ZooKeeper Installation
来源：https://ccp.cloudera.com/display/CDHDOC/ZooKeeper+Installation#ZooKeeperInstallation-InstallingtheZooKeeperServerPackageContents
[*]UpgradingZooKeeper to the Latest CDH3 Release
[*]Performinga ZooKeeper Rolling Upgrade
[*]Installingthe ZooKeeper Packages
[*]Installingthe ZooKeeper Base Package
[*]Installingthe ZooKeeper Server Package and Starting ZooKeeper on a Single Server
[*]InstallingZooKeeper in a Production Environment
[*]Settingup Supervisory Process for the ZooKeeper Server
[*]Maintaininga ZooKeeper Server
[*]Viewingthe ZooKeeper Documentation
Apache ZooKeeper is a highly reliable and available service that provides coordination between distributed processes.
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From the Apache ZooKeeper site:"ZooKeeper is a high-performance coordination service for distributed applications. It exposes common services — such as naming, configuration management, synchronization, and group services - in a simple interface so you don't have to write them from scratch.You can use it off-the-shelf to implement consensus, group management, leader election, and presence protocols. And you can build on it for your own, specific needs."
To learn more about Apache ZooKeeper, visit http://zookeeper.apache.org/.
Upgrading ZooKeeper to the Latest CDH3 Release
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To see which version of ZooKeeper is shipping in the latest CDH3 release, check the Versionand Packaging Information. For important information on new and changed components, see the ReleaseNotes.Cloudera recommends that you use a rolling upgrade process to upgrade ZooKeeper: that is, upgrade one server in the ZooKeeper ensemble at a time. This means bringing down each server in turn, upgrading the software, then restarting the server.The server will automatically rejoin the quorum, update its internal state with the current ZooKeeper leader, and begin serving client sessions.
This method allows you to upgrade ZooKeeper without any interruption in the service, and also lets you monitor the ensemble as the upgrade progresses, and roll back if necessary if you run into problems.
The instructions that follow assume that you are upgrading ZooKeeper as part of an upgrade to the latest CDH3 release, and have already performed the steps under UpgradingCDH3.
Performing a ZooKeeper Rolling Upgrade
Follow these steps to perform a rolling upgrade.
Step 1: Stop the ZooKeeper Server on the First Node
To stop the ZooKeeper server:
$sudo /sbin/service hadoop-zookeeper-server stopor
$sudo /sbin/service hadoop-zookeeper stopdepending on the platform and release.
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You must shut down the ZooKeeper. If ZooKeeper is running during the upgrade, the new version will not work correctly.Step 2: Install the ZooKeeper Base Package on the First Node
See Installing the ZooKeeper Base Package.
Step 3: Install the ZooKeeper Server Package on the First Node
See Installing the ZooKeeper Server Package.
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Do not try to start the server yet.Step 4: Re-enable the Server
Because of a packaging problem in earlier releases, you need to re-enable the server manually after upgrading ZooKeeper from CDH3 Update 1 or earlier to the latest CDH3 release:
$sudo /sbin/chkconfig --add hadoop-zookeeper-serverStep 5: Restart the Server
See Installing the ZooKeeper Server Package for instructionson starting the server.
The upgrade is now complete on this server and you can proceed to the next.
Step 6: Upgrade the Remaining Nodes
Repeat Steps 1-5 above on each of the remaining nodes.
The ZooKeeper upgrade is now complete.
Installing the ZooKeeper Packages
There are two ZooKeeper server packages:
[*]The hadoop-zookeeper base package provides the basic libraries and scripts that are necessary to run ZooKeeper servers and clients. The documentation is also included inthis package.
[*]The hadoop-zookeeper-server package contains the init.d scripts necessary to run ZooKeeper as a daemon process. Because hadoop-zookeeper-server dependson hadoop-zookeeper, installing the server package automatically installs the base package.
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If you have not already done so, install Cloudera's yum, zypper/YaST or apt repository before using the following commands to install ZooKeeper. For instructions, see CDH3Installation.Installing the ZooKeeper Base Package
To install ZooKeeper on Ubuntu and other Debian systems:
$sudo apt-get install hadoop-zookeeper
To install ZooKeeper On Red Hat-compatible systems:
$sudo yum install hadoop-zookeeper
To install ZooKeeper on SUSE systems:
$sudo zypper install hadoop-zookeeperInstalling the ZooKeeperServer Package and Starting ZooKeeper on a Single Server
The instructions provided here deploy a single ZooKeeper server in "standalone" mode. This is appropriate for evaluation, testing and development purposes, but may not provide sufficient reliability for a production application. SeeInstallingZooKeeper in a Production Environment for more information.
To install a ZooKeeper server on Ubuntu and other Debian systems:
$sudo apt-get install hadoop-zookeeper-server
To install ZooKeeper On Red Hat-compatible systems:
$sudo yum install hadoop-zookeeper-server
To install ZooKeeper on SUSE systems:
$sudo zypper install hadoop-zookeeper-serverTo start ZooKeeper
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ZooKeeper may start automatically on installation on Ubuntu and other Debian systems.Use the following command to start ZooKeeper:
$sudo /sbin/service hadoop-zookeeper-server startInstalling ZooKeeper in a Production Environment
For use in a production environment, you should deploy ZooKeeper as an ensemble with an odd number of nodes. As long as a majority of the servers in the ensemble are available, the ZooKeeper service will be available. The minimum recommended ensemble size isthree ZooKeeper servers, and it is recommended that each server run on a separate machine.
ZooKeeper deployment on multiple servers requires a bit of additional configuration. The configuration file (zoo.cfg) on each server must include a list of all servers in the ensemble, and each server must also have a myid file in its datadirectory (by default /var/zookeeper) that identifies it as one of the servers in the ensemble.
For instructions describing how to set up a multi-server deployment, see Installinga Multi-Server Setup.
Setting up Supervisory Process for the ZooKeeper Server
The ZooKeeper server is designed to be both highly reliable and highly available. This means that:
[*]If a ZooKeeper server encounters an error it cannot recover from, it will "fail fast" (the process will exit immediately)
[*]When the server shuts down, the ensemble remains active, and continues serving requests
[*]Once restarted, the server rejoins the ensemble without any further manual intervention.
Cloudera recommends that you fully automate this process by configuring a supervisory service to manage each server, and restart the ZooKeeper server process automatically if it fails. See the ZooKeeperAdministrator's Guide for more information.
Maintaining a ZooKeeper Server
The ZooKeeper server continually saves znode snapshot files and, optionally, transactional logs in a Data Directory to enable you to recover data. It's a good idea to back up the ZooKeeper Data Directory periodically. Although ZooKeeper is highly reliable becausea persistent copy is replicated on each server, recovering from backups may be necessary if a catastrophic failure or user error occurs.
The ZooKeeper server does not remove the snapshots and log files, so they will accumulate over time. You will need to cleanup this directory occasionally, based on your backup schedules and processes. To automate the cleanup, azkCleanup.sh script isprovided in the bin directory of the hadoop-zookeeper base package. Modify this script as necessary for your situation. In general, you want to run this as a cron task based on your backup schedule.
The data directory is specified by the dataDir parameter in the ZooKeeper configurationfile, and the data log directory is specified by the dataLogDir parameter.
For more information, see Ongoing Data Directory Cleanup.
Viewing the ZooKeeper Documentation
For additional ZooKeeper documentation, see http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh/3/zookeeper/.
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