开发Ansible modules模块来自定义集群管理
前沿：在一些个特定环境下，用ansible做集群管理还是很棒的，这两天看了他的模块，官方提供了很多，就算不够，你也可以自定义定制。 话说我挺喜欢他的modules模块的，够直接 ！！！
我这里就说些常见的ansible的modules吧。
下面的ansible service一看大家就懂了，就是服务状态的管理模块
Python
$ ansible web -m service -a "name=nginx state=started" 10.150.145.53 | success >> { "changed": false, "name": "nginx", "state": "started" } $
$ ansible web -m service -a "name=nginx state=started"
10.150.145.53 | success >> {
"changed": false,
"name": "nginx",
"state": "started"
}
$
紧接着我们想知道他是否真的启动了，调用command模块，用来执行系统的命令。 lsof -i :80 返回值告诉我们，nginx已经ok了。
ansible web -m command -a “你要推送的命令”
Python
$ ansible web -a "lsof -i :80" 10.150.145.53 | success | rc=0 。。 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 17996 root 6u IPv4 130868107 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 18030 nginx 6u IPv4 130868107 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 18031 nginx 6u IPv4 130868107 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 18032 nginx 6u IPv4 130868107 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 18033 nginx 6u IPv4 130868107 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) $
$ ansible web -a "lsof -i :80"
10.150.145.53 | success | rc=0 。。
COMMAND PIDUSER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx 17996root 6uIPv4 130868107 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx 18030 nginx 6uIPv4 130868107 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx 18031 nginx 6uIPv4 130868107 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx 18032 nginx 6uIPv4 130868107 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx 18033 nginx 6uIPv4 130868107 0t0TCP *:http (LISTEN)
$
但是貌似command模块不识别管道，这个有点郁闷。
Python
Run cmd command: * variables like $HOME and operations like "<", ">", "|", and "&" will not work in command. ansible lamp -m command -a 'iptables -nL'
Run cmd
command:
*variables like $HOME and operations like "<", ">", "|", and "&" will not work in command.
ansible lamp -m command -a 'iptables -nL'
Python
$ ansible web -m command -a "ps aux|grep nginx" 10.150.145.53 | FAILED | rc=1 。。 ERROR: Unsupported option (BSD syntax) ********* simple selection ********* ********* selection by list ********* -A all processes -C by command name -N negate selection -G by real group ID (supports names) -a all w/ tty except session leaders -U by real user ID (supports names) -d all except session leaders -g by session OR by effective group name -e all processes -p by process ID T all processes on this terminal -s processes in the sessions given a all w/ tty, including other users -t by tty g OBSOLETE -- DO NOT USE -u by effective user ID (supports names) r only running processes U processes for specified users
$ ansible web -m command -a "ps aux|grep nginx"
10.150.145.53 | FAILED | rc=1 。。
ERROR: Unsupported option (BSD syntax)
********* simple selection ****************** selection by list *********
-A all processes -C by command name
-N negate selection -G by real group ID (supports names)
-a all w/ tty except session leaders-U by real user ID (supports names)
-d all except session leaders -g by session OR by effective group name
-e all processes -p by process ID
Tall processes on this terminal -s processes in the sessions given
aall w/ tty, including other users-t by tty
gOBSOLETE -- DO NOT USE -u by effective user ID (supports names)
ronly running processes Uprocesses for specified users
除了自己写模块外，还可以调用shell、raw模块来解决这个问题
Python
$ ansible web -m shell -a "ps aux|grep nginx" 10.150.145.53 | success | rc=0 .. root 14526 0.0 0.0 106088 1144 ? S 10:04 0:00 /bin/sh -c ps aux|grep nginx root 14528 0.0 0.0 103240 844 ? S 10:04 0:00 grep nginx root 17996 0.0 0.2 99424 4752 ? Ss May14 0:00 nginx: master process nginx nginx 18030 0.5 0.3 103436 7228 ? S May14 14:41 nginx: worker process nginx 18031 0.5 0.3 103916 7284 ? S May14 14:50 nginx: worker process nginx 18032 0.5 0.3 103436 7240 ? S May14 14:49 nginx: worker process nginx 18033 0.5 0.3 104140 7328 ? S May14 14:54 nginx: worker process
$ ansible web -m shell -a "ps aux|grep nginx"
10.150.145.53 | success | rc=0 ..
