docker基础及命令
1.启动docker[*]sudo systemctl start docker
[*]sudo systemctl restart docker
[*]sudo systemctl stop docker
[*]sudo systemctl status docker
2.查看docker信息
[*]sudo docker info
[*]Containers: 1
[*] Running: 0
[*] Paused: 0
[*] Stopped: 1
[*]Images: 2
[*]Server Version: 17.03.1-ce
[*]Storage Driver: devicemapper
[*] Pool Name: vgdocker-thinpool
[*] Pool Blocksize: 524.3 kB
[*] Base Device Size: 10.74 GB
[*] Backing Filesystem: xfs
[*] Data file:
[*] Metadata file:
[*] Data Space Used: 2.708 GB
[*] Data Space Total: 20.4 GB
[*] Data Space Available: 17.69 GB
[*] Metadata Space Used: 1.917 MB
[*] Metadata Space Total: 213.9 MB
[*] Metadata Space Available: 212 MB
[*] Thin Pool Minimum Free Space: 2.039 GB
[*] Udev Sync Supported: true
[*] Deferred Removal Enabled: true
[*] Deferred Deletion Enabled: true
[*] Deferred Deleted Device Count: 0
[*] Library Version: 1.02.135-RHEL7 (2016-11-16)
[*]Logging Driver: json-file
[*]Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
[*]Plugins:
[*] Volume: local
[*] Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
[*]Swarm: inactive
[*]Runtimes: runc
[*]Default Runtime: runc
[*]Init Binary: docker-init
[*]containerd version: 4ab9917febca54791c5f071a9d1f404867857fcc
[*]runc version: 54296cf40ad8143b62dbcaa1d90e520a2136ddfe
[*]init version: 949e6fa
[*]Security Options:
[*] seccomp
[*] Profile: default
[*]Kernel Version: 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64
[*]Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
[*]OSType: linux
[*]Architecture: x86_64
[*]CPUs: 2
[*]Total Memory: 3.69 GiB
[*]Name: wgl
[*]ID: 2GXU:7CL7:ETAC:BTYX:M4V6:JSMV:3CIJ:4OZC:KKKX:D5IV:DVBX:T3KV
[*]Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
[*]Debug Mode (client): false
[*]Debug Mode (server): false
[*]Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
[*]WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
[*]WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
[*]Experimental: false
[*]Insecure Registries:
[*] 127.0.0.0/8
[*]Live Restore Enabled: false
3.运行第一个容器
[*]sudo docker run --name wgl_centos -i -t centos /bin/bash
[*]sudo docker rename oldername newname
-i保证容器中stdin是开启的，尽管我们并没有附着到容器中，是交互式shell的半边天；-t是另一半边天，他告诉docker为要创建的容器分配一个伪tty终端。如要在命令行下创建一个我们能与之经行交互的容器，而不是一个运行后台服务的容器，这两个是基本的了。
4.查看宿主机容器列表
[*]sudo docker ps -a #显示全部容器
[*]sudo docker ps -l #列出最后一个运行的容器，也可以--format进一步控制显示
[*]sudo docker ps -n x#显示最后x个容器。
5.启动，停止容器
[*]sudo docker start（restart,stop）容器ID(容器name)
6，附着到容器上
[*]sudo docker attach 容器
例如
sudo docker start dreamy_knuth 先启动（启动后会沿用run命令时指定的参数运行）
sudo docker attach dreamy_knuth 后附着到容器，【及进入交互界面】
相当于
sudo docker start dreamy_knuth
sudo docker exec -i -t dreamy_knuth/bin.bash（可用于打开一个守护式容器）
7，创建守护式容器
[*]sudo docker run --name wgl_centos_daemon -d centos/bin/sh -c "while true;do echo hello world;sleep 3;done"
在后台运行，只返回容器ID。
-d 在后台运行
8.获取守护式容器的日志
[*]sudo docker logs 容器#输出最后几条后返回
[*]sudo docker logs -f容器#监控日志
[*]sudo docker logs --tail 10容器#获取容器日志最后10条
[*]sudo docker logs --tail 0 -f 容器#跟踪最新日志
[*]sudo docker logs -ft容器#监控日志+时间戳
9.dockers日志驱动
[*]sudo docker run --log-driver="syslog" --name wgl_centos_daemon -d centos/bin/sh -c "while true;do echo hello world;sleep 3;done"
--log-driver=
syslog 将容器日志重新定向到Syslog,禁用dockers logs命令
json-file 默认，用dockers logs命令查看
none 禁用所有容器中的日志，禁用dockers logs命令
10.查看容器进程
[*]sudo docker top wgl_centos_daemon
11.docker统计信息
[*]sudo docker stats [容器1 容器2 容器3 ...]
