HAproxy增加日志记录功能和自定义日志输出内容、格式
一.增加haproxy日志记录功能1.1 由于数据分析的需要，我们必须打开haproxy日志，记录相关信息。
在配置前，我们先来了解一下日志的level:local0～local7 16～23保留为本地使用
emerg 0 系统不可用
alert 1 必须马上采取行动的事件
crit 2 关键的事件
err 3 错误事件
warning 4 警告事件
notice 5 普通但重要的事件
info 6 有用的信息
debug 7 调试信息
1.2 实际配置：
########################################
vi haproxy.conf(在default处添加如下信息)
defaults
log global
option httplog
log 127.0.0.1 local3
###############################################################################vi /etc/rsyslog.conf(添加如下内容)
local3.* /data/logs/haproxy.log
##############################################################################vi /etc/sysconfig/rsyslog把SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-m 0"
改成 SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-r -m 0 -c 2"
#######################################相关解释说明:
-r:打开接受外来日志消息的功能,其监控514 UDP端口;
-x:关闭自动解析对方日志服务器的FQDN信息,这能避免DNS不完整所带来的麻烦;
-m:修改syslog的内部mark消息写入间隔时间(0为关闭),例如240为每隔240分钟写入一次"--MARK--"信息;
-h:默认情况下,syslog不会发送从远端接受过来的消息到其他主机,而使用该选项,则把该开关打开,所有
接受到的信息都可根据syslog.conf中定义的@主机转发过去
配置完毕后重启rsyslogd和haproxy即可.
日志内容如下：
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Sep 18 15:48:11 localhost haproxy: Proxy html-server started.
Sep 18 15:48:11 localhost haproxy: Proxy html-server started.
Sep 18 15:48:29 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:59244 http-in html-server/html-A 0/0/0/0/0 200 254 - - --NI 0/0/0/0/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
Sep 18 15:48:29 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:59244 http-in html-server/html-A 0/0/0/0/0 200 254 - - --NI 0/0/0/0/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
Sep 18 15:48:29 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:59244 http-in html-server/html-A 0/0/0/0/0 200 254 - - --NI 0/0/0/0/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
但日志可读性很差，我们需要显示更多的信息，但默认的都捕获不到，只能自定义需要显示的内容了。
二.定义haproxy日志输出内容和格式
2.1自定义haproxy日志。直接上配置文件。
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global
log 127.0.0.1 local3 info
maxconn 4096
chroot /gomeo2o/haproxy
uid haproxy
gid haproxy
daemon
nbproc 1
description haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
defaults
log global
# option httplog
balance roundrobin
mode http
maxconn 4096
retries 3
option redispatch
option forceclose
option dontlognull
option abortonclose
stats uri /haproxy
frontend http-in
bind 0.0.0.0:80
mode http
log global
option httplog
option httpclose
acl html url_reg -i \.html$
use_backend html-server if html
default_backend html-server
#((
capture request header Host len 64
capture request header User-Agent len 128
capture request header X-Forwarded-For len 100
capture request header Referer len 200
capture response header Server len 40
capture response header Server-ID len 40
#capture捕获信息
log-format %ci:%cp\ %si:%sp\ %B\ %U\ %ST\ %r\ %b\ %f\ %bi\ %hrl\ %hsl\
#log-forcat定义日志需显示内容(变量)
#利用capture捕获信息，log-forcat定义变量
#详解请见2.1和2.2
#))
backend html-server
mode http
balance roundrobin
option httpchk GET /index.html
cookie SERVERID insert indirect nocache
server html-A 10.69.112.150:80 weight 1 cookie 3 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5
server html-B 10.69.112.148:80 weight 1 cookie 4 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5
其他参数在此不做过多解释，主要查看两个中括号之间的内容。
2.2 capture捕获
haproxy利用capture捕获请求(request)和响应(response)信息，具体需捕获内容可以做如下操作：
用浏览器访问一个网站(我用的google),比如www.gomeplus.com,按F12，内容如下(注意我红色框起来的部分)：
找到response headers项，这里就是你可以捕获的信息。比如捕获server和server-id：
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capture response header Server len 40
capture response header Server-ID len 40
备注：2.1配置文件当中的capture基本的信息都能捕获到了，如有特别需求，请查阅官网(capture到底能捕获多少信息，多详细，我也在查询当中)。
2.3 定义log-format变量
定义示例：
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log-format %T\ %t\ Some\ Text
log-format %{+Q}o\ %t\ %s\ %{-Q}r
请参阅下面的表为定义的变量(转自官方文档)：
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+---+------+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| R | var| field name (8.2.2 and 8.2.3 for description)| type |
+---+------+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | %o | special variable, apply flags on all next var | |
