE 操作EXCEL小结
ABAP直接操作EXCEL实现数据处理。这里是用OLE实现操作EXCEL的。现在还有
DOI操作EXCEL等方法。以后用到再做介绍。此处不是直接生成EXCEL文件，而是从
服务器已经上传的EXCEL模板中下载模板然后打开修改实现数据保存。也可以直接创建
新的EXCEL文件往里面传递数据并设置格式。这里不做介绍。
1.采用模板文件实现。上传EXCEL模板
T-code：SMW0 WebRFC 的二进制数据 包：MI
点击按钮，上传excel模板。
模板数据保存在系统表wwwdata中。
2.在程序中下载模板
*下载EXCEL模板FORM
FORMtemp_excel_get.
DATA:lo_objdata LIKE wwwdatatab,
lo_mime LIKE w3mime,
lc_filenameTYPE string VALUE'test01' ,
lc_fullpathTYPE stringVALUE'D:\test\' ,
lc_path TYPEstring VALUE'D:\test\' ,
ls_destination LIKE rlgrap-filename,
ls_objnam TYPE string,
li_rc LIKE sy-subrc,
ls_errtxt TYPE string.
DATA:p_objid TYPE wwwdatatab-objid,
p_dest LIKE sapb-sappfad.
p_objid = 'ZTEST.XLS'. “此处为EXCEL模板名称
CALL METHOD cl_gui_frontend_services=>file_save_dialog ”调用保存对话框
EXPORTING
default_extension = 'XLS'
default_file_name = lc_filename
CHANGING
filename = lc_filename
path = lc_path
fullpath = lc_fullpath
EXCEPTIONS
cntl_error = 1
error_no_gui = 2
not_supported_by_gui = 3
OTHERS = 4.
IF lc_fullpath = ''.
MESSAGE'不能打开excel' TYPE 'E'.
ENDIF.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
p_dest = lc_fullpath.
* concatenate p_objid '.XLS' into ls_objnam.
CONDENSE ls_objnam NO-GAPS.
SELECT SINGLE relid objid FROM wwwdata INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF lo_objdata
WHERE srtf2 = 0 AND relid = 'MI' AND objid = p_objid.
*检查表wwwdata中是否存在所指定的模板文件
IF sy-subrc NE 0 OR lo_objdata-objid EQ space.“如果不存在，则给出错误提示
CONCATENATE '模板文件' ls_objnam '不存在' INTO ls_errtxt.
MESSAGE ls_errtxt TYPE 'I'.
ENDIF.
ls_destination = p_dest. ”保存路径
*如果存在，调用DOWNLOAD_WEB_OBJECT 函数下载模板到路径下
CALL FUNCTION 'DOWNLOAD_WEB_OBJECT'
EXPORTING
key = lo_objdata
destination = ls_destination
IMPORTING
rc = li_rc.
IF li_rc NE 0.
CONCATENATE '模板文件：' ls_objnam '下载失败' INTO ls_errtxt.
MESSAGE ls_errtxt TYPE 'E'.
ENDIF.
fname = ls_destination.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "fm_excel
3.下载完模板后，打开模板文件，填入数据
CREATE OBJECT excel 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'."Create EXCEL OBJECT
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 0."1/0 是否显示EXCEL
CALL METHOD OF excel 'Workbooks' = workbook.
CALL METHOD OF workbook 'Open'
EXPORTING
#1 = fname. ."打开上面下载路径下的excel文件
CALL METHOD OF excel 'Sheets' = sheet
EXPORTING
#1 = 1.
CALL METHOD OF sheet 'Select' .
CALL METHOD OF sheet 'ACTIVATE'. “sheet 激活
SET PROPERTY OF sheet 'NAME' = sheetname. “设定sheet名称
*此处假设内表itab 中已经存在需要写入excel中的数据
*并且假如从模板的第7行开始插入数据
LOOP AT itab INTO wa.
tab = wa-tabix + 6.
*在excel中插入一行
PERFORM excel_row_insert USING sheet tab 1.
*填充所插入行的每个单元格的数据
PERFORM fill_range USING tab 1 wa-t01.
PERFORM fill_range USING tab 2 wa-t02.
PERFORM fill_range USING tab 3 wa-t03.
PERFORM fill_range USING tab 4 wa-t04.
PERFORM fill_range USING tab 5 wa-t05.
PERFORM fill_range USING tab 6 wa-t06.
ENDLOOP.
*设置EXCEL中所插入的数据行边框线格式为黑色有边框
bod = tab.
CONDENSE bod NO-GAPS.
CONCATENATE 'A6:F' bod INTO bod.
PERFORM borderrange USING excel bod.
PERFORM sub_excel_save."保存excel数据
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Formsub_excel_save
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM sub_excel_save.
GET PROPERTY OF excel 'ActiveSheet' = sheet. “获取活动SHEET
FREE OBJECT sheet.
FREE OBJECT workbook.
GET PROPERTY OF excel 'ActiveWorkbook' = workbook.
CALL METHOD OF workbook 'SAVE'.
SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 1."是否显示EXCEL 此处显示不退出
* SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 1.
*CALL METHOD OF workbook 'CLOSE'.
*CALL METHOD OF excel 'QUIT'. 注释部分为不显示直接退出
FREE OBJECT sheet.
FREE OBJECT workbook.
FREE OBJECT excel.
ENDFORM. "save_book
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& 向excel中的指定行插入N行
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM excel_row_insert USING lcobj_sheet
lc_row
lc_count.
DATA lc_range TYPE ole2_object.
DATA h_bordersTYPE ole2_object.
DO lc_count TIMES.
CALL METHOD OF lcobj_sheet 'Rows' = lc_range
EXPORTING #1 = 6.
CALL METHOD OF lc_range 'Copy'.“COPY第6行插入一个新行
CALL METHOD OF lcobj_sheet 'Rows' = lc_range
EXPORTING #1 = lc_row.
CALL METHOD OF lc_range 'Insert'.
CALL METHOD OF lc_range 'ClearContents'. "是否需要清空Cell
ENDDO.
ENDFORM. "excel_row_insert
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Formfill_range
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text填充EXCEL 单元格
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->VALUE(F_ROW) text
* -->VALUE(F_COL) text
* -->VALUE(F_VALUE)text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM fill_range USING value(f_row)
value(f_col)
value(f_value).
DATA:
row TYPE i,
col TYPE i.
row = f_row.
col = f_col.
CALL METHOD OF excel 'CELLS' = cell
EXPORTING
#1 = row
#2 = col.
SET PROPERTY OF cell 'VALUE' = f_value.
ENDFORM. "fill_range
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Formborderrange
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text：设置EXCEL中所插入的数据行边框线格式
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* -->LCOBJ_EXCELtext
* -->RANGE text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM borderrange USING lcobj_excel
range .
DATA: lc_cell TYPE ole2_object ,
lc_borders TYPE ole2_object .
CALL METHOD OF lcobj_excel 'RANGE' = lc_cell
EXPORTING
#1 = range.
DO 4 TIMES .
CALL METHOD OF lc_cell 'BORDERS' = lc_borders
EXPORTING #1 = sy-index.
SET PROPERTY OF lc_borders 'LineStyle' = '1'.
SET PROPERTY OF lc_borders 'WEIGHT' = 2. "4=max
SET PROPERTY OF lc_borders 'ColorIndex' = '1'.
ENDDO.
FREE OBJECT lc_borders.
FREE OBJECT lc_cell.
ENDFORM. "borderrange
暂时只用到了这么多，还有ABAP设置EXCEL字体，对齐方式等功能。什么时候用到了再
做研究。希望对大家有所帮助。
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