solr 使用安装介绍
1、先下载 Apache Solr 1.3 http://apache.etoak.com/lucene/solr/1.3.0/apache-solr-1.3.0.zip，解压到如 E:\apache-solr-1.3.0。
2、下载 Apache Tomcat 6.0.18 http://labs.xiaonei.com/apache-mirror/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.18/bin/apache-tomcat-6.0.18.zip，解压到如 E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18。
3、solr 安装到 tomcat。修改 E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\conf\server.xml，加个 URIEncoding="UTF-8"，把 8080 的那一块改为：
[*]<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
[*]
connectionTimeout="20000"
[*]
redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
把下面的内容保存到 E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\conf\Catalina\localhost\solr.xml，没有这个目录自行创建。
[*]<Context docBase="E:/apache-solr-1.3.0/dist/apache-solr-1.3.0.war" reloadable="true" >
[*]
<Environment name="solr/home" type="java.lang.String" value="E:/apache-solr-1.3.0/example/solr" override="true" />
[*]
</Context>
solr 的更多方式请看：solr install
4、现在安装好，启动 tomcat，并打开 http://localhost:8080/solr/admin/ 看看界面。
5、为搜索论坛帖子应用设计索引结构：
字段
说明
id
帖子 id
user
发表用户名或UserId
title
标题
content
内容
timestamp
发表时间
text
把标题和内容放到这里，可以用同时搜索这些内容。
6、上面的索引结构告诉 solr，把下面的内容覆盖 E:\apache-solr-1.3.0\example\solr\conf\scheam.xml，（可以先备份这文件，方便以后看官方示例）：
[*]<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
[*]
[*]
<schema name="example" version="1.1">
[*]
[*]
<types>
[*]
<fieldType name="string" class="solr.StrField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
[*]
<fieldType name="sint" class="solr.SortableIntField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
[*]
[*] <!-- The format for this date field is of the form 1995-12-31T23:59:59Z, and
[*] is a more restricted form of the canonical representation of dateTime
[*] http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime
[*] The trailing "Z" designates UTC time and is mandatory.
[*] Optional fractional seconds are allowed: 1995-12-31T23:59:59.999Z
[*] All other components are mandatory.
[*]
[*] Expressions can also be used to denote calculations that should be
[*] performed relative to "NOW" to determine the value, ie...
[*]
[*] NOW/HOUR
[*] ... Round to the start of the current hour
[*] NOW-1DAY
[*] ... Exactly 1 day prior to now
[*] NOW/DAY+6MONTHS+3DAYS
[*] ... 6 months and 3 days in the future from the start of
[*] the current day
[*]
[*] Consult the DateField javadocs for more information.
[*]
-->
[*]
<fieldType name="date" class="solr.DateField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
[*]
[*]
<fieldType name="text" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
[*]
<analyzer>
[*]
<tokenizer class="solr.CJKTokenizerFactory"/>
[*]
</analyzer>
[*]
</fieldType>
[*]
[*]
</types>
[*]
[*]
<fields>
[*]
<field name="id" type="sint" indexed="true" stored="true" required="true" />
[*]
<field name="user" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true"/>
[*]
<field name="title" type="text" indexed="true" stored="true"/>
[*]
<field name="content" type="text" indexed="true" stored="true" />
[*]
<field name="timestamp" type="date" indexed="true" stored="true" default="NOW"/>
[*]
[*] <!-- catchall field, containing all other searchable text fields (implemented
[*]
via copyField further on in this schema -->
[*]
<field name="text" type="text" indexed="true" stored="false" multiValued="true"/>
[*]
</fields>
[*]
[*] <!-- Field to use to determine and enforce document uniqueness.
[*]
Unless this field is marked with required="false", it will be a required field
[*]
-->
[*]
<uniqueKey>id</uniqueKey>
[*]
[*]
<!-- field for the QueryParser to use when an explicit fieldname is absent -->
[*]
<defaultSearchField>text</defaultSearchField>
[*]
[*]
<!-- SolrQueryParser configuration: defaultOperator="AND|OR" -->
[*]
<solrQueryParser defaultOperator="AND"/>
[*]
[*] <!-- copyField commands copy one field to another at the time a document
[*] is added to the index. It's used either to index the same field differently,
[*]
or to add multiple fields to the same field for easier/faster searching. -->
[*]
<!-- -->
[*]
<copyField source="title" dest="text"/>
[*]
<copyField source="content" dest="text"/>
[*]
[*]
</schema>
7、重启 tomcat，然后手动在 E:\apache-solr-1.3.0\example\exampledocs 创建两个 xml 数据文件。分别保存为 demo-doc1.xml 和 demo-doc2.xml：
[*]<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
[*]
<add>
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<field name="id">1</field>
[*]
<field name="user">chenlb</field>
[*]
<field name="title">solr 应用演讲</field>
[*]
<field name="content">这一小节是讲提交数据给服务器做索引，这里有一些数据，如：服务器，可以试查找它。</field>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
</add>
[*]<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
[*]
<add>
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<field name="id">2</field>
[*]
<field name="user">bory.chan</field>
[*]
<field name="title">搜索引擎</field>
[*]
<field name="content">搜索服务器那边有很多数据。</field>
[*]
<field name="timestamp">2009-02-18T00:00:00Z</field>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<field name="id">3</field>
[*]
<field name="user">other</field>
[*]
<field name="title">这是什么</field>
[*]
<field name="content">你喜欢什么运动？篮球？</field>
[*]
<field name="timestamp">2009-02-18T12:33:05.123Z</field>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
</add>
8、提交数据做索引，到 E:\apache-solr-1.3.0\example\exampledocs，运行：
E:\apache-solr-1.3.0\example\exampledocs>java -Durl=http://localhost:8080/solr/update -Dcommit=yes -jar post.jar demo-doc*.xml
SimplePostTool: version 1.2
SimplePostTool: WARNING: Make sure your XML documents are encoded in UTF-8, other encodings are not currently supported
SimplePostTool: POSTing files to http://localhost:8080/solr/update..
