CentOS7 安装 使用 Docker
CentOS 7 中 Docker 的安装# yum install docker
# systemctlstart docker
# systemctlenable docker
docker很多官方源：http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1435671611966.html#_label4
但使用起来很多限制：系统版本，命令，
下载官方的 CentOS 镜像到本地
docker pull centos
Pulling repository centos
192178b11d36: Download complete
70441cac1ed5: Download complete
ae0c2d0bdc10: Download complete
511136ea3c5a: Download complete
5b12ef8fd570: Download complete
# docker images centos
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
docker.io/centos latest 7322fbe74aa5 9 weeks ago 172.2 MB
运行一个centosDocker 容器：
# docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash
#
我们可以看到，CentOS 容器已经被启动，并且我们得到了 bash 提示符。在 docker 命令中我们使用了 “-i 捕获标准输入输出”和 “-t 分配一个终端或控制台”选项。若要断开与容器的连接，输入 exit。
运行一个ubuntu Docker 容器：
# docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash
使用第一个容器：
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)
# hostname
45020b088fcd
# cat /etc/hosts
172.17.0.1 45020b088fcd
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:1/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
# ps -aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 10.00.1117441912 ? Ss 11:05 0:00 /bin/bash
root 790.00.0197641244 ? R+ 13:24 0:00 ps -aux
退出容器
# exit
exit
#
显示所有容器的列表（停止或运行的）
# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
45020b088fcd centos "/bin/bash" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes nostalgic_ptolemy
1a172adbc4ae centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago cocky_brattain
e7a9a701b2ae ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago thirsty_hopper
a691456feccd ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago cranky_noyce
2e795b2ea988 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago thirsty_elion
94ab5a5ac359 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago serene_babbage
6e485094bfdb centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago happy_davinci
显示最后一个容器（运行或停止的）
# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
45020b088fcd centos "/bin/bash" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes nostalgic_ptolemy
显示当前正在运行容器的列表
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
45020b088fcd centos "/bin/bash" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes nostalgic_ptolemy
容器命名：
# docker run --name phpapp_comtainer -i -t centos /bin/bash
重启启动已停止的容器：
# docker start phpapp_comtainer 容器名或者重启ID
phpapp_comtainer
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e94f6675975f centos "/bin/bash" 16 minutes ago Up 8 seconds phpapp_comtainer
45020b088fcd centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours nostalgic_ptolemy
进入shell:
# docker attach e94f6675975f
回车
exit
查看日志：
# docker logs e94f6675975f
监控日志：
# docker logs -f e94f6675975f
查看最后10条：
# docker logs --tail 10 45020b088fcd
查看最新日志：
# docker logs --tail 0 -f 45020b088fcd
查看容器内的进程：
# docker top 45020b088fcd
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 2823 1380 0 19:05 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/bash
深入容器：
# docker inspect 45020b088fcd
[
{
"Id": "45020b088fcd383b43f223d481958f63b17a5c4f781c0ce0f571f0579f1acb72",
"Created": "2015-08-24T11:05:01.708076873Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 2823,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2015-08-24T11:05:02.631860391Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "7322fbe74aa5632b33a400959867c8ac4290e9c5112877a7754be70cfe5d66e9",
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
。。。。
删除容器：
# docker rm 94ab5a5ac359
94ab5a5ac359
# docker rm `docker ps -a -q` 删除所有容器
使用docker的镜相和仓库
拉取镜像：
# docker pull centos:7.0.1406 （指定版本号拉取）
7.0.1406: Pulling from docker.io/centos
feb2761601e7: Pull complete
f1b10cd84249: Already exists
Digest: sha256:c7b891ec033c2cd69b09f1e62c9749302961f941145802527afebaad3ed1e0d2
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:7.0.1406
镜像列表：
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
docker.io/ubuntu latest 91e54dfb1179 3 days ago 188.3 MB
docker.io/centos latest 7322fbe74aa5 9 weeks ago 172.2 MB
docker.io/centos 7.0.1406 feb2761601e7 4 months ago 210.2 MB
使用镜像：
# docker run -i -t --name phpapp_container centos:7.0.1406 /bin/bash （不带版本号会使用latest版本）
Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Either use `--storage-opt dm.thinpooldev` or use `--storage-opt dm.no_warn_on_loop_devices=true` to suppress this warning.
