varnish状态引擎详解
配置说明Node1：varnish服务端，IP：192.168.1.131 CentOS7.2
Node2: 测试客户端 IP：192.168.1.132 CentOS7.2
1、安装varnish服务
安装varnish
# yum -y install varnish #需要EPEL源
# cd /etc/varnish/
# vim varnish.params
# vim default.vcl
修改
.host = "127.0.0.1"; #约17行
为
.host = "192.168.1.132";
修改
.port = "8080"; #约18行
为
.port = "80";
# systemctl start varnish.service
2、准备客户端
# yum -y install httpd
# for i in {1..10};do echo "Page $i on Web1" > /var/www/html/test$i.html;done
# systemctl start httpd.service
3、测试
在浏览器打开
http://192.168.1.131:6081/test1.html
# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082
测试1
# cd /etc/varnish/
# cp default.vcl test.vcl
# vim test.vcl
在sub vcl_recv添加如下内容（约26行左右）
if (req.method == "PRI") {
/* We do not support SPDY or HTTP/2.0 */
return (synth(405));
}
if (req.method != "GET" &&
req.method != "HEAD" &&
req.method != "PUT" &&
req.method != "POST" &&
req.method != "TRACE" &&
req.method != "OPTIONS" &&
req.method != "DELETE") {
/* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */
return (pipe);
}
if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") {
/* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */
return (pass);
}
if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) {
/* Not cacheable by default */
return (pass);
}
return (hash);
# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082
vcl.load test1 test.vcl
200
VCL compiled.
vcl.list
200
active 0 boot
available 0 test1
vcl.use test1
200
VCL 'test1' now active
vcl.show test1
200
测试2
# vim test.vcl
在sub vcl_deliver（约60行左右） 段添加如下内容：
if (obj.hits>0) {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT";
} else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS";
}
# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082
vcl.load test2 test.vcl
200
VCL compiled.
vcl.use test2
200
VCL 'test2' now active
测试结果
# curl http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
Page 5 on Web1
# curl http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
Page 5 on Web1
# curl http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
Page 5 on Web1
# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 13:36:31 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 32784 13
Age: 35
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: HIT
Connection: keep-alive
总结：由于该网页之前被访问过，故X-Cache的值为HIT
# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test6.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 13:37:56 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 32786
Age: 0
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: MISS
Connection: keep-alive
总结：由于该网页之前未被访问过，故X-Cache的值MISS
# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test6.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 13:37:56 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 15 32787
Age: 25
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: HIT
Connection: keep-alive
总结：网页被访问过后，X-Cache的值就变为HIT
测试3（引入变量）
# vim test.vcl
在sub vcl_deliver（约65行左右） 段添加如下内容：
if (obj.hits>0) {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT from " + server.ip;
} else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS from " + server.ip;
}
# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082
vcl.load test3 test.vcl
200
VCL compiled.
vcl.use test3
200
VCL 'test3' now active
# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test7.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 14:09:05 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 32789
Age: 0
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: MISS from 192.168.1.131
Connection: keep-alive
# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test7.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 14:09:05 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 17 32790
Age: 33
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: HIT from 192.168.1.131
Connection: keep-alive
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