MongoDB学习——在MVC模式下通过Jqgrid表格操作MongoDB数据
看到下图，是通过Jqgrid实现表格数据的基本增删查改的操作。表格数据增删改是一般企业应用系统开发的常见功能，不过不同的是这个表格数据来源是非关系型的数据库MongoDB。nosql虽然概念新颖，但是MongoDB基本应用实现起来还是比较轻松的，甚至代码比基本的ADO.net访问关系数据源还要简洁。由于其本身的“非关系”的数据存储方式，使得对象关系映射这个环节对于MongoDB来讲显得毫无意义，因此我们也不会对MongoDB引入所谓的“ORM”框架。下面我们将逐步讲解怎么在MVC模式下将MongoDB数据读取，并展示在前台Jqgrid表格上。这个“简易系统”的基本设计思想是这样的：我们在视图层展示表格，Jqgrid相关Js逻辑全部放在一个Js文件中，控制层实现了“增删查改”四个业务，MongoDB的基本数据访问放在了模型层实现。下面我们一步步实现。
1. 实现视图层Jqgrid表格逻辑
首先，我们新建一个MVC空白项目，添加好jQuery、jQueryUI、Jqgrid的前端框架代码，
然后在Views的Home文件夹下新建视图“Index.aspx”，在视图的body标签中添加如下HTML代码：
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接着新建Scripts\Home文件夹，在该目录新建“Index.js”文件，并再视图中引用，代码如下：
[*]jQuery(document).ready(function () {
[*]
[*] //jqGrid初始化
[*] jQuery("#table1").jqGrid({
[*] url: '/Home/UserList',
[*] datatype: 'json',
[*] mtype: 'POST',
[*] colNames: ['登录名', '姓名', '年龄', '手机号', '邮箱地址', '操作'],
[*] colModel: [
[*] { name: 'UserId', index: 'UserId', width: 180, editable: true },
[*] { name: 'UserName', index: 'UserName', width: 200, editable: true },
[*] { name: 'Age', index: 'Age', width: 150, editable: true },
[*] { name: 'Tel', index: 'Tel', width: 150, editable: true },
[*] { name: 'Email', index: 'Email', width: 150, editable: true },
[*] { name: 'Edit', index: 'Edit', width: 150, editable: false, align: 'center' }
[*] ],
[*] pager: '#div1',
[*] postData: {},
[*] rowNum: 5,
[*] rowList: [5, 10, 20],
[*] sortable: true,
[*] caption: '用户信息管理',
[*] hidegrid: false,
[*] rownumbers: true,
[*] viewrecords: true
[*] }).navGrid('#div1', { edit: false, add: false, del: false })
[*] .navButtonAdd('#div1', {
[*] caption: "编辑",
[*] buttonicon: "ui-icon-add",
[*] onClickButton: function () {
[*] var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow");
[*] if (id == null) {
[*] alert("请选择行！");
[*] return;
[*] }
[*] if (id == "newId") return;
[*] $("#table1").editRow(id);
[*] $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").attr("readonly","readOnly");
[*] $("#table1").setCell(id, "Edit", "");
[*] }
[*] }).navButtonAdd('#div1', {
[*] caption: "删除",
[*] buttonicon: "ui-icon-del",
[*] onClickButton: function () {
[*] var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow");
[*] if (id == null) {
[*] alert("请选择行！");
[*] return;
[*] }
[*] Delete(id);
[*] }
[*] }).navButtonAdd('#div1', {
[*] caption: "新增",
[*] buttonicon: "ui-icon-add",
[*] onClickButton: function () {
[*] $("#table1").addRowData("newId", -1);
[*] $("#table1").editRow("newId");
[*] $("#table1").setCell("newId", "Edit", "");
[*] }
[*] });
[*]});
[*]
[*]//取消编辑状态
[*]function Cancel(id) {
[*] if (id == "newId") $("#table1").delRowData("newId");
[*] else $("#table1").restoreRow(id);
[*]}
[*]
[*]//向后台ajax请求新增数据
[*]function Add() {
[*] var UserId = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserId").val();
[*] var UserName = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserName").val();
[*] var Age = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Age").val();
[*] var Tel = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Tel").val();
[*] var Email = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Email").val();
[*]
[*] $.ajax({
[*] type: "POST",
[*] url: "/Home/Add",
[*] data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email,
[*] success: function (msg) {
[*] alert("新增数据: " + msg);
[*] $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
[*] }
[*] });
[*]}
[*]
[*]//向后台ajax请求更新数据
[*]function Update(id) {
[*] var UserId = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").val();
[*] var UserName = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserName").val();
[*] var Age = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Age").val();
[*] var Tel = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Tel").val();
[*] var Email = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Email").val();
[*]
[*] $.ajax({
[*] type: "POST",
[*] url: "/Home/Update",
[*] data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email,
[*] success: function (msg) {
[*] alert("修改数据: " + msg);
[*] $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
[*] }
[*] });
[*]}
[*]
[*]//向后台ajax请求删除数据