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)
创建守护进程式容器：
# docker run -i -t --name daemon_dave -d centos:7.0.1406 /bin/sh
f6d9dcc6f9dc4ba480dcc108d74be631fbc20e10e90fc6a50434a84cb528ef83
构建镜像：
commit方式
到https://hub.docker.com/注册帐号
# docker login
Username: jane1989
Password:
Email: 363394@qq.com
Error response from daemon: Login: Account is not Active. Please check your e-mail for a confirmation link.
快去邮箱验证一下就ok了，不过有时会time out，谁让不在china呢
# docker login
Username: jane1989
Password:
Email: 363394@qq.com
WARNING: login credentials saved in /root/.docker/config.json
Login Succeeded
# cat /root/.docker/config.json
{
"auths": {
"https://index.docker.io/v1/": {
"auth": "amFuZTE5ODk6MTIzNDU2",
"email": "363394@qq.com"
}
}
}#
用docker 的commit命令创建镜像：每次提交容器与当前差异部分，比较轻量
# docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash
在容器里装web服务：
# yum install -y epel-release
# yum install -y nginx
然后退出提交：
# exit
exit
# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cde154b23ed2 centos "/bin/bash" 17 minutes ago Exited (130) 6 seconds ago tender_goodall
# docker commit -m="A new custom image" --author="Jane" cde154b23ed2 jane1989/nginx:V1
bb7080648d9a998f2e4e06d45aff741e7f8d177037302d430b448ab1ecd918fd
使用我们刚建的镜像：
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
jane1989/nginx V1 bb7080648d9a About a minute ago 313.3 MB
jane/static_web v1 56d3b8dd0faa 56 minutes ago 210.2 MB
docker.io/ubuntu latest 91e54dfb1179 4 days ago 188.3 MB
docker.io/centos latest 7322fbe74aa5 9 weeks ago 172.2 MB
docker.io/centos 7.0.1406 feb2761601e7 4 months ago 210.2 MB
# docker run -t -i jane1989/nginx:V1 /bin/bash
推送镜像：
# docker commit -m="A new custom image" --author="Jane" cde154b23ed2 jane1989/nginx:V1^C
# docker push nginx:V1（报错：带上用户名，因为默认是root 帐号，而那是官方帐号）
Error response from daemon: You cannot push a "root" repository. Please rename your repository to <user>/<repo> (ex: jane1989/nginx)
# docker push jane1989/nginx:V1
Dockerfile方式
vi Dockerfile
FROM mysql:5.6
docker build -t eva/mysql ./mysql
删除镜像:
# docker rmi jane1989/nginx:V1
批量删除：# docker rmi `docker images -a -q`
打包镜像：
运行容器：docker run -t -i -d -p 50001:22 -p 80:80--name=nginx6 jane1989/nginx:V1 /bin/bash
exit
生成新镜像
# docker commit -m "test image" --author="jane" 3f2e8e42d52f jane1989/nginx:V2
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
jane1989/nginx V2 fb1f2c3c59a4 6 minutes ago 353 MB
jane1989/nginx V1 bb7080648d9a 23 hours ago 313.3 MB
打包
# docker save fb1f2c3c59a4 >/root/nginx:V2.tar
# ll /root/nginx\:V2.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 363127296 8?26 23:01 /root/nginx:V2.tar
在另外的机器上导入镜像（如果是测试，可以把当前机器的镜像删除，然后导入）
# docker load < /root/nginx\:V2.tar
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
<none> <none> fb1f2c3c59a4 14 minutes ago 353 MB
给镜像重新打上标签
# docker tag fb1f2c3c59a4 jane1989/nginx:V2
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
jane1989/nginx V2 fb1f2c3c59a4 17 minutes ago 353 MB
# docker run -t -i -p 80:80 --name nginx1 jane1989/nginx:V2
# /usr/sbin/nginx
使用官方镜像：
安装pip
wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/pypa/pip/archive/1.5.5.tar.gz
注意：wget获取https的时候要加上：--no-check-certificate
tar zvxf 1.5.5.tar.gz #解压文件
cd pip-1.5.5/
python setup.py install
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