OpenStack(kilo版本)计算服务Nova的安装部署
OpenStack计算服务是基础设施即服务（IaaS）系统的主要组成部分。OpenStack计算服务使用Keystone来执行其身份验证，使用Horizon作为其管理接口，并使用Glance提供其镜像服务。一、OpenStack 计算服务包含的组件图1.1. OpenStack Nova组件
二、OpenStack计算节点基本环境配置
1.配置主机名和网络信息
1.1配置主机名
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root@compute1:~# vim /etc/hostname
compute1
1.2 配置IP地址
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root@compute1:~# vim/etc/network/interfaces
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.100.102
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.100.2
1.3 配置名称解析hosts
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root@compute1:~# vim/etc/hosts
# controller
192.168.100.100controller
# network
192.168.100.101network
# compute1
192.168.100.102compute1
2.网络时间协议ntp
2.1 安装ntp服务器
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root@compute1:~#apt-get install ntp
2.2 配置/etc/ntp.conf 服务
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server controller iburst
2.3重启ntp服务
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root@compute1:~#/etc/init.d/ntp restart
3.系统升级更新
3.1 更新openstack 仓库源
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root@compute1:~#apt-get install ubuntu-cloud-keyring
root@compute1:~# vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudarchive-kilo.list
deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/kilo main
3.2升级软件包，如果升级过程中包含内核的升级，需要重启服务器。
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root@compute1:~#apt-get update
root@compute1:~#apt-get dist-upgrade
三、安装和配置控制节点下面介绍如何在控制节点上面安装和配置计算服务，即Nova。下面所有的操作步骤在控制节点上面操作。在安装和配置计算服务之前，必须先创建数据库、服务证书和API。1.1数据库配置1）创建数据库
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root@controller:~# mysql -uroot –p
MariaDB [(none)]> create database nova;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
2）给数据库授权
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MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'sfzhang1109';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sfzhang1109';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.27 sec)
3）退出数据库客户端
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MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
1.2 导入admin身份凭证以便执行管理命令
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root@controller:~# source admin-openrc.sh
1.3 创建服务证书1）创建nova用户（密码：nova）
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root@controller:~# openstack user create--password-prompt nova
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+----------+----------------------------------+
| Field |Value |
+----------+----------------------------------+
| email |None |
| enabled|True |
| id |44ccbfd3be744176b3650dc0eb24d5b8|
| name |nova |
| username | nova |
+----------+----------------------------------+
2）添加nova用户到admin角色
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root@controller:~#openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
+-------+----------------------------------+
|Field | Value |
+-------+----------------------------------+
|id | 05616505a61c4aa78f43fba9e60ba7fc|
|name| admin |
+-------+----------------------------------+
3）创建nova服务实体
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root@controller:~#openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStackCompute" compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
|Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
|description| OpenStack Compute |
|enabled | True |
|id |22b9948004934b169b0618c533e3a7e4|
|name | nova |
|type | compute |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
1.4创建nova服务的API endpoint
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root@controller:~#openstack endpoint create \
--publicurlhttp://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s \
--internalurl http://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s\
--adminurlhttp://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s \
--region RegionOne \
compute
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
|Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
|adminurl ||
|id |027bc91642794be6b1880e03b8dd5a92 |
|internalurl ||
|publicurl ||
|region | RegionOne |
|service_id |22b9948004934b169b0618c533e3a7e4 |
|service_name| nova |
|service_type| compute |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
四、安装和配置计算控制节点组件
下面所有的操作步骤在控制节点上面操作。
1.安装软件包
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root@controller:~#apt-get install nova-api nova-cert nova-conductor nova-consoleauth \
nova-novncproxy nova-scheduler python-novaclient
2.编辑nova /etc/nova/nova.conf配置文件
1）在部分配置数据库访问
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connection= mysql://nova:sfzhang1109@controller/nova
2）在和部分配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
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...
rpc_backend = rabbit
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = 2015OS##
这里的密码为rabbitmqctladd_user命令添加openstack用户的密码3) 在和部分配置身份认证服务
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...
auth_strategy= keystone
...
auth_uri= http://controller:5000
auth_url= http://controller:35357
auth_plugin= password
project_domain_id= default
user_domain_id= default
project_name= service
username= nova
password= nova
4) 在部分配置控制节点网络IP地址
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...
my_ip= 192.168.100.100
5) 在部分配置 VNC代理以使用控制节点的网络地址
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...
vncserver_listen =192.168.100.100
vncserver_proxyclient_address =192.168.100.100
6) 在部分配置镜像服务的位置
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...
host = controller
7）在部分，配置lock路径
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…
lock_path= /var/lib/nova/tmp
8）在段中开启详细日志配置，为后期的故障排除提供帮助
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...
log_dir=/var/log/nova
verbose = True
3.初始化nova数据库
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root@controller:~# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage dbsync" nova
2015-09-1814:09:42.462 5096 INFO migrate.versioning.api [-] 215 -> 216...
