python第十二天-----RabbitMQ
有一位小伙伴说让我去A站写博客可能会有很多人喜欢,真是搞不懂,北方哪里有卖萌?北方默认状态就是这么萌的!再者说了,这明明就是很专注于技术的博客嘛,能不能严肃点!知不知道什么叫帧?学习到了数据库的相关操作,真是B了狗了,这个破玩意真是无孔不入啊,从第一次接触到现在一直都对数据库处于抵抗状态!好讨厌!所以最后决定,只写rabbitmq相关的博客,数据库什么的,拉黑!
总的来说10.1学习计划还是很失败的!docker学习进度超出了预期,openstakc学习进度超出了预期,python学习进度也超出了预期,主要是没有吃好,至出去撸了一次串,不够过瘾!后天就要上班了,连上7天,wtf!只要别叫去另一个工作地点就好,后天解决rancher,大后天解决ceph,周一看看有多少小伙伴跑路.....(第一次遇到跑路比我还积极的,而且一次还碰到一群#24)
专注RabbitMQ(pip install pika)
消息队列服务器,可以对业务进行解耦,实现业务缓解消峰,当然保证业务可靠性也有一些,具体的,去百度吧!开发帖里不写运维
1.基本的使用
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ########################## 消费者 ##########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel() # 与服务器创建连接
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello') # 与hello队列关联
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" Received %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(callback,
queue='hello',
no_ack=True) # 从hello队列里取出一条消息
channel.start_consuming()
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ######################### 生产者 #########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel() # 与服务器创建连接
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello') # 与hello队列关联
channel.basic_publish(exchange='', # 向hello队列里放入消息'Hello World!'
routing_key='hello',
body='Hello World!')
connection.close()
2.在消费者端出现状况时保证消息不丢失,只有收到ack回文后该消息才会被确认消费消除,否则仍然会存在于队列当中,会影响性能,自行取舍
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ########################## 消费者 ##########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" Received %r" % body)
ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)# 这里
channel.basic_consume(callback,
queue='hello',
no_ack=False) # 这里
channel.start_consuming()
3.生产者在产生消息时可决定是否将此消息持久化到磁盘上,可保证消息队列服务器本身出现问题时消息不丢失
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ######################### 生产者 #########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello', durable=True) # 这里
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='hello',
body='Hello World!',
properties = pika.BasicProperties(delivery_mode=2,))# 这里
connection.close()
4.rmq默认是由消费者个数来各自消费自己对应的任务,为防止某任务消费时间过长卡服务
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ########################## 消费者 ##########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" Received %r" % body)
ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1) # 谁来谁取任务,一个接一个
channel.basic_consume(callback,
queue='hello',
no_ack=False)
channel.start_consuming()
5.发布订阅(上面的功能也是支持的哦):发布订阅会将收到的任务消息放入所有订阅者,而普通的被消费一次就gg思密达了
此时就要用到exchange功能了,由他来关联对应的队列,关联方式有三种(完全发布fanout,关键字发布direct,模糊匹配关键字发布topic)
完全发布模式
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ########################## 消费者 ##########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', # exchange的名称
type='fanout') # exchange的类型,完全发布
result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue # 随机生成一个队列名(对于我这种起名困哪户简直是福音...)
channel.queue_bind(exchange='logs',
queue=queue_name) # 将刚才的队列绑定到exchange中
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(callback,
queue=queue_name,
no_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ######################### 生产者 #########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', type='fanout')
message = '456'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='logs', routing_key='', body=message) # 向exchange里发布消息
print(' send %s' % message)
connection.close()
关键字模式
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ######################### 消费者 #########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', type='direct') # 关键字模式
result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
severities = ['info', 'error', 'warning'] # 关键字3个
for severity in severities:
channel.queue_bind(exchange='direct_logs',
queue=queue_name,
routing_key=severity)
def call_back(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))
channel.basic_consume(call_back,
queue=queue_name,
no_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ######################### 消费者 #########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', type='direct')
result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
severities = ['error'] # 关键字1个
for severity in severities:
channel.queue_bind(exchange='direct_logs',
queue=queue_name,
routing_key=severity)
def call_back(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))
channel.basic_consume(call_back,
queue=queue_name,
no_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
#!/usr/bin/env python
# ########################## 生产者 ##########################
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='172.16.5.7'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs',
type='direct')
severity = 'info' # 关键字'info'只有一个队列收取
# severity = 'error' # 关键字'error'都收取
message = '123'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='direct_logs',
routing_key=severity,
body=message)
print(" Sent %r:%r" % (severity, message))
connection.close()
模糊匹配模式(我不用....)
# 表示可以匹配 0 个 或 多个 单词
*表示只能匹配 一个 单词
abc.aaaaa abc.# 不匹配
abc.aaaaa abc.* 匹配
想要吃好吃的食物
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