Zabbix 监控服务
一、搭建Zabbix监控服务器1、部署服务运行环境（LAMP）
rpm -q httpd mysql-server php
rpm -q mysql php-mysql
service httpd start ;chkconfig httpd on
service mysqld start ;chkconfig mysqld on
# vim /var/www/html/db.php
<?php
$db=mysql_connect("localhost","root","");
if($db){
echo "ok";
}else{
echo "no";
}
?>
# service httpd restart
#service mysqld start
# firefox http://172.40.55.34/db.php(测试ok)
ok
# service mysqld stop
# firefox http://172.40.55.34/db.php(测试成功）
no
#service mysqld start
2.安装zabbix
安装准备
rpm -q gcc gcc-c++
useradd zabbix
# mysql
mysql> create database zabbixdb;
mysql> grant all on zabbixdb.* to jing@"localhost" identified by "123456";
mysql> quit
# mysql -hlocalhost -ujing -p123456
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test |
| zabbixdb |
+--------------------+
mysql> quit
3.装包：
解包进源码目录 配置编译 安装 查看安装目录
【zabbix_server 服务端运行的服务
zabbix_agentd客户端运行的服务（本监控的主机运行的服务）】
# unzip zabbix.zip
# cd zabbix
# ls
php-bcmath-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-2.2.1.tar.gz
php-mbstring-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm
# tar -zxvf zabbix-2.2.1.tar.gz
# cd zabbix-2.2.1
# ./configure --help
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/lcoal/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config(只要说哪个库文件没有，就是哪个包后面带devel包没装）
# rpm -q mysql-devel
package mysql-devel is not installed
# yum -y install mysql-devel
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/lcoal/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config
# make install
# ls /usr/lcoal/zabbix/
binetclibsbinshare
# cd frontends/
# ls
php
# cd php
# ls
acknow.php index.php
actionconf.php items.php
adm.gui.php
.............................
访问web页面做初始化配值
拷贝网页文件到网站目录下
创建存储配置信息的表
# firefox http://172.40.55.34/zabbix
# cp -r php /var/www/html/zabbix/
# ls /var/www/html/
db.phpzabbix
# ls /var/www/html/zabbix/ -ld
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 3月13 02:02 /var/www/html/zabbix/
# chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/zabbix
# ls /var/www/html/zabbix/ -ld
drwxr-xr-x. 11 apache apache 4096 3月13 02:02 /var/www/html/zabbix/
# cd database/
# ls
ibm_db2MakefileMakefile.amMakefile.inmysqloraclepostgresqlsqlite3
# cd mysql/
# ls （从右往前恢复）
data.sqlimages.sqlschema.sql
# mysql -ujing -p123456 zabbixdb < schema.sql
# mysql -ujing -p123456 zabbixdb < images.sql
# mysql -ujing -p123456 zabbixdb <data.sql
# mysql -ujing -p123456 zabbixdb
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test |
| zabbixdb |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use zabbixdb;
Database changed
。。。。
mysql> desc users;
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| userid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| alias | varchar(100) | NO | MUL | | |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| surname | varchar(100) | NO | | |
mysql> select userid,alias,name,passwd from users\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
userid: 1
alias: Admin
name: Zabbix
passwd: 5fce1b3e34b520afeffb37ce08c7cd66
*************************** 2. row ***************************
userid: 2
alias: guest
name:
passwd: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
客户端访问监控页面 做初始化设置
# firefox http://172.40.55.34/zabbix
打开zabbix页面点击下一步，会有好多彪红，需要做下面对应的配置，就ok
# vim /etc/php.ini
729 post_max_size = 16M
440 max_execution_time = 300
449 max_input_time = 300
946 date.timezone = Asia/Chongqing
# sed -n '440p;449p;729p；946p' /etc/php.ini
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
post_max_size = 16M
date.timezone = Asia/Chongqing
# cd
# ls
anaconda-ks.cfginstall.log YUM.SHzabbix.zip
Desktop install.log.syslogzabbix
# cd zabbix
# ls
php-bcmath-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-2.2.1
php-mbstring-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpmzabbix-2.2.1.tar.gz
# rpm -ivh --nodeps php-bcmath-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: php-bcmath-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 41a40948: NOKEY
Preparing... ###########################################
