MongoDB Spring集成Mongo
MongoDB 是一个可扩展的、高性能的、开源的NoSQL数据库，跟传统的数据库不一样，MongoDB并不是将数据存储在表中，他将数据结构化为一个类似于JSON的文档中。这篇文章就是展示如何使用Java基于MongoDB和SpringData创建一个CRUD应用。
Spring Data for MongoDB
Spring Data for MongoDB提供了一个类似于基于Sping编程模型的NoSQL数据存储。Spring Data for MongoDB提供了很多特性，它使很多MongoDB的Java开发者解放了很多。MongoTemplate helper类支持通用的Mongo操作。它整合了文档和POJO之间的对象映射。通常，他会转换数据库访问异常到Spring中的异常结构。使用起来非常的方便。
这里用到的是spring-data中一个集成mongodb的项目，首先在maven中添加对它的依赖
<!-- mongodb spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
Spring Data创建一个应用
1、使用@Document注解指明一个领域对象将被持久化到MongoDB中。@Id注解identifies
package com.spring.momgo;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
/**
* @author LiangGe
* @Document - 把一个java类声明为mongodb的文档
*/
@Document
public class Tree {
@Id
private String id;
private String name;
private String category;
private int age;
public Tree(String id, String name, int age) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getCategory() {
return category;
}
public void setCategory(String category) {
this.category = category;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
+ ", category=" + category + "]";
}
}
2、创建一个简单的接口。创建一个简单的接口，这个接口带有CRUD方法。这里我还带有createCollection方法和dropCollection方法
package com.spring.momgo;
import java.util.List;
import com.mongodb.WriteResult;
public interface Repository<T> {
public List<T> getAllObjects();
public void saveObject(T object);
public T getObject(String id);
public WriteResult updateObject(String id, String name);
public void deleteObject(String id);
public void createCollection();
public void dropCollection();
}
3、创建一个指定的领域对象CRUD的实现
package com.spring.momgo;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;
import com.mongodb.WriteResult;
public class TreeManRepositoryImpl implements Repository<TreeMan>{
MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
public void setMongoTemplate(MongoTemplate mongoTemplate) {
this.mongoTemplate = mongoTemplate;
}
@Override
public List<TreeMan> getAllObjects() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return mongoTemplate.findAll(TreeMan.class);
}
@Override
public void saveObject(TreeMan treeMan) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mongoTemplate.insert(treeMan);
}
@Override
public TreeMan getObject(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return mongoTemplate.findOne(new Query(Criteria.where("id").is(id)),
TreeMan.class);
}
@Override
public WriteResult updateObject(String id, String name) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return mongoTemplate.updateFirst(
new Query(Criteria.where("id").is(id)),
Update.update("name", name), TreeMan.class);
}
@Override
public void deleteObject(String id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mongoTemplate
.remove(new Query(Criteria.where("id").is(id)), TreeMan.class);
}
@Override
public void createCollection() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (!mongoTemplate.collectionExists(TreeMan.class)) {
mongoTemplate.createCollection(TreeMan.class);
}
}
@Override
public void dropCollection() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (mongoTemplate.collectionExists(TreeMan.class)) {
mongoTemplate.dropCollection(TreeMan.class);
}
}
}
4、创建Spring context。将所有spring beans和mongodb对象都声明在Spring context文件中，这里创建的是spring-mongo.xml文件。注意到我们并没有创建一个叫做"springmongo"的数据库。在第一次存储数据的时候MongoDB将会为我们创建这个数据库
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd ">
<!-- Activate annotation configured components -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- mongo的工厂，通过它来取得mongo实例,dbname为mongodb的数据库名，没有的话会自动创建 -->
<bean id="mongo" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoFactoryBean">
<property name="host" value="localhost" />
<property name="port" value="27017" />
</bean>
<!-- mongodb的主要操作对象，所有对mongodb的增删改查的操作都是通过它完成 -->
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
<constructor-arg name="mongo" ref="mongo" />
<constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="SpringMongo" />
</bean>
<bean id="treeRepositoryImpl" class="com.spring.momgo.TreeRepositoryImpl">
<property name="mongoTemplate" ref="mongoTemplate" />
</bean>
<bean id="treeManRepositoryImpl" class="com.spring.momgo.TreeManRepositoryImpl">
<property name="mongoTemplate" ref="mongoTemplate" />
</bean>
<!-- Scan components for annotations within the configured package -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.momgo">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration" />
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
5、创建一个测试类。这里创建了一个测试类，并通过ClassPathXmlApplicationContext来初始化
package com.spring.momgo;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MongoTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"spring-mongo.xml");
// getBean(),NatureRepositoryImpl instance
Repository repository = context.getBean(TreeRepositoryImpl.class);
// cleanup collection before insertion
repository.dropCollection();
// create collection
repository.createCollection();
// save apple tree doc
repository.saveObject(new Tree("1", "Apple Tree", 5));
System.out.println("1. " + repository.getAllObjects());
repository.saveObject(new Tree("2", "Orange Tree", 3));
System.out.println("2. " + repository.getAllObjects());
System.out.println("Tree with id 1" + repository.getObject("1"));
repository.updateObject("1", "Peach Tree");
System.out.println("3. " + repository.getAllObjects());
repository.deleteObject("2");
System.out.println("4. " + repository.getAllObjects());
}
}
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