[*]function Delete(id) {
[*] var UserId = $("#table1").getCell(id, "UserId");
[*] $.ajax({
[*] type: "POST",
[*] url: "/Home/Delete",
[*] data: "UserId=" + UserId,
[*] success: function (msg) {
[*] alert("删除数据: " + msg);
[*] $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
[*] }
[*] });
[*]}
2. 实现控制层业务
在Controllers目录下新建控制器“HomeController.cs”，Index.js中产生了四个ajax请求，对应控制层也有四个业务方法。HomeController代码如下：
[*]public class HomeController : Controller
[*]{
[*] UserModel userModel = new UserModel();
[*] public ActionResult Index()
[*] {
[*] return View();
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 获取全部用户列表，通过json将数据提供给jqGrid
[*] ///
[*] public JsonResult UserList(string sord, string sidx, string rows, string page)
[*] {
[*] var list = userModel.FindAll();
[*] int i = 0;
[*] var query = from u in list
[*] select new
[*] {
[*] id = i++,
[*] cell = new string[]{
[*] u["UserId"].ToString(),
[*] u["UserName"].ToString(),
[*] u["Age"].ToString(),
[*] u["Tel"].ToString(),
[*] u["Email"].ToString(),
[*] "-"
[*] }
[*] };
[*]
[*] var data = new
[*] {
[*] total = query.Count() / Convert.ToInt32(rows) + 1,
[*] page = Convert.ToInt32(page),
[*] records = query.Count(),
[*] rows = query.Skip(Convert.ToInt32(rows) * (Convert.ToInt32(page) - 1)).Take(Convert.ToInt32(rows))
[*] };
[*]
[*] return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 响应Js的“Add”ajax请求，执行添加用户操作
[*] ///
[*] public ContentResult Add(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email)
[*] {
[*] Document doc = new Document();
[*] doc["UserId"] = UserId;
[*] doc["UserName"] = UserName;
[*] doc["Age"] = Age;
[*] doc["Tel"] = Tel;
[*] doc["Email"] = Email;
[*]
[*] try
[*] {
[*] userModel.Add(doc);
[*] return Content("添加成功");
[*] }
[*] catch
[*] {
[*] return Content("添加失败");
[*] }
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 响应Js的“Delete”ajax请求，执行删除用户操作
[*] ///
[*] public ContentResult Delete(string UserId)
[*] {
[*] try
[*] {
[*] userModel.Delete(UserId);
[*] return Content("删除成功");
[*] }
[*] catch
[*] {
[*] return Content("删除失败");
[*] }
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 响应Js的“Update”ajax请求，执行更新用户操作
[*] ///
[*] public ContentResult Update(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email)
[*] {
[*] Document doc = new Document();
[*] doc["UserId"] = UserId;
[*] doc["UserName"] = UserName;
[*] doc["Age"] = Age;
[*] doc["Tel"] = Tel;
[*] doc["Email"] = Email;
[*] try
[*] {
[*] userModel.Update(doc);
[*] return Content("修改成功");
[*] }
[*] catch
[*] {
[*] return Content("修改失败");
[*] }
[*] }
[*]}
3. 实现模型层数据访问
最后，我们在Models新建一个Home文件夹，添加模型“UserModel.cs”，实现MongoDB数据库访问代码如下：
[*]public class UserModel
[*]{
[*] //链接字符串(此处三个字段值根据需要可为读配置文件)
[*] public string connectionString = "mongodb://localhost";
[*] //数据库名
[*] public string databaseName = "myDatabase";
[*] //集合名
[*] public string collectionName = "userCollection";
[*]
[*] private Mongo mongo;
[*] private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase;
[*] private MongoCollection mongoCollection;
[*]
[*] public UserModel()
[*] {
[*] mongo = new Mongo(connectionString);
[*] mongoDatabase = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName) as MongoDatabase;
[*] mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.GetCollection(collectionName) as MongoCollection;
[*] mongo.Connect();
[*] }
[*] ~UserModel()
[*] {
[*] mongo.Disconnect();
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 增加一条用户记录
[*] ///
[*] ///
[*] public void Add(Document doc)
[*] {
[*] mongoCollection.Insert(doc);
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 删除一条用户记录
[*] ///
[*] public void Delete(string UserId)
[*] {
[*] mongoCollection.Remove(new Document { { "UserId", UserId } });
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 更新一条用户记录
[*] ///
[*] ///
[*] public void Update(Document doc)
[*] {
[*] mongoCollection.FindAndModify(doc, new Document { { "UserId", doc["UserId"].ToString() } });
[*] }
[*]
[*] ///
[*] /// 查找所有用户记录
[*] ///
[*] ///
[*] public IEnumerable FindAll()
[*] {
[*] return mongoCollection.FindAll().Documents;
[*] }
[*]
[*]}
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