1:php-bcmath ###########################################
# rpm -ivh --nodeps php-mbstring-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: php-mbstring-5.3.3-22.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 192a7d7d: NOKEY
Preparing... ###########################################
1:php-mbstring ###########################################
# service httpd restart
停止 httpd： [确定]
正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for p34
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[确定]
# yum list |grep php-gd
php-gd.x86_64 5.3.3-40.el6_6 abc
# rpm -q php-gd
package php-gd is not installed
# yum -y install php-gd
# yum -y install php-xml
# service httpd restart
# firefox http://172.40.55.34/zabbix (刷新一下）
——————————————————————————————————————————
——————————————————————————————————————————
如果在监控页面上写错了，可以在这个文件中改一下。去一个公司想看监控的一些信息在该文件可以知道
# cat /var/www/html/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php
<?php
// Zabbix GUI configuration file
global $DB;
$DB['TYPE'] = 'MYSQL';
$DB['SERVER'] = 'localhost';
$DB['PORT'] = '0';
$DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbixdb';
$DB['USER'] = 'jing';
$DB['PASSWORD'] = '123456';
// SCHEMA is relevant only for IBM_DB2 database
$DB['SCHEMA'] = '';
$ZBX_SERVER = '172.40.55.34';
$ZBX_SERVER_PORT = '10051';
$ZBX_SERVER_NAME = 'plj-zabbix';
$IMAGE_FORMAT_DEFAULT = IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG;
?>
进入页面初始密码用户。
admin
zabbix
————————————————————————————————————————————
————————————————————————————————————————————
4软件的使用（在浏览器中查看）
查看监控的哪些主机
查看监控模板
查看监控信息
5.在监控服务器启动监控服务：
创建启动脚本 并添加系统服务开机自启
# cd zabbix-2.2.1
# ls
aclocal.m4conf configure.inINSTALL man upgrades
AUTHORS config.guess COPYING install-sh misc
bin config.log database m4 missing
build config.statusdepcomp Makefile NEWS
ChangeLog config.sub frontends Makefile.amREADME
compile configure include Makefile.insrc
# cd misc
# ls
imagesinit.dMakefileMakefile.amMakefile.insnmptrap
# cd init.d/
# ls
aixdebianfedorafreebsdgentooREADMEsusetru64ubuntu
# cd fedora/
# ls（看服务器是单核还是双核，选不同的脚本）
corecore5
# cd core （单核）
# ls
zabbix_agentdzabbix_server
# cp zabbix_server/etc/init.d/
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
# chkconfig --add zabbix_server
# chkconfig zabbix_server on
# service zabbix_server status
zabbix_server 已停
#
修改启动脚本加载程序的目录 /usr/lcoal/zabbix （正常是/usr/local/zabbix 但下载的时候保存的位置放在了/usr/lcoal下所以要一致）
# vim /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
22 BASEDIR=/usr/lcoal/zabbix
修改服务的主配置文件，指定服务使用的库 登录用户密码
# pwd
/usr/lcoal/zabbix/etc
# vim zabbix_server.conf
39 LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.log
87 DBName=zabbixdb
103 DBUser=jing
111 DBPassword=123456
启动监控服务：
# service zabbix_server start
Starting zabbix_server:
# netstat -anptu |grep :10051
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19443/zabbix_server
6.配置被监控服务
监控本机
运行zabbix_agentd服务：创建启动脚本 并添加系统服务同时设置为开机运行
# cd /root/zabbix/zabbix-2.2.1
# cd mis
misc/ missing
# cd misc
# ls
imagesinit.dMakefileMakefile.amMakefile.insnmptrap
# cd init.d/
# ls
aixdebianfedorafreebsdgentooREADMEsusetru64ubuntu
# cd fedora/
# ls
corecore5
# cd core
# ls
zabbix_agentdzabbix_server
# cpzabbix_agentd/etc/init.d/
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
# chkconfig --add zabbix_agentd
# chkconfig zabbix_agentd on
# service zabbix_agentd status
zabbix_agentd 已停
修改 启动脚本加载程序的目录
# vim /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
22 BASEDIR=/usr/lcoal/zabbix
修改服务的主配文件
# cd /usr/lcoal/zabbix/etc
# ls
zabbix_agent.conf zabbix_agentd.conf zabbix_server.conf
zabbix_agent.conf.dzabbix_agentd.conf.dzabbix_server.conf.d
# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
21 LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_agentd.log
81 Server=127.0.0.1
122 ServerActive=127.0.0.1:10051
启动监控服务：
# service zabbix_agentd start
Starting zabbix_agentd: [确定]
# netstat -anptu |grep zabbix_agentd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19696/zabbix_agentd
添加监控本机：加主机名组 监测中 模板保存。
———+++++++++++
监控远端本机：172.44.55.103
