Terminal Cheatsheet for Mac ( basics )
SHORTCUTS
Key/Command
Description
Ctrl + A
Go to the beginning of the line you are currently typing on
Ctrl + E
Go to the end of the line you are currently typing on
Ctrl + L
Clears the Screen
Command + K
Clears the Screen
Ctrl + U
Clears the line before the cursor position. If you are at the end of the line, clears the entire line.
Ctrl + H
Same as backspace
Ctrl + R
Let’s you search through previously used commands
Ctrl + C
Kill whatever you are running
Ctrl + D
Exit the current shell
Ctrl + Z
Puts whatever you are running into a suspended background process. fg restores it.
Ctrl + W
Delete the word before the cursor
Ctrl + K
Clear the line after the cursor
Ctrl + T
Swap the last two characters before the cursor
Esc + T
Swap the last two words before the cursor
Alt + F
Move cursor forward one word on the current line
Alt + B
Move cursor backward one word on the current line
Tab
Auto-complete files and folder names
CORE
COMMANDS
cd
Home directory
cd
Change directory
cd ~
Home directory, e.g. ‘cd ~/folder/’
cd /
Root of drive
ls
Short listing
ls -l
Long listing
ls -a
Listing incl. hidden files
ls -lh
Long listing with Human readable file sizes
ls -R
Entire content of folder recursively
sudo
Run command with the security privileges of the superuser (Super User DO)
open
Opens a file ( as if you double clicked it )
top
Displays active processes. Press q to quit
nano
Opens the Terminal it’s editor
pico
Opens the Terminal it’s editor
q
Exit
clear
Clear screen
COMMAND
HISTORY
history n
Shows the stuff typed – add a number to limit the last n items
ctrl-r
Interactively search through previously typed commands
!
Execute the last command typed that starts with ‘value’
!!
Execute the last command typed
FILE
MANAGEMENT
touch
Create new file
pwd
Full path to working directory
..
Parent/enclosing directory, e.g.
‘ls -l ..’ = Long listing of parent directory
‘cd ../../’ = Move 2 levels up
.
Current folder
cat
Concatenate to screen
rm
Remove a file, e.g. rm
rm -i
Remove with confirmation
rm -r
Remove a directory and contents
rm -f
Force removal without confirmation
rm -i
Will display prompt before
cp
Copy file to file
cp
Copy file to directory
mv
Move/Rename, e.g. mv -v
DIRECTORY
MANAGEMENT
mkdir
Create new directory
mkdir -p /
Create nested directories
rmdir
Remove directory ( only operates on empty directories )
rm -R
Remove directory and contents
PIPES
– Allows to combine multiple commands that generate output
more
Output content delivered in screensize chunks
>
Push output to file, keep in mind it will get overwritten
>>
Append output to existing file
<
Tell command to read content from a fi
HELP
-h
Offers help
—help
Offers help
help
Offers help
reset
Resets the terminal display
man
Show the help for ‘command’
whatis
Gives a one-line description of ‘command’
Last edited by 0nn0, a year ago
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grab the full resolution (2500×1600) version here
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http://i.imgur.com/1c9y0.png
Shutdown your Mac using a terminal command
The shutdown
command comes in handy if you want to shutdown or
reboot your Mac at a specific time. Here are some of the examples. You
should be a super user to use these commands.
sudo
shutdown [
options]
when [
message]
Some examples.
Shutdown immediately:
sudo
shutdown -h
now
Restart immediately:
sudo
shutdown -r
now
Shutdown at 9 pm:
sudo
shutdown -h
21
:00
Shutdown in 5 minutes:
sudo
shutdown -h
+5
Restart immediately
sudo
reboot
Shutdown immediately
sudo
halt
If you are not an admin user non of the above commands are going to help. If that’s the case try the following commands.
Shutdown immediately:
osascript -
e 'tell application "System Events" to shut down'
Restart immediately:
osascript -
e 'tell application "System Events" to restart'
Sleep:
osascript -
e 'tell application "System Events" to sleep'
Logout:
osascript -
e 'tell application "System Events" to log out'
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Linux / Unix: curl Command Download File Example
I
know how to use wget command
to grab files. But, how do you download file using curl command line
under Linux / Mac OS X / BSD or Unix like operating systems?
GNU wget is a free utility for non-interactive download
of files from the Web. curl is another tool to transfer data from or to
a server, using one of the supported protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS,
FTP, FTPS, SCP, SFTP, TFTP, DICT, TELNET, LDAP or FILE). The command is
designed to work without user interaction. curl offers many features
such as:
[*]Proxy support.
[*]User authentication.
[*]FTP upload.
[*]HTTP post.
[*]SSL connections.
[*]Cookies.
[*]File transfer resume and more.
curl download file
The syntax is as follows to grab (download) files from remote http/ftp server:
curl -o output.file
http://server1.cyberciti.biz/file
.tar
.gz
OR
curl -O http://server1.cyberciti.biz/file
.tar
.gz
OR
curl --remote-name http://server1.cyberciti.biz/file
.tar
.gz
You can download a web page and store in a local file as follows:
curl -o nixcraft.html http://www.cyberciti.biz/low.html
You can grab or download multiple files as follows:
curl -O http://www.cyberciti.biz/low.html -O http://bash.cyberciti.biz/dl/581
.sh
.zip
curl download file from an ssh server
You can grab file securely using from an SSH server using SFTP:
curl -u username sftp://server1.cyberciti.biz/path/to/file
.txt
OR (note ~ means your $HOME)
curl -u vivek sftp://home1.cyberciti.biz/~/docs/resume.pdf
You can grab a file from an SSH server using SCP using a private key to authenticate. The syntax is:
curl -u username: --key ~/.ssh
/id_rsa --pubkey ~/.ssh
/id_rsa.pub scp
://home1.cyberciti.biz/~/Videos/rhn_register.ogv
Where,
[*]
-u username
- Specify the user name (and optional password) to use for server authentication.
[*]
-u username:password
- Specify the user name (and optional password) to use for server authentication.
[*]
--key ~/.ssh/id_rsa
- SSL or SSH private key file name. Allows you to provide your private key in this separate file.
[*]
--pubkey ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
- SSH Public key file name. Allows you to provide your public key in this separate file.
[*]
scp://home1.cyberciti.biz/~/Videos/rhn_register.ogv
- Use scp protocol and download file from my home server called home1.cyberciti.biz.
Curl: Download a file using username and password
The syntax is as follows to grab a file using ftp username and password:
curl ftp://username:passwd@ftp1.cyberciti.biz:21/path/to/backup.tar.gz
OR
curl -u UserName:PassWord ftp
://ftp1.cyberciti.biz:21
/backups/07
/07
/2012
/mysql.blog.sql.tar
.gz
Secure ftp user (ftp with ssl) can pass the --ftp-ssl option to curl command:
curl --ftp-ssl -u UserName:PassWord ftp
://ftp1.cyberciti.biz:21
/backups/07
/07
/2012
/mysql.blog.sql.tar
.gz
HTTP authentication
HTTP user can use the following syntax:
curl http://username:passwd
@server1.cyberciti.biz/file
/path/data.tar
.gz
OR
curl -u Username:Password http://server1.cyberciti.biz/file
/path/data.tar
.gz
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