Python:操作PostgreSQL数据库(使用PyGreSQL)
昨天使用python写了操作嵌入式数据库SQLite的方法,今天用python写了针对个人比较熟悉的开源数据库PostgreSQL的常用操作,开发过程简介如下:一、环境信息:
1、操作系统:
RedHat Enterprise Linux 4
Windows XP SP2
2、数据库:
PostgreSQL8.3
3、 开发工具:
Eclipse+Pydev+python2.6+PyGreSQL(提供pg模块)
4、说明:
a、PostgreSQL数据库运行于RedHat Linux上,Windows下也要安装pgAdmin(访问PostgreSQL服务器的客户端)。
b、PyGreSQL(即pg)模块下载路径及API手册:http://www.pygresql.org/
二、配置:
1、将pgAdmin安装路径下以下子目录添加到系统环境变量中:
E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\lib
E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\bin
2、将python安装目录C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32下的dll文件拷贝到C:\WINDOWS\system32
3、说明:
a. 如果跳过以上两步,在import pg时将会报错,浪费较长时间才搞定。
b. 如果对PostgreSQL安装和配置不熟悉,请参考本博客中以下几篇文章:
《RedHat Linux上安装PostgreSQL》
《PostgreSQL服务端监听设置及客户端连接方法》
《PostgreSQL数据库创建、删除方法》
更多PostgreSQL相关知识请访问从我的博客专栏:PostgreSQL系列
三、程序实现:
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#导入日志及pg模块import loggingimport logging.configimport pg#日志配置文件名LOG_FILENAME = 'logging.conf'#日志语句提示信息LOG_CONTENT_NAME = 'pg_log'def log_init(log_config_filename, logname):'''Function:日志模块初始化函数Input:log_config_filename:日志配置文件名lognmae:每条日志前的提示语句Output: loggerauthor: socratesdate:2012-02-12'''logging.config.fileConfig(log_config_filename)logger = logging.getLogger(logname)return loggerdef operate_postgre_tbl_product():'''Function:操作pg数据库函数Input:NONEOutput: NONEauthor: socratesdate:2012-02-12'''pgdb_logger.debug("operate_postgre_tbl_product enter...") #连接数据库try:pgdb_conn = pg.connect(dbname = 'kevin_test', host = '192.168.230.128', user = 'dyx1024', passwd = '888888')except Exception, e:print e.argspgdb_logger.error("conntect postgre database failed, ret = %s" % e.args) return pgdb_logger.info("conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ.") #删除表sql_desc = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_product3;"try:pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc)except Exception, e:print 'drop table failed'pgdb_logger.error("drop table failed, ret = %s" % e.args)pgdb_conn.close()returnpgdb_logger.info("drop table(tbl_product3) succ.") #创建表sql_desc = '''CREATE TABLE tbl_product3(i_index INTEGER,sv_productname VARCHAR(32));'''try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc)except Exception, e:print 'create table failed'pgdb_logger.error("create table failed, ret = %s" % e.args)pgdb_conn.close()return pgdb_logger.info("create table(tbl_product3) succ.") #插入记录 sql_desc = "INSERT INTO tbl_product3(sv_productname) values('apple')"try:pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc)except Exception, e:print 'insert record into table failed'pgdb_logger.error("insert record into table failed, ret = %s" % e.args)pgdb_conn.close()return pgdb_logger.info("insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ.") #查询表 1 sql_desc = "select * from tbl_product3"for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult():print rowpgdb_logger.info("%s", row) #查询表2 sql_desc = "select * from tbl_test_port"for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult():print row pgdb_logger.info("%s", row) #关闭数据库连接 pgdb_conn.close() pgdb_logger.debug("operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving...") if __name__ == '__main__': #初始化日志系统pgdb_logger = log_init(LOG_FILENAME, LOG_CONTENT_NAME) #操作数据库operate_postgre_tbl_product()
四、测试:
1、运行后命令行打印结果:
{'sv_productname': 'apple', 'i_index': None}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 2, 'i_index': 1}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3, 'i_index': 2}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 5, 'i_index': 3}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 0, 'i_index': 5}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 18, 'i_index': 7}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 8, 'i_index': 8}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 7, 'i_index': 9}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 21, 'i_index': 10}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 23, 'i_index': 11}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 29, 'i_index': 12}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3000, 'i_index': 4}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 1999, 'i_index': 6}2、日志文件内容:
DEBUG:operate_postgre_tbl_product enter... (test_func.py:36)INFO:conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ. (test_func.py:46)INFO:drop table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:58)INFO:create table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:73)INFO:insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:85)INFO:{'sv_productname': 'apple', 'i_index': None} (test_func.py:91)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 2, 'i_index': 1} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3, 'i_index': 2} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 5, 'i_index': 3} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 0, 'i_index': 5} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 18, 'i_index': 7} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 8, 'i_index': 8} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 7, 'i_index': 9} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 21, 'i_index': 10} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 23, 'i_index': 11} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 29, 'i_index': 12} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3000, 'i_index': 4} (test_func.py:97)INFO:{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 1999, 'i_index': 6} (test_func.py:97)DEBUG:operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving... (test_func.py:101)
3、psql查看结果:
# su - postgres$ psql -U dyx1024 -d kevin_testpsql (8.4.2)Type "help" for help.kevin_test=# \dtList of relationsSchema | Name | Type| Owner --------+---------------+-------+----------------public | tbl_product3| table | dyx1024public | tbl_test_port | table | pg_test_user_3(2 rows)kevin_test=# select * from tbl_product3;i_index | sv_productname ---------+----------------| apple(1 row)kevin_test=# select * from tbl_test_port;i_index | i_port | i_status ---------+--------+----------1 | 2 | 12 | 3 | 13 | 5 | 15 | 0 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 8 | 19 | 7 | 110 | 21 | 111 | 23 | 112 | 29 | 14 | 3000 | 16 | 1999 | 1(12 rows)kevin_test=# \q$
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