Solr自学笔记 1 —— Solr部署，添加，更新，删除
1.solr介绍：自查wiki2.环境部署
1）下载地址:http://lucene.apache.org/solr/mirrors-solr-latest-redir.html
2）需要的环境：
1.Java 1.7 or greater. Some places you can get it are from Oracle, Open JDK, or IBM.
Running java -version at the command line should indicate a version number starting with 1.7.
Gnu's GCJ is not supported and does not work with Solr.
2.A Solr release.
3）官方文档
docs目录下,如下图所示：
3.教程详情
1）启动solr服务
这里使用的是官方自带的例子:start.jar ,将下载的压缩包解压到E:盘中,通过以下命令行
[*]E:\solr-4.8.0\example>java -jar start.jar
这里执行的是含有Solr WAR的jetty服务器和相应的配置文件
Solr can run in any Java Servlet Container of your choice, but to simplify this tutorial, the example index includes a small installation of Jetty.
To launch Jetty with the Solr WAR, and the example configs, just run the start.jar ...
此时，可以通过浏览器,输入http://localhost:8983/solr/ 就可以查看Solr的管理界面
2）此时Solr服务已经运行，但是它并不包含任何数据，你可以通过修改Solr索引，使用POST命令的方式向Solr中增加，更新和删除信息。
3）添加数据
这里通过以下命令行,要保证上面的solr服务一定要运行
添加数据的的数据格式，包含：
xml: application/xml,text/xml;
json: application/xml,text/json;
csv : application/csv,text/csv;
javabin: application/javabin;
向Solr中添加数据的方式，包含：
[*]
[*]Import records from a database using the Data Import Handler (DIH). 数据库
[*]Load a CSV file (comma separated values), including those exported by Excel or MySQL. CSV文件
[*]POST JSON documentsJSON文档
[*]Index binary documents such as Word and PDF with Solr Cell (ExtractingRequestHandler).Solr格式的pdf和word字节文档
[*]Use SolrJ for Java or other Solr clients to programatically create documents to send to Solr.使用SolrJ或者Solr客户端编码的方式创建文档
[*]E:\solr-4.8.0\example\exampledoc> java -jar post.jar solr.xml monitor.xml
执行成功结果：
SimplePostTool version 1.5
Posting files to base url http://localhost:8983/solr/update using content-type a
pplication/xml..
POSTing file solr.xml
POSTing file monitor.xml
2 files indexed.
COMMITting Solr index changes to http://localhost:8983/solr/update..
Time spent: 0:00:00.840
[*]solr.xml中内容:
<add>
<doc>
<field name="id">SOLR1000</field>
<field name="name">Solr, the Enterprise Search Server</field>
<field name="manu">Apache Software Foundation</field>
<field name="cat">software</field>
<field name="cat">search</field>
<field name="features">Advanced Full-Text Search Capabilities using Lucene</field>
<field name="features">Optimized for High Volume Web Traffic</field>
<field name="features">Standards Based Open Interfaces - XML and HTTP</field>
<field name="features">Comprehensive HTML Administration Interfaces</field>
<field name="features">Scalability - Efficient Replication to other Solr Search Servers
</field>
<field name="features">Flexible and Adaptable with XML configuration and Schema</field>
<field name="features">Good unicode support: héllo (hello with an accent over the e)
</field>
<field name="price">0</field>
<field name="popularity">10</field>
<field name="inStock">true</field>
<field name="incubationdate_dt">2006-01-17T00:00:00.000Z</field>
</doc>
</add>
此时通过一下的URL可以查询到增加的结果： http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1/select?q=solr&wt=xml
浏览器结果如下：
{
"responseHeader": {
"status": 0,
"QTime": 1,
"params": {
"q": "solr",
"_": "1474873714872",
"wt": "json"
}
},
"response": {
"numFound": 1,
"start": 0,
"docs": [
{
"id": "SOLR1000",
"name": "Solr, the Enterprise Search Server",
"manu": "Apache Software Foundation",
"cat": [
"software",
"search"
],
"features": [
"Advanced Full-Text Search Capabilities using Lucene",
"Optimized for High Volume Web Traffic",
"Standards Based Open Interfaces - XML and HTTP",
"Comprehensive HTML Administration Interfaces",
"Scalability - Efficient Replication to other Solr Search Servers",
"Flexible and Adaptable with XML configuration and Schema",
"Good unicode support: héllo (hello with an accent over the e)"
],
"price": 0,
"price_c": "0,USD",
"popularity": 10,
"inStock": true,
"incubationdate_dt": "2006-01-17T00:00:00Z",
"_version_": 1546511824707387400
}
]
}
}
4）更新数据:
更新数据的规则：Whenever you POST commands to Solr to add a document with the same value for the uniqueKey as an existing document, it automatically replaces it for you（根据文档唯一值是否存在,替换文档的内容）
查看Solr中的文档数URL：
http://localhost:8983/solr/#/collection1/plugins/core?entry=searcher
numDocs :某个索引上的可以被搜索到的文档数
maxDocs :表示某个索引上所有的文档数目，逻辑上可能已被删除，但实现上，并没有在该索引上移除
5）删除数据：
可以使用POSTing一个删除命令到相应的URL，明确文档unique key 或者一个查询来匹配多文档。
执行下面的命令，来删除一个具体的文档：
java -Ddata=args -Dcommit=false -jar post.jar "<delete><id>SP2514</id></delete>"
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