被监控的主机做配置：
1运行zabbix_agentd服务
安装准备 装包 创建启动脚本 修改配置 启动服务 查看端口号
监控服务器的配置：
1.添加新监控的主机
2查看监控信息
+++++++++++++++++++++++
#rpm -q gcc gcc-c++
#useradd zabbix
#unzip zabbix.zip
#tar -zxvf zabbix-2.2.1.tar.gz
#cd zabbix-2.2.1/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/lcoal/zabbix--enable-agent
#make install
#cp misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_agentd/etc/init.d/
#chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
#chkconfig --add zabbix_agentd
#chkconfig zabbix_agentd on
#service zabbix_agentd status
# vim /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
22 BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix
# vim/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
81 Server=127.0.0.1, 172.40.55.34,172.40.55.33
122 ServerActive=172.40.55.34:10051, 172.40.55.33:10051
# sed -n '81p;122p' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=127.0.0.1, 172.40.55.34,172.40.55.33
ServerActive=172.40.55.34:10051, 172.40.55.33:10051
# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd start
# cat /tmp/zabbix_agentd.log (查看日志）
22418:20170313:151938.081 Starting Zabbix Agent . Zabbix 2.2.1 (revision 40808).
22418:20170313:151938.081 using configuration file: /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
22421:20170313:151938.099 agent #1 started
22420:20170313:151938.099 agent #0 started
监控服务器的配置：(172.40.55.34)
1查看新监控的主机
2查看监控信息
7.1自定义监控项目
监控远端主机172.40.55.107 系统的总用户数量
客户端配置
启动自定义监控项功能
定义监控命令
在本机测试监控命令
# vim/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
243 Include=/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/
255 UnsafeUserParameters=1
# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/getsunusers.conf
UserParameter=mon_num_users,awk -F ":" 'BEGIN{i=0}{i++}END{print i}'/etc/passwd
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
259 # Format: UserParameter=<key>,<shell command> 上面这个文件中，用的zabbix_agentd.conf配置文件中这个语法格式
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart
Shutting down zabbix_agentd: [确定]
Starting zabbix_agentd: [确定]
# /usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -h（查看使用的方法）
# /usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p10050 -k mon_num_users
50
# useradd zh
# /usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p10050 -k mon_num_users
51
7.2监控服务器配置
调用被监控主机定义的监控命令
监控远端主机时，调用其自定义的监控命令
定义监控模板 tmpmon107
定义应用集 firstyyj
定义监控项 firstjkx 绑定mon_num_users
监控远端主机时，调用定义监控模板tmpmon107
查看监控信息
在监控端测试一下远端定义的结果：
# /usr/lcoal/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 172.40.55.107 -p 10050 -k mon_num_users
51
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————
（监控本机系统外建用户数的总量 --》uid大于500）
# vim /usr/lcoal/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
243 Include=/usr/lcoal/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/
255 UnsafeUserParameters=1
# vim/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/wjsumusers.conf
UserParameter=wj_num_users,awk -F ":" '$3>"500"{print}' /etc/passwd |wc -l
# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart
命令测试：
#/usr/lcoal/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p 10050 -k wj_num_users
12
在页面中添加：
调用被监控主机定义的监控命令
监控远端主机时，调用其自定义的监控命令
定义监控模板 hosttmpmon
定义应用集 hostyyj
定义监控项 hostjkx 绑定wj_num_users
监控远端主机时，调用定义监控模板hosttmpmon
查看监控信息
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
8.配置监控报警
监控远端主机172.40.55.107当系统的总用户量大于25个时发
报警邮件给本的zabbiuser@localhost邮箱
邮件服务器localhost
收件入zabbiuser@localhost
发件人：root@localhost
# rpm -q postfix
postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64
# /etc/init.d/postfix start
# /etc/init.d/postfix status
master (pid1764) 正在运行...
# useradd zabbixuser
# mail -s "aaa" zabbixuser </etc/sysconfig/network
# su - zabbixuser
Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08.Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/zabbixuser": 1 message 1 new
>N1 root Mon Mar 13 09:2020/628 "aaa"
& 1
$ su -
8.1.创建触发器 firstcfq
8.2.创建动作 firstact
8.3 创建邮箱帐号 zabbiuser@localhost
8.4指定接收邮件用户zabbiuser@localhost
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