CentOS 6.0 配置LVS(DR)+KeepAlived+nginx--- (2)
七、Master安装步骤：1、安装ipvsadm 和 KeepAlived for Master
#mkdir /soft
#cd /soft
# wgethttp://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
# wgethttp://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz
#ln -s/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-71.el6.i686/ /usr/src/linux
# tar -zxvfipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
# cd ipvsadm-1.24
# make;makeinstall
# cd ..
# tar -zxvfkeepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz
# cd keepalived-1.1.17
# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
#make;make install
顺利的话就这些步骤了，如果出现错误提示，那么根据具体的错误具体处理，一般可能出现的错误：
1）、OpenSSL，提示可能如下
!!! OpenSSL is not properly installed onyour system. !!!
!!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.
解决方案：运行yum -y installopenssl-devel
2）、提示没有gcc编译器
解决方案：运行yum installncurses-devel gcc gcc-c++ make rpm-build
2、配置keepalived forMaster
# cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived
# cp/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
# cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
# mkdir -p/etc/keepalived/
# cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
# chmod +x/etc/init.d/keepalived
# gedit/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
或是
# vi/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
keepalived.conf文件如下：
#Master服务器上的配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
notification_email {
likx@****.com #可以多个地址
}
notification_email_from likx@****.com
smtp_server 192.168.0.**
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
#监测ipvsadm进程状态，每3秒执行一次
vrrp_script chk_ipvsadm{
script "/usr/local/keepalived/chk_ipvsadm.sh"
interval 3
weight 3
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #标示状态为MASTER 备份机为BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #MASTER权重要高于BACKUP 比如BACKUP为99
advert_int 5
mcast_src_ip 192.168.20.101 #Master服务器IP，如果是备份机请填写备份机的IP
authentication {
auth_type PASS #主从服务器验证方式
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.20.99 #虚拟IP
}
}
#虚拟服务器 21端口的配置
virtual_server 192.168.20.99 21 {
delay_loop 10 #(每隔10秒查询realserver状态)
lb_algo rr #(lvs 算法)
lb_kind DR #(DirectRoute)
persistence_timeout 60 #(同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台realserver)
protocol TCP #(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)
#实际服务器的IP和端口
real_server 192.168.20.102 21 {
weight5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
connect_port 21
}
}
#实际服务器的IP和端口
real_server 192.168.20.100 21 {
weight5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
connect_port 21
}
}
#实际服务器的IP和端口
real_server 192.168.20.101 21 {
weight5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
connect_port 21
}
}
}
#虚拟服务器 80端口的配置
virtual_server 192.168.20.99 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.20.102 80 {
weight5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.20.100 80 {
weight5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.20.101 80 {
weight5
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
connect_port 80
}
}
}
}
keepAlived使用方式：
/etc/init.d/keepalived start|stop|restart
/usr/local/keepalived/chk_ipvsadm.sh文件内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
#
# author: likexi
# description:
# 定时查看ipvsadm是否存在，如果不存在则启动ipvsadm，
# 如果启动失败，则停止keepalived
#
status=$(ps aux|grep ipvsadm | grep -v grep| grep -v bash | wc -l)
if [ "${status}" = "0"]; then
service ipvsadm start
status2=$(ps aux|grep ipvsadm | grep -v grep | grep -v bash |wc -l)
if [ "${status2}" = "0"]; then
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi
fi
3、配置ipvsadm for Master
把一下内容保存成:lvs_server.sh，并放置在/etc/init.d目录下
#!/bin/bash
#把一下内容保存成:lvs_server.sh
#并放置在/etc/init.d目录下
#如果想启动LVS Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.shstart
#如果想停止LVS Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.shstop
#如果想重启LVS Server执行:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.shrestart
VIP=192.168.20.99 #虚拟IP，更具具体情况而变
#有几个输入几个，与下面的配置对应，同时必须与KeepAlived.config配置对应
RIP1=192.168.20.101 #实际的服务器IP
RIP2=192.168.20.100 #实际的服务器IP
RIP2=192.168.20.102 #实际的服务器IP
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # 如果提示权限不够，那么先在命令行执行: chmod 777 /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
echo "启动LVS服务器" #设置虚拟IP和同步参数