+---+------+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | %B | bytes_read (from server to client)| numeric |
| H | %CC| captured_request_cookie | string |
| H | %CS| captured_response_cookie | string |
| | %H | hostname | string |
| H | %HM| HTTP method (ex: POST) | string |
| H | %HP| HTTP request URI without query string (path)| string |
| H | %HQ| HTTP request URI query string (ex: ?bar=baz)| string |
| H | %HU| HTTP request URI (ex: /foo?bar=baz) | string |
| H | %HV| HTTP version (ex: HTTP/1.0) | string |
| | %ID| unique-id | string |
| | %ST| status_code | numeric |
| | %T | gmt_date_time | date |
| | %Tc| Tc | numeric |
| | %Td| Td = Tt - (Tq + Tw + Tc + Tr) | numeric |
| | %Tl| local_date_time | date |
| H | %Tq| Tq | numeric |
| H | %Tr| Tr | numeric |
| | %Ts| timestamp | numeric |
| | %Tt| Tt | numeric |
| | %Tw| Tw | numeric |
| | %U | bytes_uploaded (from client to server)| numeric |
| | %ac| actconn | numeric |
| | %b | backend_name | string |
| | %bc| beconn (backend concurrent connections)| numeric |
| | %bi| backend_source_ip (connecting address)| IP |
| | %bp| backend_source_port (connecting address)| numeric |
| | %bq| backend_queue | numeric |
| | %ci| client_ip (accepted address)| IP |
| | %cp| client_port (accepted address)| numeric |
| | %f | frontend_name | string |
| | %fc| feconn (frontend concurrent connections)| numeric |
| | %fi| frontend_ip (accepting address)| IP |
| | %fp| frontend_port (accepting address)| numeric |
| | %ft| frontend_name_transport ('~' suffix for SSL)| string |
| | %lc| frontend_log_counter | numeric |
| | %hr| captured_request_headers default style | string |
| | %hrl | captured_request_headers CLF style | string list |
| | %hs| captured_response_headers default style | string |
| | %hsl | captured_response_headers CLF style | string list |
| | %ms| accept date milliseconds (left-padded with 0) | numeric |
| | %pid | PID | numeric |
| H | %r | http_request | string |
| | %rc| retries | numeric |
| | %rt| request_counter (HTTP req or TCP session) | numeric |
| | %s | server_name | string |
| | %sc| srv_conn (server concurrent connections)| numeric |
| | %si| server_IP (target address)| IP |
| | %sp| server_port (target address)| numeric |
| | %sq| srv_queue | numeric |
| S | %sslc| ssl_ciphers (ex: AES-SHA) | string |
| S | %sslv| ssl_version (ex: TLSv1) | string |
| | %t | date_time (with millisecond resolution)| date |
| | %ts| termination_state | string |
| H | %tsc | termination_state with cookie status | string |
+---+------+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
最后查看定义之后的日志内容输出：
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Sep 20 17:06:12 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:39957 10.69.112.148:80 2614 179 200 GET / HTTP/1.1 html-server http-in 10.69.112.151 www.qiang999.com curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.19.1 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 - - nginx/1.9.8 -\
Sep 20 17:06:12 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:39957 10.69.112.148:80 2614 179 200 GET / HTTP/1.1 html-server http-in 10.69.112.151 www.qiang999.com curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.19.1 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 - - nginx/1.9.8 -\
Sep 20 17:06:12 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:39966 10.69.112.150:80 254 179 200 GET / HTTP/1.1 html-server http-in 10.69.112.151 www.qiang999.com curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.19.1 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 - - nginx/1.9.8 -\
Sep 20 17:06:12 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:39966 10.69.112.150:80 254 179 200 GET / HTTP/1.1 html-server http-in 10.69.112.151 www.qiang999.com curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.19.1 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 - - nginx/1.9.8 -\
Sep 20 17:06:13 localhost haproxy: 10.69.112.139:39974 10.69.112.148:80 2614 179 200 GET / HTTP/1.1 html-server http-in 10.69.112.151 www.qiang999.com curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.19.1 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2 - - nginx/1.9.8 -\
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