Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat实现消息服务
基于Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat，我使用的版本情况如下所示：Spring 2.5
ActiveMQ 5.4.0
Tomcat 6.0.30
下面通过学习与配置，实现消息服务的基本功能：发送与接收。Spring对JMS提供了很好的支持，可以通过JmsTemplate来方便地实现消息服务。这里，我们的消息服务不涉及事务管理。下面简单说明实现过程：
先看一下，我们最终的Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容，如下所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core.xsd">
<bean id="listenerContainer"
class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property>
<property name="destination" ref="messageQueue"></property>
<property name="messageListener" ref="receiveMessageListener"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="messageQueue" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="receiveMessageListener"
class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener"></bean>
<bean id="messageSender" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.MessageSender">
<property name="jmsTemplate" ref="jmsTemplate"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property>
<property name="defaultDestination" ref="messageQueue"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sendMessageController"
class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController">
<property name="messageSender" ref="messageSender" />
<property name="successView" value="/success" />
</bean>
<bean id="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/sendMessage.do">sendMessageController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" />
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
我们使用Spring的org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer来收集消息，通过设置一个消息监听器，具体实现类为org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener，代码如下所示：
package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
public class ReceiveMessageListener implements MessageListener {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(ReceiveMessageListener.class);
public void onMessage(Message message) {
if (message instanceof TextMessage) {
TextMessage text = (TextMessage) message;
try {
LOG.info("Received message:" + text.getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
上面，对发送的消息进行监听，并接收处理，我们只是简单地打印出一条日志内容。
对于listenerContainer，还需要注入连接工厂connectionFactory和消息目的destination这两个属性：connectionFactory我们使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory，并通过JNDI服务，绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory上；而destination属性通过使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue消息队列，也是通过JNDI服务绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue上。所以，在Tomcat的conf/context.xml中的<Context>元素里面加上如下配置：
<Resource name="myJMS/ConnectionFactory"
auth="Container"
type="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory"
description="JMS Connection Factory"
factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory"
brokerURL="vm://shirdrnUrl"
brokerName="MyActiveMQBroker"/>
<Resource name="myJMS/MessageQueue"
auth="Container"
type="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue"
description="My Message Queue"
factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory"
physicalName="MyMessageQueue"/>
我们通过使用JmsTemplate来实现消息的发送，所以实现的发送类要将JmsTemplate注入进去，实现代码如下所示：
package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
public class MessageSender {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(MessageSender.class);
private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) {
this.jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate;
}
public void sendMessage(final String message) {
LOG.info("Send message: " + message);
jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {
public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage(message);
return textMessage;
}
});
}
}
上面基于Spring的MessageCreator来创建消息，通过调用JmsTemplate的send方法发送出去。
对于Web，我们使用了Spring MVC，通过实现一个控制器org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController来控制页面消息的发送及其视图的派发。我们实现的SendMessageController类继承自MultiActionController，可以在一个控制器中实现多个Action，代码实现如下所示：
package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;
public class SendMessageController extends MultiActionController {
private String successView;
private MessageSender messageSender;
public ModelAndView sendMessage(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
Map<String, Object> retMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
String message = request.getParameter("message");
messageSender.sendMessage(message);
return new ModelAndView(successView, retMap);
}
public String getSuccessView() {
return successView;
}
public void setSuccessView(String successView) {
this.successView = successView;
}
public MessageSender getMessageSender() {
return messageSender;
}
public void setMessageSender(MessageSender messageSender) {
this.messageSender = messageSender;
}
}
上面调用模型层（Model）的MessageSender来实现发送消息的处理逻辑，如果发送成功，视图派发到successView指定的页面。可以看到，最前面我们给出的Spring配置内容分为三组，最后一组是对控制器的配置：
viewResolver 视图解析器配置，可以将控制器中指定前缀（/）解析为后缀是.jsp的页面，例如/success解析为/sucess.jsp
urlMapping 请求URL与控制器的映射，例如对于满足/sendMessage.do模式的请求，都会被指派给sendMessageController去处理
sendMessageController 控制器实现类，里面的方法名称可以自定义，但要在org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping中的mappings属性中配置映射
然后，我们需要一个web部署描述文件，web.xml文件配置内容，如下所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
另外，我们还要实现一个页面，提供输入发送消息的表单，提交后交给后台处理，成功发送后跳转到一个成功页面。表单输入页面为index.jsp，如下所示：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href=../../"<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href=../../"styles.css" mce_href=../../"styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black">
<form action="sendMessage.do" method="post">
<table align="center">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">
消息发送控制台
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
消息内容：
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="message">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" colspan="2">
<input type="reset" value="清除">
<input type="submit" value="发送">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
成功页面为success.jsp，就是给一个成功的提示信息，如下所示：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href=../../"<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href=../../"styles.css" mce_href=../../"styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black">
<form action="sendMessage.do" method="post">
<table align="center">
<tr>
<th colspan="2">
消息发送报告
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
状态：发送成功
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" colspan="2">
<a href=../../"index.jsp" mce_href=../../"index.jsp">返回</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
至此，我们可以将实现的简单web工程发布到Tomcat容器，然后启动Tomcat服务器，通过页面可以发送消息，并通过日志查看，实际消息发送和接收的情况
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