12.在容器内部运行进程
后台式任务与交互式任务
后台式任务
[*]sudo docker exec -d 53fc4852ce08 touch /opt/wgl.log# -u 为新启动的进程指定属主
通过docker exec 后台命令，可维护，监控，管理正在运行的容器
进入容器(不论是守护式还是交互式)的交互式界面
[*]sudo docker exec -it53fc4852ce08 /bin/bash
13，自动重启容器
[*]sudo docker run --restart=always --name wgl_centos_daemon -d centos/bin/sh -c "while true;do echo hello world;sleep 3;done"
[*]
--restart会检查日期的退出代码
always 不认退出代码是什么，都重启
on-failure 退出代码非0才重启，还可以设置重启次数：--restart=on-failure：5
14.深入容器，容器详情
[*]sudo docker inspect 容器
[*]$ sudo docker inspect wgl_centos_daemon
[*][
[*] {
[*] "Id": "53fc4852ce081422068efa8bdcbad05d8b51b4fe2ba0a4389c91508dc3fbd50a",
[*] "Created": "2017-05-28T05:35:00.155823247Z",
[*] "Path": "/bin/sh",
[*] "Args": [
[*] "-c",
[*] "while true;do echo hello world;sleep 3;done"
[*] ],
[*] "State": {
[*] "Status": "running",
[*] "Running": true,
[*] "Paused": false,
[*] "Restarting": false,
[*] "OOMKilled": false,
[*] "Dead": false,
[*] "Pid": 6450,
[*] "ExitCode": 0,
[*] "Error": "",
[*] "StartedAt": "2017-05-28T05:35:01.363485741Z",
[*] "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
[*] },
[*] "Image": "sha256:8140d0c64310d4e290bf3938757837dbb8f806acba0cb3f6a852558074345348",
[*] "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53fc4852ce081422068efa8bdcbad05d8b51b4fe2ba0a4389c91508dc3fbd50a/resolv.conf",
[*] "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53fc4852ce081422068efa8bdcbad05d8b51b4fe2ba0a4389c91508dc3fbd50a/hostname",
[*] "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53fc4852ce081422068efa8bdcbad05d8b51b4fe2ba0a4389c91508dc3fbd50a/hosts",
[*] "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53fc4852ce081422068efa8bdcbad05d8b51b4fe2ba0a4389c91508dc3fbd50a/53fc4852ce081422068efa8bdcbad05d8b51b4fe2ba0a
[*]4389c91508dc3fbd50a-json.log", "Name": "/wgl_centos_daemon",
[*] "RestartCount": 0,
[*] "Driver": "devicemapper",
[*] "MountLabel": "",
[*] "ProcessLabel": "",
[*] "AppArmorProfile": "",
[*] "ExecIDs": null,
[*] "HostConfig": {
[*] "Binds": null,
[*] "ContainerIDFile": "",
[*] "LogConfig": {
[*] "Type": "json-file",
[*] "Config": {}
[*] },
[*] "NetworkMode": "default",
[*] "PortBindings": {},
[*] "RestartPolicy": {
[*] "Name": "no",
[*] "MaximumRetryCount": 0
[*] },
[*] "AutoRemove": false,
[*] "VolumeDriver": "",
[*] "VolumesFrom": null,
[*] "CapAdd": null,
[*] "CapDrop": null,
[*] "Dns": [],
[*] "DnsOptions": [],
[*] "DnsSearch": [],
[*] "ExtraHosts": null,
[*] "GroupAdd": null,
[*] "IpcMode": "",
[*] "Cgroup": "",
[*] "Links": null,
[*] "OomScoreAdj": 0,
[*] "PidMode": "",
[*] "Privileged": false,
[*] "PublishAllPorts": false,
[*] "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
[*] "SecurityOpt": null,
[*] "UTSMode": "",
[*] "UsernsMode": "",
[*] "ShmSize": 67108864,
[*] "Runtime": "runc",
[*] "ConsoleSize": [
[*] 0,
[*] 0
[*] ],
[*] "Isolation": "",
[*] "CpuShares": 0,
[*] "Memory": 0,
[*] "NanoCpus": 0,
[*] "CgroupParent": "",
[*] "BlkioWeight": 0,
[*] "BlkioWeightDevice": null,
[*] "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
[*] "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
[*] "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
[*] "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
[*] "CpuPeriod": 0,
