24 虚拟主机与Tomcat【Virtual Hosting and Tomcat】
Apache Tomcat 6.0虚拟主机与Tomcat【Virtual Hosting and Tomcat】
<!--()-->目录【Table of Contents】
[*]背景【Assumptions】
[*]
server.xml
[*]Web应用目录【Webapps Directory】
[*]配置环境【Configuring Your Contexts】
[*]综述【General】
[*]context.xml 配置方法#1【context.xml - approach #1】
[*]context.xml 配置方法#2 【context.xml - approach #2】
[*]进阶内容【Further Information】
背景【Assumptions】
作为全文的背景，假设你要将你开发的应用程序映射到名叫ren和stimpy的主机名上。还要假设，有一个正在运行的Tomcat服务，$CATALINA_HOME 是对于这个服务的安装路径的引用，例如：/usr/local/tomcat。
【For the sake of this how-to, assume you have a development host with two host names, ren and stimpy. Let's also assume one instance of Tomcat running, so $CATALINA_HOME refers to wherever it's installed, perhaps /usr/local/tomcat. 】
另外，文中会使用unix系统的路径分隔符和命令；如果你使用的是windows系统，请自行修改。
【Also, this how-to uses Unix-style path separators and commands; if you're on Windows modify accordingly. 】
server.xml
作为最简单的方法，就是去编辑server.xml文件的Enging元素，像下面这样：
【At the simplest, edit the Engine portion of your server.xml file to look like this: 】
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<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="ren">
<Host name="ren" appBase="renapps"/>
<Host name="stimpy" appBase="stimpyapps"/>
</Engine>
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注意，每个应用的appBase下的目录结构都可能不太一样。可以查看Engine和Host元素的属性的相关文档。
【Note that the directory structures under the appBase for each host should not overlap each other.
Consult the configuration documentation for other attributes of the Engine and Host elements. 】
<!--()-->Web应用目录【Webapps Directory】
为每一个虚拟主机创建如下的目录结构：
【Create directories for each of the virtual hosts: 】
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mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/renapps
mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/stimpyapps
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<!--()-->配置环境【Configuring Your Contexts】
综述【General】
Contexts元素通常位于appBase目录下。例如，将ren虚拟主机映射到foobar.war这个文件上，使用$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/foobar.war。虚拟主机ren的默认或者ROOT环境是$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT.war (WAR)或者 $CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT (directory).
【Contexts are normally located underneath the appBase directory. For example, to deploy the foobar context as a war file in the ren host, use $CATALINA_HOME/renapps/foobar.war. Note that the default or ROOT context for ren would be deployed as $CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT.war (WAR) or $CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT (directory). 】
注意：一个主机环境下的docBase与appBase是不同的。
【NOTE: The docBase for a context should never be the same as the appBase for a host. 】
<!--()-->context.xml配置方法1【context.xml - approach #1】
在你的环境下，创建一个META-INF目录，将你的环境上下文定义写在这个目录下的context.xml文件中。例如$CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT/META-INF/context.xml 这样使得你将应用打包成一个war文件时，部署是非常容易的。
【Within your Context, create a META-INF directory and then place your Context definition in it in a file named context.xml. i.e. $CATALINA_HOME/renapps/ROOT/META-INF/context.xml This makes deployment easier, particularly if you're distributing a WAR file. 】
<!--()-->context.xml配置方法1【context.xml - approach #2】
在$CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina 下创建与你的虚拟主机一致的结构，例如：
【Create a structure under $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina corresponding to your virtual hosts, e.g.: 】
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mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/ren
mkdir $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/stimpy
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注意上面Catalina目录后面的目录名称，这个名字与Enging元素的name属性一致。
【Note that the ending directory name "Catalina" represents the name attribute of the Engine element as shown above. 】
现在对于你的默认应用，添加如下：
【Now, for your default webapps, add: 】
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$CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/ren/ROOT.xml
$CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/stimpy/ROOT.xml
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如果你需要使用Tomcat manager管理所有主机的web应用，你需要再进行如下操作：
【If you want to use the Tomcat manager webapp for each host, you'll also need to add it here: 】
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cd $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina
cp localhost/manager.xml ren/
cp localhost/manager.xml stimpy/
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<!--()-->进阶内容【Further Information】
请查阅Context元素的其他属性的配置文档
【Consult the configuration documentation for other attributes of the Context element. 】
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终于在年前将Tomcat6新增的这几篇文档翻译完了，这些日子一直查看自己的博客，根本就没人看呀，呵呵，可见自己根本没有人气。要努力了。今天是大年二十九，上班的最后一天，明天放假准备过年，祝我新的一年取得理想的成绩。
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