cacti监控的搭建
目前线上使用的是nagios监控，但是最近有监控交换机流量并且能够图像化监控的需求，虽然nagios能够实现监控但在画图方面无法满足需求，而mrtg画出的图无法满足我们自由查看某个时间段流量的需求；所以我们还是果断使用cacti吧，既能够完美画图，也符合我们日后nagios和cacti整合，以实现更细致的监控，下面就来了解下吧。一.利用yum来安装lamp环境。
1.安装mysql-5.6数据库
# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server
# rpm -qa |grep mysql
mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64
php-mysql-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64
2.安装apache
# yum -y install httpd
# rpm -qa |grep httpd
httpd-tools-2.2.15-39.el6.centos.x86_64
httpd-2.2.15-39.el6.centos.x86_643.安装php
# yum -y install php php-mysql^C
# rpm -qa |grep php
php-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
php-gd-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
php-common-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
php-cli-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
php-mysql-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
php-pdo-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_644.安装需要的库文件
# yum -y install zlib
# yum -y install freetype
# yum -y install libjpeg
# yum -y install fontconfig
# yum -y install gd
# yum -y install libxml2
# yum -y install zlib freetype libjpeg fontconfig gd libxml2 php-gd二.安装rrd工具
# yum -y install rrdtool rrdtool-devel
# rpm -qa |grep rrd
rrdtool-1.3.8-7.el6.x86_64
rrdtool-devel-1.3.8-7.el6.x86_64三.安装并配置监控需要的snmp工具
1.安装
# yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-utils
# rpm -qa |grep net-snmp
net-snmp-libs-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64
net-snmp-devel-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64
net-snmp-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64
net-snmp-utils-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_642.配置snmp
# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
com2sec notConfigUserdefault public
改为：com2sec notConfigUser127.0.0.1 public
accessnotConfigGroup "" any noauth exactsystemview none none
改为：accessnotConfigGroup "" any noauth exactall none none
#view all included.1 80去掉注释以上完成后启动相关服务
# service httpd start
# service mysqld start
# service snmpd start四.安装并配置cacti
1.安装cacti
# wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz -P /usr/local/src
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz
# mv cacti-0.8.7e /var/html/www/cacti2.配置mysql
# mysql -u root
mysql> create database cacti;
grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by 'cacti';
grant all on cacti.* to cacti@127.0.0.1 identified by 'cacti';
use cacti；
source /var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql; #创建相关表
flush privileges;在执行cacti.sql时报错:ERROR 1064 : You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘TYPE=MyISAM’ at line 6.
这是由于mysql查询语句写法TYPE=MyISAM太老了，在mysql5.5上已经被禁用，将安装程序的TYPE=MyISAM全部改成ENGINE=MyISAM即可。
3.配置cacti
# vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
$database_port = "3306";4.设置相关权限
useradd cacti -d /var/www/html/cacti -s /bin/false
chown -R cacti /var/www/html/cacti/rra /var/www/html/cacti/log5.设置计划任务
# cat /etc/crontab
*/5 * * * * root /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1五.初始化cacti
1.访问http://192.168.3.133/cacti
2.直接点击next
3.直接点击next
4.直接点击finish
5.输入默认用户名admin 密码admin，进入后需要先重新修改密码
6.ok，已经进入页面，我们点击左上角的“graphs”,会出现监控的坐标轴。
注：若没有出现坐标轴或是出现"X"图片无法显示，则需要查看apache错误日志，或直接运行/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php ，查看报错内容，主要是由于php版本过高导致，需要修改下源代码以适应新版本的语法。
(1)查看错误日志PHP Warning:date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings
vim /etc/php.ini
date.timezone ='Asia/Shanghai'
(2)直接运行/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php报错PHP Deprecated:Assigning the return value of new by reference is deprecated in /var/www/html/cacti/lib/adodb/adodb.inc.php on line 866
vim /var/www/html/cacti/lib/adodb/adodb.inc.php由于php5.3不支持“=&”，将所有的“=&”改为“=”
(3)日志报错PHP Deprecated:Function split() is deprecated in /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php on line 77
还是由于版本的问题
vim /etc/php.ini
; error_reporting
; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
; Development Value: E_ALL | E_STRICT
; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED
error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED修改完后重启apache即可，来看下图像是否全都显示。
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