[*] "CpuQuota": 0,
[*] "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
[*] "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
[*] "CpusetCpus": "",
[*] "CpusetMems": "",
[*] "Devices": [],
[*] "DiskQuota": 0,
[*] "KernelMemory": 0,
[*] "MemoryReservation": 0,
[*] "MemorySwap": 0,
[*] "MemorySwappiness": -1,
[*] "OomKillDisable": false,
[*] "PidsLimit": 0,
[*] "Ulimits": null,
[*] "CpuCount": 0,
[*] "CpuPercent": 0,
[*] "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
[*] "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0
[*] },
[*] "GraphDriver": {
[*] "Name": "devicemapper",
[*] "Data": {
[*] "DeviceId": "76",
[*] "DeviceName": "docker-253:1-277138-721bd5780ec0a2800c9db53413e77636e96e787a4b330b9d665c2cf289c01c43",
[*] "DeviceSize": "10737418240"
[*] }
[*] },
[*] "Mounts": [],
[*] "Config": {
[*] "Hostname": "53fc4852ce08",
[*] "Domainname": "",
[*] "User": "",
[*] "AttachStdin": false,
[*] "AttachStdout": false,
[*] "AttachStderr": false,
[*] "Tty": false,
[*] "OpenStdin": false,
[*] "StdinOnce": false,
[*] "Env": [
[*] "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
[*] ],
[*] "Cmd": [
[*] "/bin/sh",
[*] "-c",
[*] "while true;do echo hello world;sleep 3;done"
[*] ],
[*] "Image": "centos",
[*] "Volumes": null,
[*] "WorkingDir": "",
[*] "Entrypoint": null,
[*] "OnBuild": null,
[*] "Labels": {
[*] "build-date": "20170510",
[*] "license": "GPLv2",
[*] "name": "CentOS Base Image",
[*] "vendor": "CentOS"
[*] }
[*] },
[*] "NetworkSettings": {
[*] "Bridge": "",
[*] "SandboxID": "dc56c0446f06b8b53b914574c34ec35c09fa38bc9d43d70ba5750aef60915597",
[*] "HairpinMode": false,
[*] "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
[*] "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
[*] "Ports": {},
[*] "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/dc56c0446f06",
[*] "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
[*] "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
[*] "EndpointID": "0da7299f69c100fce911e1c6b12f333e56ff30e3ff7a2f799ee595af89265fc8",
[*] "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
[*] "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
[*] "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
[*] "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
[*] "IPPrefixLen": 16,
[*] "IPv6Gateway": "",
[*] "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
[*] "Networks": {
[*] "bridge": {
[*] "IPAMConfig": null,
[*] "Links": null,
[*] "Aliases": null,
[*] "NetworkID": "23e919387bcf6493c7bdcd91e31b8995132fb7f081cfbac7778e855c6a4f6d58",
[*] "EndpointID": "0da7299f69c100fce911e1c6b12f333e56ff30e3ff7a2f799ee595af89265fc8",
[*] "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
[*] "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
[*] "IPPrefixLen": 16,
[*] "IPv6Gateway": "",
[*] "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
[*] "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
[*] "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02"
[*] }
[*] }
[*] }
[*] }
[*]]
也可用-f或--format，查看选定的结果，可查看多个容器，多个结果。
15，删除容器
[*]sudo docker rm 容器
[*]sudo docker rm -f 容器 #删除正在运行的容器
[*]sudo docker rm `sudo docker ps -a -q`# -q只返回容器ID
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