keepalived入门之keepalive+haproxy双机热备
Keepalive+haproxy双机热备如图所示为整体的拓扑图：一.部署前说明：(1)系统版本: centos 6.6（64位）(2)角色及ip相关信息:
角色名称网络ip信息
客户端(CIP)10.58.137.203/24
Master_DReth0:172.51.96.105/24 &ð1:192.168.0.105/24
Backup_DReth0:172.51.96.119/24 &ð1:192.168.0.119/24
VIP172.51.96.175/24
(3)相关中间件信息keepalive版本信息: keepalived-1.2.15nginx版本信息:haproxy-1.5.15（提供proxy代理）二.部署操作：
haproxy部署分别在Master_DR和backup_DR上安装haproxy，操作如下：1.1 到haproxy官网下载haproxy源码包如下
cd ~
wget http://www.haproxy.org/download/1.5/src/haproxy-1.5.15.tar.gz
1.2 创建haproxy运行用户
groupadd -r haproxy
useradd -r -g haproxy -M -s /sbin/nologin haproxy
1.3 编译安装haproxy：
cd ~
tar zxvf haproxy-1.5.15.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-1.5.15
make TARGET=linux26 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
注意：TARGET=Linux26 是通过uname -a 来查看Linux内核版本的
1.4 创建haproxy主配置文件：
mkdir /etc/haproxy/
vim /etc/haproxyhaproxy.cfg
其中master_dr以及backup_dr上的haproxy配置代码内容如下
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
log 127.0.0.1 local3
maxconn 204800
chroot /usr/local/haproxy
userhaproxy
group haproxy
daemon
nbproc 1
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
stats socket /usr/local/haproxy/stats
description haproxy server
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
log global
mode http
maxconn 10000
optionhttplog
optionhttpclose
optiondontlognull
optionforwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
retries 3
option redispatch
option abortonclose
balance roundrobin
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# use listen setting the haproxy status for site
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen admin_status #设置haproxy监控状态
bind *:3030
mode http
log 127.0.0.1 local3 err
stats refresh 5s
stats uri /status #监控状态页面访问url
stats realm www.skeryp.com
stats auth admin:admin
stats hide-version
stats admin if TRUE
#------------------------------
1.5 创建haproxy系统服务启动脚本：
关于haproxy服务脚本代码请访问:http://www.iyunv.com/thread-190479-1-1.html
1.6 启动haproxy服务：
server haproxy restart
Keepalive部署
(1)分别在Master_DR和backup_DR上安装keepalive，操作如下：
1. 安装Keepalive所需要的相关依赖包:
# yum install openssl-devel popt-devel libnl-devel kernel-devel-y
2. 编译安装keepalive
1.1 keepalived的源码获取
keepalived源码包我们可以到keepalived的官网:http://www.keepalived.org/去下载，相关说明文档亦可在其官网查看，比如keepalived的使用，相关配置说明，这里演示的版本为:1.2.15
cd ~
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz
1.2 编译安装keepalived
<--编译安装keepalived-->
ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.18.1.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux
tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.15/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/keepalived \
--with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.18.1.el6.x86_64
#2.6.32-573.18.1.el6.x86_64 这个需要根据kernel来匹配，一般安装了kernel-devel即可查看
makemake install
<--对keepalived进行相关路径优化调整-->
<---拷贝keepalived相关启动命令--->
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
<---将keepalived启动脚本添加到系统服务--->
# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
# chkconfig --add keepalived
# chkconfig --level 2345 keepalived on
<---创建keepalived相关配置文件--->
# mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived
(3)分别配置Master_DR以及Backup_DR上的keepalive实例，如下所示:
1. master_dr配置代码示例（主调度器）
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
内容如下
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
admin@bluemobi.cn
}
notification_email_fromlvs_admin@bluemobi.cn
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id DR_MASTER
}
vrrp_script check_haproxy { #表示创建一个脚本check_haproxy
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh" #引用的脚本路径
interval 3 #表示检测时间的间隔为3s
}
vrrp_instance http {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
dont_track_primary
nopreempt #不抢占master
track_interface { #表示需要检测的网卡
eth0
eth1
}
mcast_src_ip 172.51.96.105 #表示设置组播的源地址
garp_master_delay 6
virtual_router_id 60
priority 110
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
autp_pass 1234
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.51.96.175/24 brd172.51.96.255 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
virtual_routes {
172.51.96.175/24 dev eth0
}
track_script {
check_haproxy
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_backup.sh
notify_fault/etc/keepalived/scripts/state_fault.sh
}
2. backup_dr配置示例（备调度器）
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
内容如下
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
admin@bluemobi.cn
}
notification_email_fromadmin@bluemobi.cn
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id DR_BACKUP
}
vrrp_script check_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 3
}
vrrp_instance http {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
dont_track_primary
track_interface {
eth0
eth1
}
mcast_src_ip 172.51.96.119
garp_master_delay 6
virtual_router_id 60
priority 105
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
autp_pass 1234
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.51.96.175/24 brd172.51.96.255 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
virtual_routes {
172.51.96.175/24 dev eth0
}
track_script {
check_haproxy
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_backup.sh
notify_fault/etc/keepalived/scripts/state_fault.sh
}
3.分别在主调度server和备调度server编写以下脚本，如下：
i 当调度器为切换master server时，记录切换时间日志
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_master.sh
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash
echo -e>> $LOGFILE
host=CN-SH-DR01 #设置当前的主机名
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "The ${host}Starting to become master server...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Please run the “ipvsadm -Ln”check the keepalived state ..." >> $LOGFILE
echo ".........................................................................!">> $LOGFILE
echo >>$LOGFILE
ii 当调度器为切换backup server时，记录切换时间日志
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_backup.sh
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash
echo -e >> $LOGFILE
host=CN-SH-DR01 #设置当前的主机名
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "The ${host}Starting to become Backup server...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Please run the “ipvsadm -Ln”check the state ..." >> $LOGFILE
echo "........................................................................!">> $LOGFILE
echo>> $LOGFILE
iii当调度器出现错误时，记录错误时间日志
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/state_fault.sh
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash
echo -e >> $LOGFILE
host=CN-SH-DR01 #设置当前的主机名
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "The ${host}is fault error...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Please check the server state ..." >> $LOGFILE
echo "........................................................................!">> $LOGFILE
echo>> $LOGFILE
iiii 服务状态健康监测脚本,比如当haproxy不可用时，及时切换到backup调度器上
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
#nginx="/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy"
PID=`ps -C haproxy --no-heading|wc -l`
if [ "${PID}" = "0" ];
then
/etc/init.d/haproxy start
sleep 3
LOCK=`ps -C haproxy --no-heading|wc -l`
if [ "${LOCK}" = "0" ];
then
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi
fi
(4)依次重启master_dr,backup-dr上keepalive服务
# service keepalived restart
三.测试验证：
在两台调度器创建相关测试页，如下：
master-dr主调度服务器的测试页面
# curl 172.51.96.105
this is master server
#
backup-dr主调度服务器的测试页面
# curl 127.0.0.1
this is backup server
#
通过messages查看vip抢夺情况，如下所示:
页:
[1]