SimplePostTool: POSTing file demo-doc1.xml
SimplePostTool: POSTing file demo-doc2.xml
SimplePostTool: COMMITting Solr index changes..
9、查看搜索结果：
所有内容 http://localhost:8080/solr/select/?q=*%3A*&version=2.2&start=0&rows=10&indent=on
[*]<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
[*]
<response>
[*]
[*]
<lst name="responseHeader">
[*]
<int name="status">0</int>
[*]
<int name="QTime">0</int>
[*]
<lst name="params">
[*]
<str name="indent">on</str>
[*]
<str name="start">0</str>
[*]
<str name="q">*:*</str>
[*]
<str name="rows">10</str>
[*]
<str name="version">2.2</str>
[*]
</lst>
[*]
</lst>
[*]
<result name="response" numFound="3" start="0">
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<str name="content">这一小节是讲提交数据给服务器做索引，这里有一些数据，如：服务器，可以试查找它。</str>
[*]
<int name="id">1</int>
[*]
<date name="timestamp">2009-05-27T04:07:54.89Z</date>
[*]
<str name="title">solr 应用演讲</str>
[*]
<str name="user">chenlb</str>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<str name="content">搜索服务器那边有很多数据。</str>
[*]
<int name="id">2</int>
[*]
<date name="timestamp">2009-02-18T00:00:00Z</date>
[*]
<str name="title">搜索引擎</str>
[*]
<str name="user">bory.chan</str>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<str name="content">你喜欢什么运动？篮球？</str>
[*]
<int name="id">3</int>
[*]
<date name="timestamp">2009-02-18T12:33:05.123Z</date>
[*]
<str name="title">这是什么</str>
[*]
<str name="user">other</str>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
</result>
[*]
</response>
bory.chan 用户的：http://localhost:8080/solr/select/?q=user%3Abory.chan&version=2.2&start=0&rows=10&indent=on
[*]<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
[*]
<response>
[*]
[*]
<lst name="responseHeader">
[*]
<int name="status">0</int>
[*]
<int name="QTime">0</int>
[*]
<lst name="params">
[*]
<str name="indent">on</str>
[*]
<str name="start">0</str>
[*]
<str name="q">user:bory.chan</str>
[*]
<str name="rows">10</str>
[*]
<str name="version">2.2</str>
[*]
</lst>
[*]
</lst>
[*]
<result name="response" numFound="1" start="0">
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<str name="content">搜索服务器那边有很多数据。</str>
[*]
<int name="id">2</int>
[*]
<date name="timestamp">2009-02-18T00:00:00Z</date>
[*]
<str name="title">搜索引擎</str>
[*]
<str name="user">bory.chan</str>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
</result>
[*]
</response>
时间 http://localhost:8080/solr/select/?q=timestamp%3A%5B%222009-02-18T00%3A00%3A00Z%22+TO+%222009-02-19T00%3A00%3A00Z%22%5D&version=2.2&start=0&rows=10&indent=on
[*]<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
[*]
<response>
[*]
[*]
<lst name="responseHeader">
[*]
<int name="status">0</int>
[*]
<int name="QTime">16</int>
[*]
<lst name="params">
[*]
<str name="indent">on</str>
[*]
<str name="start">0</str>
[*]
<str name="q">timestamp:["2009-02-18T00:00:00Z" TO "2009-02-19T00:00:00Z"]</str>
[*]
<str name="rows">10</str>
[*]
<str name="version">2.2</str>
[*]
</lst>
[*]
</lst>
[*]
<result name="response" numFound="2" start="0">
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<str name="content">搜索服务器那边有很多数据。</str>
[*]
<int name="id">2</int>
[*]
<date name="timestamp">2009-02-18T00:00:00Z</date>
[*]
<str name="title">搜索引擎</str>
[*]
<str name="user">bory.chan</str>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
<doc>
[*]
<str name="content">你喜欢什么运动？篮球？</str>
[*]
<int name="id">3</int>
[*]
<date name="timestamp">2009-02-18T12:33:05.123Z</date>
[*]
<str name="title">这是什么</str>
[*]
<str name="user">other</str>
[*]
</doc>
[*]
</result>
[*]
</response>
常用的 solr 查询参数请看：solr 查询参数说明
简单的示例已经完成了，索引文件（默认）会在 CWD/solr/data/index 目录下，要改为 solr.home/data目录下，在 F:\apache-solr-1.3.0\example\solr\conf\solrconfig.xml 把 dataDir 注释掉，如：
[*]<!--
[*]<dataDir>${solr.data.dir:./solr/data}</dataDir>
[*]-->
<!--
<dataDir>${solr.data.dir:./solr/data}</dataDir>
-->
说明：上面没有使用中文分词，用官方的 CJK 分词，另外有 mmseg4j 中文分词的示例，请看：solr 中文分词 mmseg4j 使用例子
[转载收藏：http://www.cnblogs.com/cy163/archive/2009/09/18/1569681.html]
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