root 145260.00.0 1060881144 ? S 10:04 0:00 /bin/sh -c ps aux|grep nginx
root 145280.00.0 103240 844 ? S 10:04 0:00 grep nginx
root 179960.00.2994244752 ? Ss May14 0:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx 180300.50.3 1034367228 ? S May1414:41 nginx: worker process
nginx 180310.50.3 1039167284 ? S May1414:50 nginx: worker process
nginx 180320.50.3 1034367240 ? S May1414:49 nginx: worker process
nginx 180330.50.3 1041407328 ? S May1414:54 nginx: worker process
关于ping模块，其实这个没啥讲解的。。。
Python
$ ansible web -m ping 10.150.145.53 | success 。。 { "changed": false, "ping": "pong" }
$ ansible web -m ping
10.150.145.53 | success 。。 {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
关于业务的redis的模块
Python
$ ansible web -m redis -a "command=flush flush_mode=all" 10.150.145.53 | success { "changed": true, "flushed": true }
$ ansible web -m redis -a "command=flush flush_mode=all"
10.150.145.53 | success{
"changed": true,
"flushed": true
}
官方给的一些例子还是很全面的。
Python
# Set local redis instance to be slave of melee.island on port 6377 - redis: command=slave master_host=melee.island master_port=6377 # Deactivate slave mode - redis: command=slave slave_mode=master # Flush all the redis db - redis: command=flush flush_mode=all # Flush only one db in a redis instance - redis: command=flush db=1 flush_mode=db # Configure local redis to have 10000 max clients - redis: command=config name=maxclients value=10000 # Configure local redis to have lua time limit of 100 ms - redis: command=config name=lua-time-limit value=100
# Set local redis instance to be slave of melee.island on port 6377
- redis: command=slave master_host=melee.island master_port=6377
# Deactivate slave mode
- redis: command=slave slave_mode=master
# Flush all the redis db
- redis: command=flush flush_mode=all
# Flush only one db in a redis instance
- redis: command=flush db=1 flush_mode=db
# Configure local redis to have 10000 max clients
- redis: command=config name=maxclients value=10000
# Configure local redis to have lua time limit of 100 ms
- redis: command=config name=lua-time-limit value=100
再来搞噶ansible cron计划任务模块的使用 !
在l.yaml里面加入
Python
tasks: - cron: name="check dirs" hour="5,2" job="ls -alh > /dev/null" - name: create {{ user }} on web user: name="{{ user }}"
tasks:
- cron: name="check dirs" hour="5,2" job="ls -alh > /dev/null"
- name: create {{ user }} on web
user: name="{{ user }}"
如果咱们想看下 一个模块的使用方法，需要调用ansible-doc的命令。
Python
$ ansible-doc ping > PING A trivial test module, this module always returns `pong' on successful contact. It does not make sense in playbooks, but it is useful from `/usr/bin/ansible' Example: ansible webservers -m ping
$ ansible-doc ping
> PING
A trivial test module, this module always returns `pong' on
successful contact. It does not make sense in playbooks, but it is
useful from `/usr/bin/ansible'
Example:
ansible webservers -m ping
在这里有大量的模块，大家可以好好看看，当然ansible也是可以自己开发模块的。 他的写法和saltstack有些相像。。。。
这是ansible官方的modules模块index地址： (里面有很多很多的模块)
http://docs.ansible.com/modules.html
一会会做相关的补充
Python
#添加一个用户，shell环境指定到/bin/bash - user: name=james shell=/bin/bash groups=admins,developers append=yes # 删除一个用户 - user: name=johnd state=absent remove=yes # 创建ssh key - user: name=jsmith generate_ssh_key=yes ssh_key_bits=2048 # 开启路由转发的功能 - sysctl: name="net.ipv4.ip_forward" value=1 sysctl_set=yes #下载 - name: download foo.conf get_url: url=http://xiaorui.cc/path/file.conf dest=/etc/foo.conf mode=0440
#添加一个用户，shell环境指定到/bin/bash
- user: name=james shell=/bin/bash groups=admins,developers append=yes
# 删除一个用户
- user: name=johnd state=absent remove=yes
# 创建ssh key
- user: name=jsmith generate_ssh_key=yes ssh_key_bits=2048
# 开启路由转发的功能
- sysctl: name="net.ipv4.ip_forward" value=1 sysctl_set=yes
#下载
- name: download foo.conf
get_url: url=http://www.iyunv.com/path/file.conf dest=/etc/foo.conf mode=0440
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