Xen 虚拟机的使用：启动、关闭、暂停、回复、重启、进入终端 等
Xen 虚拟机的使用(一) 使用虚拟机配置文件和磁盘文件来手动启动虚拟机系统
创建完虚拟机系统后虚拟系统会启动起来，使用xm list 命令能查看到启动的所有虚拟机， 但我们下次重新启动系统后，使用xm list 将不能看到创建的虚拟机， 网络设备中也不能看到虚拟机对应的网络设备。此时我们需要根据创建虚拟机时产生的配置文件和磁盘文件来手动启动虚拟机系统。
# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 4936 8 r----- 173.4
# ifconfig 查看网络设备
eth1 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:E0:81:C0:52:85
inet addr:10.10.113.14Bcast:10.10.255.255Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:81ff:fec0:5285/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:13405 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3144 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1701456 (1.6 MiB)TX bytes:7347870 (7.0 MiB)
Interrupt:251 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:23680 (23.1 KiB)TX bytes:23680 (23.1 KiB)
virbr0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet addr:192.168.122.1Bcast:192.168.122.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:142 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:122 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:15472 (15.1 KiB)TX bytes:16625 (16.2 KiB)
我们每创建一个虚拟机系统，就会产生两个文件：一个是虚拟机磁盘文件vm01-centos-5.5-pv.img 和一个虚拟机配置文件/etc/xen/vm01-CentOS-5.5，配置文件内容如下：
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name = "vm01-CentOS-5.5"虚拟机名称
uuid = "0283f36d-c95a-521b-737d-e400ca657029"
maxmem = 1024 最大内存
memory = 1024 虚拟机内存
vcpus = 4cpu个数
bootloader = "/usr/bin/pygrub"
on_poweroff = "destroy"
on_reboot = "restart"
on_crash = "restart"
disk = [ "tap:aio:/local/Xen_zkl/vm01-CentOS-5.5/vm01-CentOS-5.5.img,xvda,w" ] 磁盘文件
vif = [ "mac=00:16:36:40:43:85,bridge=virbr0,script=vif-bridge" ]网络设备
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# xm create /etc/xen/vm01-CentOS-5.5 使用配置文件创建一个域
Using config file "/etc/xen/vm01-CentOS-5.5".
Started domain vm01-CentOS-5.5
若启动时出错，则参考 安装Xen、创建Xen虚拟机、使用Xen虚拟机过程中经常出现的错误总结
# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 6984 8 r----- 167.7
vm01-CentOS-5.5 1 1024 4 -b---- 0.6 创建的域的ID为1
# xm create /etc/xen/vm02-CentOS-5.5-full
Using config file "/etc/xen/vm02-CentOS-5.5-full".
Started domain vm02-CentOS-5.5-full
# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 4936 8 r----- 173.4
vm01-CentOS-5.5 1 1023 4 r----- 11.4
vm02-CentOS-5.5-full 2 2048 4 -b---- 0.8 创建的域的ID为2
# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 4936 8 r----- 182.8
vm01-CentOS-5.5 3 1023 4 -b---- 19.6
vm02-CentOS-5.5-full 4 2047 4 -b---- 34.4
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
启动虚拟机后，相应的网络设备也添加了。
# ifconfig查看网络设备
eth1 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:E0:81:C0:52:85
inet addr:10.10.113.14Bcast:10.10.255.255Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:81ff:fec0:5285/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:13758 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3307 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1741480 (1.6 MiB)TX bytes:7373148 (7.0 MiB)
Interrupt:251 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:23680 (23.1 KiB)TX bytes:23680 (23.1 KiB)
vif1.0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF domain1 的网络设备
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:15 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)TX bytes:4628 (4.5 KiB)
vif2.0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF domain 2 的网络设备
UP BROADCAST MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
virbr0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet addr:192.168.122.1Bcast:192.168.122.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:142 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:122 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:15472 (15.1 KiB)TX bytes:16625 (16.2 KiB)
(二) xm 命令详解
xm console <域ID> # 从宿主机进入虚拟机的终端，退出时按 ctrl + ]
xm reboot <域ID> # 重新启动虚拟机
xm pause <域ID> #暂停虚拟机
xm resume <域ID> # 恢复被暂停的虚拟机
xm shutdown <域ID> # 关闭 domain
(二)相关工具
virt-manager创建、删除、修改虚拟机
virt-viewer显示安装了图形界面的虚拟机的界面 ，例如 virt-viewer <domain-id>
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