LNMP+sphinx实现大数据秒查
Sphinx是由俄罗斯人Andrew Aksyonoff开发的一个全文检索引擎。意图为其他应用提供高速、低空间占用、高结果 相关度的全文搜索功能。Sphinx可以非常容易的与SQL数据库和脚本语言集成。当前系统内置MySQL和PostgreSQL 数据库数据源的支持，也支持从标准输入读取特定格式 的XML数据。Sphinx的特性如下：
a)高速的建立索引(在当代CPU上，峰值性能可达到10 MB/秒);
b)高性能的搜索(在2 – 4GB 的文本数据上，平均每次检索响应时间小于0.1秒);
c)可处理海量数据(目前已知可以处理超过100 GB的文本数据, 在单一CPU的系统上可处理100 M 文档);
d)提供了优秀的相关度算法，基于短语相似度和统计（BM25）的复合Ranking方法;
e)支持分布式搜索;
f)支持短语搜索
g)提供文档摘要生成
h)可作为MySQL的存储引擎提供搜索服务;
i)支持布尔、短语、词语相似度等多种检索模式;
j)文档支持多个全文检索字段(最大不超过32个);
k)文档支持多个额外的属性信息(例如：分组信息，时间戳等);
l)支持断词;
虽然mysql的MYISAM提供全文索引，但是性能却不敢让人恭维，另外数据库毕竟不是很善于做这样的事情，我们需要把这些活让给更适合的程序去做，减少数据库的压力。因此采用Sphinx来做mysql的全文索引工具是一个很好的选择。这个星期主要来学习这个这个工具的使用，下面将学习过程大致的记录一下，做个备忘，也希望能对学习这个工具的其他朋友有所启发。
[*]安装sphinx
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wget http://sphinxsearch.com/files/sphinx-2.2.11-release.tar.gz
tar -xf sphinx-2.2.11-release.tar.gz&& cd sphinx-2.2.11-release
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/spinx --with-mysql
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/
libsphinxclient 安装（PHP模块需要）
cd api/libsphinxclient
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/sphinx
make &&make install
2.安装php扩展
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wget http://pecl.php.net/get/sphinx-1.3.0.tgz
tar zxf sphinx-1.3.3.tgz && cd sphinx-1.3.3
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-sphinx=/usr/local/sphinx/
make &&make install
3.创建配置文件
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cp /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx-min.conf.dist/usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx.conf
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#
# Minimal Sphinx configuration sample (clean, simple, functional)
#
source src1
{
type = mysql
sql_host = localhost
sql_user = root
sql_pass = www.123
sql_db = test
sql_port = 3306# optional, default is 3306
sql_query = \
SELECT id, group_id, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date_added) AS date_added, title, content \
FROM documents
sql_attr_uint = group_id
sql_attr_timestamp = date_added
}
index test1
{
source = src1
path = /usr/local/spinx/var/data/test1
}
indexer
{
mem_limit = 32M
}
searchd
{
listen = 9312
listen = 9306:mysql41
log = /usr/local/spinx/var/log/searchd.log
query_log = /usr/local/spinx/var/log/query.log
read_timeout = 5
max_children = 30
pid_file = /usr/local/spinx/var/log/searchd.pid
seamless_rotate = 1
preopen_indexes = 1
unlink_old = 1
workers = threads # for RT to work
binlog_path = /usr/local/spinx/var/data
}
4.创建索引并启动
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/usr/local/spinx/bin/indexer-c /usr/local/spinx/etc/sphinx.conf --all
/usr/local/spinx/bin/searchd-c /usr/local/spinx/etc/sphinx.conf
5.查询验证
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cd /root/sphinx-2.2.11-release/api
python test.pytest
DEPRECATED: Do not call this method or, even better, use SphinxQL instead of an API
Query 'test ' retrieved 3 of 3 matches in 0.000 sec
Query stats:
'test' found 5 times in 3 documents
Matches:
1. doc_id=1, weight=2, group_id=1, date_added=2016-11-30 01:21:20
2. doc_id=2, weight=2, group_id=1, date_added=2016-11-30 01:21:20
3. doc_id=4, weight=1, group_id=2, date_added=2016-11-30 01:21:20
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mysql> select * from documents;
+----+----------+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | group_id | group_id2 | date_added | title | content |
+----+----------+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|1 | 1 | 5 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | test one | this is my test document number one. also checking search within phrases. |
|2 | 1 | 6 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | test two | this is my test document number two |
|3 | 2 | 7 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | another doc | this is another group |
|4 | 2 | 8 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | doc number four | this is to test groups |
+----+----------+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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