分布式文件系统mogilefs的简单应用
简介MogileFS是一个开源的分布式文件存储系统，由LiveJournal旗下的DangaInteractive公司开发。Danga团队开发了包括Memcached、MogileFS、Perlbal等多个知名的开源项目。
特性 1、应用层：用户空间文件系统，无须特殊的核心组件2、无单点：（tracker, mogstore, database(MySQL)）3、自动文件复制：复制的最小单位不是文件，而class；4、传输中立，无特殊协议：可以通过NFS或HTTP进行通信； 5、简单的命名空间： 每个文件对应一个key：用于domain定义名称空间
组成部分
MogileFS： tracker：追踪元数据 database：存储元数据 storage：存储数据
tracker： mogilefsd（守护进程）,职责： replication：节点之间的文件复制 deletion：删除文件 queryworker：响应客户请求的文件元数据访问请求 reaper：在存储失败后将文件复制请求重新放置于队列中 monitor：检测主机和设备的健康状态database： 存储mogilefs的元数据，一般使用mysql，建议使用冗余方案保证可用性（MMM,MHA） mogilefs专门提供了数据结构管理工具mogdbsetup；storage： mogstored（进程名），一个准备停当的mogstored节点可通过mogadm命令添加至现在的集群中， 存储节点需定义“设备dev”用作存储空间；每个设备在当前集群中需通过一个唯一的DevID标识。client： 客户端用于与mogilefs简历通信，完成数据存取；
安装包：MogileFS-Server-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpmMogileFS-Server-mogilefsd-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpmMogileFS-Server-mogstored-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpmMogileFS-Utils-2.19-1.el6.noarch.rpmperl-MogileFS-Client-1.14-1.el6.noarch.rpmperl-Net-Netmask-1.9015-8.el6.noarch.rpmperl-Perlbal-1.78-1.el6.noarch.rpm
架构：
1.安装mogilefs和数据库# lsMogileFS-Server-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpm perl-MogileFS-Client-1.14-1.el6.noarch.rpmMogileFS-Server-mogilefsd-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpmperl-Net-Netmask-1.9015-8.el6.noarch.rpmMogileFS-Server-mogstored-2.46-2.el6.noarch.rpmperl-Perlbal-1.78-1.el6.noarch.rpmMogileFS-Utils-2.19-1.el6.noarch.rpm# yum localinstall *.rpm-y# yum install mysql-server mysql -y2.数据库授权远程访问，并继承授权权限mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.95.%' identified by 'liaobin' with grant option;mysql> flush privileges;3.创建mofilefs的数据库用户以及授权mysql> grant all on *.* to mguser@'192.168.95.%' identified by 'liaobin';mysql> flush privileges;4.用mogilefs自带工具mogdbsetup初始化mogilefs数据库# mogdbsetup--dbhost=192.168.95.30 --dbname=mogilefs --dbrootuser=root --dbrootpass=liaobin --dbuser=mguser --dbpass=liaobin --yes查看初始化的数据库mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mogilefs || mysql || test |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
5.修改tracker（mogilefsd）配置文件# vim /etc/mogilefs/mogilefsd.conf # Enable daemon mode to work in background and use syslogdaemonize = 1# Where to store the pid of the daemon (must be the same in the init script)pidfile = /var/run/mogilefsd/mogilefsd.pid# Database connection informationdb_dsn = DBI:mysql:mogilefs:host=192.168.95.30 #配置database的连接信息db_user = mguser #配置mogilefs的数据库用户密码db_pass = liaobin# IP:PORT to listen on for mogilefs client requestslisten = 0.0.0.0:7001 #配置监听的地址和端口# Optional, if you don't define the port above.conf_port = 7001# Number of query workers to start by default.query_jobs = 10 #生成多少个用于查询的工作进程# Number of delete workers to start by default.delete_jobs = 1 #生成多少个用于删除的工作进程# Number of replicate workers to start by default.replicate_jobs = 5 #生成多少个用于删除的工作进程# Number of reaper workers to start by default.# (you don't usually need to increase this)reaper_jobs = 1 # Number of fsck workers to start by default.# (these can cause a lot of load when fsck'ing)#fsck_jobs = 1# Minimum amount of space to reserve in megabytes# default: 100# Consider setting this to be larger than the largest file you# would normally be uploading.#min_free_space = 200# Number of seconds to wait for a storage node to respond.# default: 2# Keep this low, so busy storage nodes are quickly ignored.#node_timeout = 2# Number of seconds to wait to connect to a storage node.# default: 2# Keep this low so overloaded nodes get skipped.#conn_timeout = 2# Allow replication to use the secondary node get port,# if you have apache or similar configured for GET's#repl_use_get_port = 16.启动mogilefsd服务# /etc/init.d/mogstored start7.为每个节点新增加分区，作为存储# fdisk /dev/sda.........# partx -a /dev/sda# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda5# mkdir /mgfs# vim /etc/fstab#新增如下条目/dev/sda5 /mgfs ext4 defaults 0 0# mount -a# mount/dev/sda5 on /mgfs type ext4 (rw)8.三台服务器分别创建存储目录，并修改权限95.30：# mkdir /mgfs/dev1# chown -R /mgfs/dev195.34：# mkdir /mgfs/dev2# chown -R /mgfs/dev295.35：# mkdir /mgfs/dev3# chown -R /mgfs/dev39.修改store(mogstored)的配置文件#vim /etc/mogilefs/mogstored.conf maxconns = 10000httplisten = 0.0.0.0:7500mgmtlisten = 0.0.0.0:7501#注意此处，写到dev(1,2,3)的上级目录就好docroot = /mgfs10.启动mogstored服务# /etc/init.d/mogstored start
