Python 字符串 Template
from string import Template
s = Template('We have ${many} apples at ${where}')
print s.substitute(many = 5,where = 'anhui')
print s.safe_substitute(where = 'xiamen')
print s.safe_substitute(many = 8)
substitute要去全部参数必须填写，否则报错，safe_substitute 则不要求，而是原封不动的把字符串打印出来。
Template 是 格式化字符串很好的替代品。
We have 5 apples at anhui
We have ${many} apples at xiamen
We have 8 apples at ${where}
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