…
4.启动nova服务
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root@controller:~# service nova-api restart
root@controller:~# service nova-cert restart
root@controller:~# service nova-consoleauth restart
root@controller:~# service nova-scheduler restart
root@controller:~# service nova-conductor restart
root@controller:~# service nova-novncproxy restart
5.默认会创建SQLite数据库，因为使用的是MYSQL数据库，因此要删除QLite数据库文件
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root@controller:~# rm -f /var/lib/nova/nova.sqlite
四、安装和配置计算节点
这部分描述如何在一个计算节点上面安装和配置compute服务。这个服务支持一些hypervisors来部署实例或者虚拟机。
1.安装compute hypervisor组件
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root@compute1:~#apt-get install nova-compute sysfsutils
2.编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf配置文件
1）在和部分配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
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...
rpc_backend = rabbit
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = 2015OS##
这里的密码为rabbitmqctladd_user命令添加openstack用户的密码2）在和部分配置身份认证服务
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...
auth_strategy= keystone
...
auth_uri= http://controller:5000
auth_url= http://controller:35357
auth_plugin= password
project_domain_id= default
user_domain_id= default
project_name= service
username= nova
password= nova
3) 在部分配置控制节点网络IP地址
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...
my_ip= 192.168.100.100
4) 在部分启用和配置remote console 访问
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...
vnc_enabled = True
vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address = 192.168.100.102
novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html
5) 在部分配置镜像服务的位置
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host = controller
6）在部分，配置lock路径
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lock_path= /var/lib/nova/tmp
7）在段中开启详细日志配置，为后期的故障排除提供帮助
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...
log_dir=/var/log/nova
verbose = True
五、完成安装
1.验证计算机是否支持虚拟机硬件加速
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root@controller:~#egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
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如果这个命令返回 1或更大的值，说明计算节点支持硬件加速，不需要进行额外的配置。
如果这个命令返回的是 0，说明计算节点不支持硬件加速，必须进行下面的设置。
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设置libvirt使用QEMU 而不能使用KVM。
编辑文件/etc/nova/nova-compute.conf在
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virt_type = qemu
2.重启计算服务
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root@compute1:~# service nova-compute restart
3.默认会创建SQLite数据库，因为使用的是MYSQL数据库，因此要删除QLite数据库文件
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root@compute1:~#rm -f /var/lib/nova/nova.sqlite
六、OpenStack 计算节点nova验证操作
注意：验证操作在控制节点上面进行。
1.执行admin身份凭证
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root@controller:~#source admin-openrc.sh
2.列出服务组件来验证每个进程的成功创建和注册
下面显示四个服务在控制节点启用，一个服务在计算节点
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root@controller:~#nova service-list
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status| State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason |
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
|1 | nova-cert | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-09-24T06:46:42.000000 | - |
|2 | nova-consoleauth | controller |internal| enabled | up |2015-09-24T06:46:35.000000| - |
|3 | nova-scheduler | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-09-24T06:46:35.000000 | - |
|4 | nova-conductor | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-09-24T06:46:35.000000 | - |
|5 | nova-compute | compute1 | nova | enabled | up |2015-09-24T06:46:40.000000| - |
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
3.列出API endpoints在 Identity service核实身份验证连接服务
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root@controller:~#nova endpoints
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|keystone | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|id |2129b615198b4bcc8067b750a4edabb6|
|interface| public |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url |http://controller:5000/v2.0 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|keystone | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|id |426dd482fcb14c2bb4f65edeb9e23b77|
|interface| internal |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url |http://controller:5000/v2.0 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|keystone | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|id | 8b0de58ca9994bb8a4f576443ec92f9b |
|interface| admin |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url |http://controller:35357/v2.0 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
|nova | Value |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
|id |5dd845c869994633a866cd8612cee27b |
|interface| admin |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url |http://controller:8774/v2/d04d4985d62f42e2af2ddc35f442ffd9|
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
|nova | Value |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
|id | adfbb3d19a504d3098757b6303818d8d |
|interface| public |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url |http://controller:8774/v2/d04d4985d62f42e2af2ddc35f442ffd9|
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
|nova | Value |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
|id |c05aa31990d948f0b44b5e6c5868c0cd |
|interface| internal |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url ||
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|glance | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|id |74a9ff79e8a8430b9ed467e10465a93d|
|interface| public |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url | http://controller:9292 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|glance | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|id |c397966e81874832aaaef103ad7e2dff|
|interface| admin |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url | http://controller:9292 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|glance | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
|id | f63ad1c91cdb43ed9841b91b4aa543e1 |
|interface| internal |
|region | RegionOne |
|region_id| RegionOne |
|url | http://controller:9292 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
4.列出镜像在 Image service 目录验证连接 Image service
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root@controller:~#nova image-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+
|ID |Name | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+
|df54ff49-b167-4fed-987a-0ade3cbc9aca| cirros-0.3.4-x86_64 | ACTIVE | |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+--------+
备注：1）OpenStack官方文档： http://docs.openstack.org/kilo/install-guide/install/apt/content/
2）控制节点nova.conf完整的配置文件
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dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf
dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge
log_dir=/var/log/nova
state_path=/var/lib/nova
lock_path=/var/lock/nova
force_dhcp_release=True
libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=True
verbose=True
ec2_private_dns_show_ip=True
api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
enabled_apis=ec2,osapi_compute,metadata
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 192.168.100.100
vncserver_listen = 192.168.100.100
vncserver_proxyclient_address = 192.168.100.100
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = 2015OS##
connection = mysql://nova:sfzhang1109@controller/nova
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
host = controller
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
3）计算节点nova.conf完整的配置文件
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dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf
dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge
log_dir=/var/log/nova
state_path=/var/lib/nova
lock_path=/var/lock/nova
force_dhcp_release=True
libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges=True
verbose=True
ec2_private_dns_show_ip=True
api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
enabled_apis=ec2,osapi_compute,metadata
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 192.168.100.100
vnc_enabled = True
vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address = 192.168.100.102
novncproxy_base_url =
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = 2015OS##
auth_strategy = keystone
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
host = controller
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
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