11.用mogadm管理创建存储主机：# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host add store1 --ip=192.168.95.30# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host add store2 --ip=192.168.95.34# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host add store3 --ip=192.168.95.35查看创建的主机：# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 host list
创建存储设备：# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device add store1 1 --status=alive# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device add store2 2 --status=alive# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device add store3 3 --status=alive查看创建的存储设备：# mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 device list
创建域domain：mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 domain add imgmogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 domain add conf查看创建的域：mogadm --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 domain list
上传文件测试：mogupload --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 --domain=img --key="1.jpg" --file="/root/1.jpg"查看上传的文件：# mogfileinfo --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 --domain=img --key="1.jpg"- file: 1.jpg class: defaultdevcount: 2 domain: img fid: 9 key: 1.jpg length: 34892 - http://192.168.95.35:7500/dev3/0/000/000/0000000009.fid - http://192.168.95.30:7500/dev1/0/000/000/0000000009.fid用fid的url访问测试：
正常访问
nginx反向代理mogilefs
1.安装nginx和mogilefs模块安装好开发环境：# yum groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development" -y#yum install pcre-devel -y下载解压nginx包和mogilefs包：
开始编译安装：#cd nginx-1.6.2# ./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \--sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid\--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \--user=nginx \--group=nginx \--with-http_ssl_module \--with-http_flv_module \--with-http_stub_status_module \--with-http_gzip_static_module \--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \--with-pcre --add-module=../nginx_mogilefs_module-1.0.4# make && make install给nginx创建服务脚本# vim /etc/init.d/nginx#!/bin/sh## nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon## chkconfig: - 85 15# description:Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server# processname: nginx# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done}
start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval}
stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval}
restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start}
reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo}
force_reload() { restart}
configtest() {$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE}
rh_status() { status $prog}
rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1}
case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2esac给予执行权限：# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx创建nginx用户和必须目录：# useradd -r nginx# mkdir /var/tmp/nginx/client -pv修改nginx配置文件让其支持mogilefs反向代理（红色字体为添加项）：# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf#usernobody;worker_processes1;
#error_loglogs/error.log;#error_loglogs/error.lognotice;#error_loglogs/error.loginfo;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events { worker_connections1024;}
http { include mime.types; default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
#log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_loglogs/access.logmain;
sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout0; keepalive_timeout65;
#gzipon; upstream stores {server 192.168.95.30:7001;server 192.168.95.34:7001;server 192.168.95.35:7001; } server { listen 80; server_namelocalhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_loglogs/host.access.logmain;
location / { root html; indexindex.html index.htm; }location /img/ {mogilefs_tracker stores;mogilefs_domain img;
mogilefs_pass {proxy_pass $mogilefs_path;proxy_hide_header Content-Type;proxy_buffering off;}}location /upload/ {mogilefs_tracker stores;mogilefs_domain img;mogilefs_methods PUT GET DELETE;
mogilefs_pass {proxy_pass $mogilefs_path;proxy_hide_header Content-Type;proxy_buffering off;}}
#error_page404 /404.html;
}用路径访问测试nginx代理：
再上传一个文件测试：# mogupload --trackers=192.168.95.30:7001 --domain=img --key="2.jpg" --file="/root/2.jpg"
测试删除文件：# curl -X DELETE http://192.168.95.34/upload/1.jpg
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