OSPF路由聚合实验(详细)
理论准备:利用abr-summary 过滤区域内的路由,对区域类型没有要求。
利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由,需要在区域内部的ASBR上配置,当ASBR很多时,配置比较复杂。
利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由,只需要在ABR上配置,但是要求区域必需为NSSA 。
not-advertise参数:不通告匹配指定IP地址/掩码的路由
一、实验证明以下两点
利用abr-summary 过滤区域内的路由
abr-summary ip-address mask [ advertise | not-advertise ]
利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由
asbr-summary ip-address mask [ not-advertise | tag tag-value ]
拓扑如下,配置会在最后会贴出来,设备用的是华三的模拟器
1、1配置聚合前:
<R4>dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 15 Routes : 15
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
3.3.3.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
3.3.3.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.1.1/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
6.1.2.1/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
6.1.3.1/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
7.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
10.1.1.4/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
R4的路由表中有三条O_ASE 6.1.0.0/16网段
dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.4
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.1
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
Router 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.4 81284 80000004 0
Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 81348 80000002 0
Sum-Net 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.3 82128 80000001 1562
Sum-Asbr10.1.1.2 10.1.1.3 82128 80000001 1562
AS External Database
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
External6.1.2.1 10.1.1.2 26636 80000001 1
External6.1.3.1 10.1.1.2 26636 80000001 1
External6.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 26636 80000001 1
External3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 85436 80000001 1
External3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 85436 80000001 1
External10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 85436 80000001 1
dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
4.4.4.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
6.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
7.1.2.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
7.1.3.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
R1的路由表中有三条ospf路由到 7.1.0.0/16网段
下面我们再来分析R1的LSA
dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.2
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.0
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 77848 80000003 0
Router 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 78248 80000002 0
Sum-Net 4.4.4.0 10.1.1.3 76028 80000001 1562
Sum-Net 7.1.3.1 10.1.1.3 18228 80000001 1562
Sum-Net 7.1.2.1 10.1.1.3 18228 80000001 1562
Sum-Net 7.1.1.1 10.1.1.3 18228 80000001 1562
AS External Database
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
External6.1.2.1 10.1.1.2 20236 80000001 1
External6.1.3.1 10.1.1.2 20236 80000001 1
External6.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 20236 80000001 1
External3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 79136 80000001 1
External3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 79136 80000001 1
External10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 79136 80000001 1
1、2 在R1上加入如命令后:
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.2
asbr-summary 6.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
import-route direct
在R2的区域1配置聚合的命令后
area 0.0.0.1
abr-summary 7.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
我们再来看路由表
<R4>dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
3.3.3.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
3.3.3.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.0.0/16 O_ASE1502 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1//聚合成功
7.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
10.1.1.4/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.4
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.1
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
Router 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.4 39184 80000005 0
Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 39348 80000003 0
Sum-Net 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.3 40128 80000002 1562
Sum-Asbr10.1.1.2 10.1.1.3 40128 80000002 1562
AS External Database
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
External6.1.0.0 10.1.1.2 7436 80000001 2
External3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 42936 80000002 1
External3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 42936 80000002 1
External10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 42936 80000002 1
external 6.1.0.0/24的五类LSA由三条变为一条,说明聚合成功
<R1>dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
4.4.4.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
6.1.0.0/16 OSPF 2550 0.0.0.0 NULL0
6.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.0.0/16 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 //可见7.1.0.0/16网段已经聚合成功
10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.2
Link State Database
Area: 0.0.0.0
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 35748 80000004 0
Router 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 36348 80000003 0
Sum-Net 4.4.4.0 10.1.1.3 34028 80000002 1562
Sum-Net 7.1.0.0 10.1.1.3 2928 80000001 1562
AS External Database
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter AgeLen Sequence Metric
External6.1.0.0 10.1.1.2 1136 80000001 2
External3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 36736 80000002 1
External3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 36736 80000002 1
External10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 36736 80000002 1
sum-net LSA 7.1.0.0/16由三条变为两条,聚合成功
附加说明:
利用abr-summary 过滤区域内的路由,对区域类型没有要求。
利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由,需要在区域内部的ASBR上配置,当ASBR很多时,配置比较复杂。
利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由,只需要在ABR上配置,但是要求区域必需为NSSA 。
二、用实验证明加了not-advertise后不通告匹配指定IP地址/掩码的路由。
在R1上加入如命令后:
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.2 not-advertise
asbr-summary 6.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
import-route direct
在R2的区域1配置聚合的命令后
area 0.0.0.1
abr-summary 7.1.0.0 255.255.0.0not-advertise
1、我们来看R4的路由表
<R4>dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 14 Routes : 14
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
