SharePoint 2010--为WebPart创建自定义属性
通过为web part创建自定义属性，我们可以通过改变web part的属性实现web part在页面上的动态显示。这些属性存储在数据库中，可以在页面加载的时候进行重用。接下来创建的web part将会显示Address，web part提供自定义属性可以供SharePoint 的用户进行修改。我们有一些简单的地址信息如name，street，zip code和city。
[*]创建项目
打开Visual Studio，创建一个Visual Web Part project，命名为Example.AddressWebPart。
删除默认的Visual Web Part：“VisualWebPart1”
添加一个Visual Web Part， 命名为Address
打开Features文件夹，双击Feature1，改变feature名字为Address Feature，
为了使得web part在SharePoint上有一个很好的描述，我们可以对配置信息做一些小的改动：双击Address.webpart文件在Address文件夹中，改变web part的描述信息：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<webParts>
<webPart xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WebPart/v3">
<metaData>
<type name="Images.Address.Address, $SharePoint.Project.AssemblyFullName$" />
<importErrorMessage>$Resources:core,ImportErrorMessage;</importErrorMessage>
</metaData>
<data>
<properties>
<property name="Title" type="string">Address</property>
<property name="Description" type="string">Displays a personalizable address on the screen</property>
</properties>
</data>
</webPart>
</webParts>
我们也可以改变web part的category，例如改变category为“Utilities”web part就会在名字为Utilities的group中，打开Elements.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Elements xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/" >
<Module Name="Address" List="113" Url="_catalogs/wp">
<File Path="Address\Address.webpart" Url="Address.webpart" Type="GhostableInLibrary" >
<Property Name="Group" Value="Utilities" />
</File>
</Module>
</Elements>
[*]自定义web part
首先，添加我们需要的属性到Address.cs文件中，Personalizable告诉Web Part framework去存储属性到数据库中，WebBrowsable属性高数web part framework在web part的编辑区显示属性：
namespace Images.Address
{
public class Address : WebPart
{
// Visual Studio might automatically update this path when you change the Visual Web Part project item.
private const string _ascxPath = @"~/_CONTROLTEMPLATES/Images/Address/AddressUserControl.ascx";
public String Firstname { get; set; }
public String Lastname { get; set; }
public String Street { get; set; }
public int Zip { get; set; }
public String City { get; set; }
protected override void CreateChildControls()
{
Control control = Page.LoadControl(_ascxPath);
Controls.Add(control);
}
}
}
现在我们可以查看web part在SharePoint中的显示结果，deploy当前的solution,添加创建的web part到一个SharePoint 的page上，点击“Edit Web Part”，我们可以看到定义的属性在“miscellaneous”下面，如图所示：
尝试在文本框中出入一些值，web part framework将会存储这些值到数据库中，并关联到web part。然而在web part中没有显示，我们需要添加control到“AddressUserControl.ascx”，添加control之前，对“AddressUserControl.ascx.cs”文件做如下修改：
public partial class AddressUserControl : UserControl
{
public Address WebPart { get; set; }
}
然后点击“Address.cs”文件，编辑CreateChildControls事件：
protected override void CreateChildControls()
{
Control control = Page.LoadControl(_ascxPath);
if (control != null)
{
((AddressUserControl)control).WebPart = this;
}
Controls.Add(control);
}
通过上述代码的改变，我们告诉AddressUserControl去填充在web part配置时的属性。这样我们就可以进入到在Address.cs文件中定义的属性。
最后添加control到AddressUserControl.ascx文件：
<%@ Assembly Name="$SharePoint.Project.AssemblyFullName$" %>
<%@ Assembly Name="Microsoft.Web.CommandUI, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" %>
<%@ Register Tagprefix="SharePoint" Namespace="Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls" Assembly="Microsoft.SharePoint, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" %>
<%@ Register Tagprefix="Utilities" Namespace="Microsoft.SharePoint.Utilities" Assembly="Microsoft.SharePoint, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" %>
<%@ Register Tagprefix="asp" Namespace="System.Web.UI" Assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="Microsoft.SharePoint" %>
<%@ Register Tagprefix="WebPartPages" Namespace="Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages" Assembly="Microsoft.SharePoint, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" %>
<%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="AddressUserControl.ascx.cs" Inherits="Images.Address.AddressUserControl" %>
<asp:Label ID="lblFirstname" runat="server" style="font-weight: 700" ></asp:Label> <asp:Label
ID="lblLastname" runat="server" style="font-weight: 700" ></asp:Label>
<br />
<br />
<asp:Label ID="lblStreet" runat="server" ></asp:Label>
<br />
<asp:Label ID="lblZip" runat="server" ></asp:Label> - <asp:Label ID="lblCity" runat="server" ></asp:Label>
添加Prerender事件到AddressUserControls.ascx.cs文件：
protected override void OnPreRender(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnPreRender(e);
if (this.WebPart != null)
{
this.lblFirstname.Text = this.WebPart.Firstname;
this.lblLastname.Text = this.WebPart.Lastname;
this.lblStreet.Text = this.WebPart.Street;
this.lblZip.Text = this.WebPart.Zip.ToString();
this.lblCity.Text = this.WebPart.City;
}
}
Deploy当前的solution，添加web part到一个SharePoint page上，修改它的属性，结果显示如下：
页:
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