基于openssl的https服务配置
CA服务器：192.168.75.131httpd服务器：192.168.75.128
操作系统版本：redhat 6.5(x_86_64)
一、安装openssl
1、源码安装：
openssl ：wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.0a.tar.gz
# tar xvf openssl-1.0.0a.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.0.0a
# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
# make && make install
2、RPM安装
yum install openssl openssl-devel -y
二、安装Apache
1、源码安装httpd 参考：编译安装Apache(httpd-2.4.18)
--enable-so #动态模块支持
--enable-ssl #开启ssl模块支持
--with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl 使用编译版本的openssl，如果不指定，则使用RPM版本的openssl
编译参数：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache--enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-mpms-shared=all--with-mpm=event--enable-proxy --enable-proxy-http --enable-proxy-ajp --enable-proxy-balancer --enable-lbmethod-heartbeat --enable-heartbeat--enable-slotmem-shm--enable-slotmem-plain--enable-watchdog --with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl
2、RPM包安装httpd
需要安装mod_ssl模块
# yum install httpd mod_ssl-y
三、CA服务器生成自签证书（在CA服务器：192.168.75.131上操作）
# yum install openssl -y
# cd /etc/pki/CA/
# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048) #生成私钥
# ll private/
total 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Feb 18 17:49 cakey.pem
生成自签证书的时候会有很多选项需要填写，如果不想填，可以编辑配置文件，更换默认值
# cd../tls/
# diff openssl.cnf openssl.cnf.orig
130c130
< countryName_default= CN
---
> countryName_default= XX
135c135
< stateOrProvinceName_default= GuangDong
---
> #stateOrProvinceName_default= Default Province
138c138
< localityName_default= ShenZhen
---
> localityName_default= Default City
141c141
< 0.organizationName_default= SmallFish Company Ltd
---
> 0.organizationName_default= Default Company Ltd
148c148
< organizationalUnitName_default= Tech
---
> #organizationalUnitName_default=
# vim ../tls/openssl.cnf#保证dir是在/etc/pki/CA目录
[ CA_default ]
dir = /etc/pki/CA # Where everything is kept
# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem-out cacert.pem -days 3665#根据私钥给自己生成一个自签证书，这个证书可以给用户使用的
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) :
State or Province Name (full name) :
Locality Name (eg, city) :
Organization Name (eg, company) : #给别人签发的公司也必须是这个
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) :
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:ca.smallfish.com #发给自己的证书
Email Address []:admin@smallfish.com
# cd /etc/pki/CA/
# touch index.txt
# echo 00 >serial
# tree .
.
├── cacert.pem
├── certs
├── crl
├── index.txt
├── newcerts
├── private
│ └── cakey.pem
└── serial
四、web服务器端,生成证书颁发请求（在192.168.75.128上操作）
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf
# mkdir ssl
# cd ssl/
#(umask 077;openssl genrsa 1024 > httpd.key)#生成密钥
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
.......++++++
.............................++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
# ll
total 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 887 Feb8 18:40 httpd.key
# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -out httpd.csr #生成证书申请请求
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) :CN #信息必须和CA端保持一致
State or Province Name (full name) []:GuangDong #信息必须和CA端保持一致
Locality Name (eg, city) :ShenZhen #信息必须和CA端保持一致
Organization Name (eg, company) :SmallFish Company Ltd #必须是CA证书中填写的是同一个公司，不如后面生成公司证书的时候会报错
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Tech
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.vip.com
Email Address []:www.vip.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
#
# scphttpd.csr 192.168.75.131:/tmp #用U盘拷贝，发邮件都可以
五、CA服务器签发证书（在CA服务器：192.168.75.131上操作）
# openssl ca -in /tmp/httpd.csr -out /tmp/httpd.crt -days 3650 #CA进行签署证书，公司名称不一样，会报错
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The organizationName field needed to be the same in the
CA certificate (SmallFish Company Ltd) and the request (vip Ltd)
# openssl ca -in /tmp/httpd.csr -out /tmp/httpd.crt -days 3650 #CA进行签署证书
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 0 (0x0)
Validity
Not Before: Feb 18 10:10:26 2016 GMT
Not After : Feb 15 10:10:26 2026 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = GuangDong
organizationName = SmallFish Company Ltd
organizationalUnitName = Tech
commonName = www.vip.com
emailAddress = www.vip.com
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
68:4F:A6:95:E8:65:0D:FE:9E:E2:81:31:8A:AF:69:3A:4C:43:E0:94
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:AA:27:66:F1:0F:7A:7C:CA:CD:85:95:1F:D5:92:5A:36:23:FE:1A:36
Certificate is to be certified until Feb 15 10:10:26 2026 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? :y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
# cat index.txt
V260215101026Z00unknown/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/O=SmallFish Company Ltd/OU=Tech/CN=www.vip.com/emailAddress=www.vip.com
# cat serial
01
# tree .
.
├── cacert.pem
├── certs
├── crl
├── index.txt
├── index.txt.attr
├── index.txt.old
├── newcerts
│ └── 00.pem
├── private
│ └── cakey.pem
├── serial
└── serial.old
4 directories, 8 files
# scp /tmp/httpd.crt 192.168.75.128:/usr/local/apache/conf/ssl #拷贝证书到Web服务器
# rm /tmp/httpd.crt /tmp/httpd.csr#CA服务器端制作完毕之后可以删除掉web服务器端证书
六、web服务器端配置openssl（在192.168.75.128上操作）
vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"#和80端口文档目录的保持一致，不然和80访问的内容不一样
ServerName www.vip.com:443
ServerAdmin admin@vip.com
ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/error_log"
TransferLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/access_log"
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/httpd.crt"
SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/httpd.key"
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #打开下面的注释
LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -t
Syntax OK
# httpd -M| grep ssl_mod #查看是否支持ssl_module
ssl_module (shared)
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
# lsof -i:80
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd 13445 root 4uIPv6 349321 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 13446 daemon 4uIPv6 349321 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 13447 daemon 4uIPv6 349321 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 13448 daemon 4uIPv6 349321 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
# lsof -i:443
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd 13445 root 6uIPv6 349329 0t0TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd 13446 daemon 6uIPv6 349329 0t0TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd 13447 daemon 6uIPv6 349329 0t0TCP *:https (LISTEN)
httpd 13448 daemon 6uIPv6 349329 0t0TCP *:https (LISTEN)
七、访问验证
1、在win hosts文件中添加
C:\WINDOWS\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
192.168.85.128 www.vip.com
2、安装证书
拷贝CA服务器中的证书（/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem）到客户端，重命名为cacert.crt，双击运行安装，导入到浏览器，用浏览器打开
3、访问：
https://www.vip.com/
http://www.vip.com/
八、遇到的问题
问题1：
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
AH00526: Syntax error on line 51 of /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf:
Invalid command 'SSLCipherSuite', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration
解决1：
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
问题2：
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
AH00526: Syntax error on line 76 of /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf:
SSLSessionCache: 'shmcb' session cache not supported (known names: ). Maybe you need to load the appropriate socache module (mod_socache_shmcb?).
解决2：
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so
问题3:
The countryName field needed to be the same in the
CA certificate (cn) and the request (sh)
解决3：证书的国家名称，省名要相同
九、注意：
SSL会话不能基于主机名区分，服务器只有一个ip地址，只能为一个主机提供ssl的功能，如果有很多基于域名的虚拟主机，ssl只能提供给其中的一个虚拟主机使用
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