2.2.2.0/30 OSPF 10 4686 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
2.2.2.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
3.3.3.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
3.3.3.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
7.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE1501 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
10.1.1.4/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
没有6.1.0.0/16网段的路由,说明ASBR没有把这个网段通告出来
2、我们来看R1的路由表
dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
2.2.2.0/30 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 S0/6/3
2.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 S0/6/3
3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
4.4.4.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
6.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
6.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
没有7.1.0.0/16网段的路由,说明ASB没有把这个网段通告出来
这里要注间了,是ABR没有通网段通告出来,那ABR上应当有7.1.0.0/16的路由,也就是说R4是把路由传给R2的
请看R2的路由表
dis ip ro
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 15 Routes : 15
Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost NextHop Interface
2.2.2.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
2.2.2.2/32 O_ASE1501 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0
3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1
4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
7.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
7.1.2.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
7.1.3.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1
10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE1501 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0
10.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
好了,实验到此结束,欢迎大家在线交流,共同学习
配置如下
R1
dis cu
#
version 5.20, Alpha 1011
#
sysname R1
#
password-control login-attempt 3 exceed lock-time 120
#
undo voice vlan mac-address 00e0-bb00-0000
#
ipsec cpu-backup enable
#
undo cryptoengine enable
#
domain default enable system
#
vlan 1
#
domain system
access-limit disable
state active
idle-cut disable
self-service-url disable
#
interface Serial0/6/0
link-protocol ppp
ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface Serial0/6/1
link-protocol ppp
#
interface Serial0/6/2
link-protocol ppp
#
interface Serial0/6/3
link-protocol ppp
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 6.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack2
ip address 6.1.2.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack3
ip address 6.1.3.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface Ethernet0/4/0
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/1
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/2
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/3
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/4
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/5
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/6
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/7
port link-mode bridge
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.2
asbr-summary 6.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 not-advertise
import-route direct
area 0.0.0.0
network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.3
#
load xml-configuration
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
R2
<R2>dis cu
#
version 5.20, Alpha 1011
#
sysname R2
#
password-control login-attempt 3 exceed lock-time 120
#
undo voice vlan mac-address 00e0-bb00-0000
#
ipsec cpu-backup enable
#
undo cryptoengine enable
#
domain default enable system
#
vlan 1
#
domain system
access-limit disable
state active
idle-cut disable
self-service-url disable
#
interface Serial0/6/0
link-protocol ppp
ip address 3.3.3.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface Serial0/6/1
link-protocol ppp
ip address 4.4.4.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface Serial0/6/2
link-protocol ppp
#
interface Serial0/6/3
link-protocol ppp
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.255
#
interface Ethernet0/4/0
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/1
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/2
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/3
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/4
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/5
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/6
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/7
port link-mode bridge
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.3
area 0.0.0.1
abr-summary 7.1.0.0 255.255.0.0not-advertise
network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.3
#
load xml-configuration
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
R4
dis cu
#
version 5.20, Alpha 1011
#
sysname R4
#
password-control login-attempt 3 exceed lock-time 120
#
undo voice vlan mac-address 00e0-bb00-0000
#
ipsec cpu-backup enable
#
undo cryptoengine enable
#
domain default enable system
#
vlan 1
#
domain system
access-limit disable
state active
idle-cut disable
self-service-url disable
#
interface Serial0/6/0
link-protocol ppp
#
interface Serial0/6/1
link-protocol ppp
ip address 4.4.4.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface Serial0/6/2
link-protocol ppp
#
interface Serial0/6/3
link-protocol ppp
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.1.4 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 7.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack2
ip address 7.1.2.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack3
ip address 7.1.3.1 255.255.255.255
#
interface Ethernet0/4/0
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/1
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/2
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/3
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/4
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/5
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/6
port link-mode bridge
#
interface Ethernet0/4/7
port link-mode bridge
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.4
area 0.0.0.1
network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.3
network 7.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 7.1.2.1 0.0.0.0
network 7.1.3.1 0.0.0.0
#
load xml-configuration
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
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