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 $VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up #此处的netmask不能使用其他地址
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
#清空 IPVS的内存数据
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
#设置LVS
#开启FTP 21 端口服务，并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:21 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP1:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP2:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP3:21 -g
#开启WEB 80 端口服务，并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:80 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP1:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r$RIP2:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP3:80 -g
#运行LVS
/sbin/ipvsadm -ln
;;
stop)
echo "关闭LVS服务器"
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 down
;;
restart)
echo "关闭LVS服务器"
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 down
echo "启动LVS服务器"
#设置虚拟IP和同步参数
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 $VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up #此处的netmask不能使用其他地址
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
#清空 IPVS的内存数据
/sbin/ipvsadm -C
#设置LVS
#开启FTP 21 端口服务，并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:21 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP1:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP2:21 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:21 -r $RIP3:21 -g
#开启WEB 80 端口服务，并指向RIP1和RIP2的服务器
/sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:80 -s rr
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP1:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP2:80 -g
/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP3:80 -g
#运行LVS
/sbin/ipvsadm -ln
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh使用方法
# chmod 777/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh
# chmod 777/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
#/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh start|stop|restart
到这里为止，Master配置完成。
八、Backup安装步骤：
Backup的安装和Master的安装基本一致，只是一些参数略有变化。
变化的参数为止如下：
1、keepalived.conf文件中
原：state MASTER #标示状态为MASTER 备份机为BACKUP
state BACKUP#标示状态改为BACKUP
原：priority 100 #MASTER权重要高于BACKUP 比如BACKUP为99
priority 99 #MASTER权重要高于BACKUP，MASTER为100，那么BACKUP略小于，比如99
原：mcast_src_ip 192.168.20.101 #Master服务器IP，如果是备份机请填写备份机的IP
mcast_src_ip 192.168.20.100#换成BACKUP服务器IP
九、RealServer配置步骤：
RealServer只需要在root目录下创建lvs_real_server.sh文件，并执行他一遍即可，lvs_real_server.sh的文件内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
#把一下内容保存成:lvs_real_server.sh
#并放置在root目录下
#如果想启动real Server执行:/root/lvs_real_server.shstart
#如果想停止real Server执行:/root/lvs_real_server.shstop
CLUSTER_VIP=192.168.20.99 #虚拟IP，更具具体情况而变
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # 如果提示权限不够，那么先在命令行执行: chmod 777 /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $CLUSTER_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast$CLUSTER_VIP #此处的netmask不能使用其他地址
/sbin/route add -host $CLUSTER_VIP dev lo:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "真实服务器启动....."
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/sbin/route del $CLUSTER_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "真实服务器停止....."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
/root/lvs_real_server.sh使用方法
# chmod 777/root/lvs_real_server.sh
# chmod 777/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# /root/lvs_real_server.shstart|stop|restart
十、配置web服务器：
在三台服务器上分别配置nginx服务器作为lvs集群系统的web服务器。分别修改每个nginx的index.html页面，使每台服务器上的起始页面可以容易分辨。具体做法请参照网络教程。
十一、LVS群集系统维护命令：
1、ipvsadm维护
启动：/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh start
停止：/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh stop
重启：/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh restart
2、keepAlived维护
启动：/etc/init.d/keepalived start
停止：/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
重启：/etc/init.d/keepalived restart
3、real server 维护
启动：/root/lvs_real_server.sh start
停止：/root/lvs_real_server.sh stop
十二、验证：
1、首先依次开启每个服务器上的各服务：
/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh start
/etc/init.d/keepalived start /root/lvs_real_server.sh start
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx start #nginx服务器启动
2、浏览器页面输入 http://192.168.20.99
3、关闭master、backup，看看页面每次是否都会切换。
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