RabbitMQ学习之spring-amqp的重要类的认识
对于大多数应用来说都做了与spring整合，对于rabbitmq来说。也有与spring的整合。可能通过spring的官网找到spring-amqp项目下载。spring-amqp项目包括三个子项目：spring-amqp、spring-erlang、spring-rabbit.下面来认识一下spring-amqp中的几个重要类；以spring-amqp-1.0.0.M3版本为例
1、Message : Spring AMQP定义的Message类是AMQP域模型中代表之一。Message类封装了body(消息BODY)和properties（消息属性） 。使得这个API看起来很简单。Message类定义如下：
view plain copy
print?
[*]public class Message {
[*] private final MessageProperties messageProperties;
[*]
[*] private final byte[] body;
[*]
[*] public Message(byte[] body, MessageProperties messageProperties) {
[*] this.body = body;
[*] this.messageProperties = messageProperties;
[*] }
[*]
[*] public byte[] getBody() {
[*] return this.body;
[*] }
[*]
[*] public MessageProperties getMessageProperties() {
[*] return this.messageProperties;
[*] }
[*]
[*] }
其中MessageProperties类中定义了例如messageId、timestamp、contentType等属性。这此属性可以扩展到用户通过setHeader(String key, Object value)方法来自定义“headers”。
2、Exchange
Exchange接口代表一个AMQP的Exchange，决定消息生产者发送消息。每个Exchange都包括一个特定的唯一名字的虚拟主机的代理和一些其他属性。
view plain copy
print?
[*]public interface Exchange {
[*]
[*] String getName();
[*]
[*] String getType();
[*]
[*] boolean isDurable();
[*]
[*] boolean isAutoDelete();
[*]
[*] Map<String, Object> getArguments();
[*]
[*]}
其中 AbstractExchange类实现了Exchange类。而DirectExchange、TopicExchange、FanoutExchang、HeadersExchange四个类继承AbstractExchange。并重写了getType()类。根据各自相对应的Exchange类型。DirectExchange、TopicExchange、FanoutExchang、HeadersExchange分别对应的类型为direct,topic,fanout,headers.
3、Queue
Queue类是消息消费者接收消息中重要的一个组成部分。通过与Exchange判定来肯定消费者所接收的消息。伪代码如下：
view plain copy
print?
[*]public class Queue {
[*] private final String name;
[*] private volatile boolean durable;
[*] private volatile boolean exclusive;
[*] private volatile boolean autoDelete;
[*] private volatile Map<String, Object> arguments;
[*] public Queue(String name) {
[*] this.name = name;
[*]}
其中name表示队列的名称、durable表示持久性。true表示是。exclusive表示独占性。由于在AmqpTemplate中提供一个方法来得到唯一的队列。这个队列可能是一个”reply-to“地址或者其他信息，因此一般exclusive和autoDelete一般设定为true.
4、Binding
Bingding类通过多种构造参数来判定Exchange,Queue,routingkey;例如
view plain copy
print?
[*]Binding(Queue queue, FanoutExchange exchange)
[*]Binding(Queue queue, HeadersExchange exchange, Map<String, Object> arguments)
[*]Binding(Queue queue, DirectExchange exchange)
[*]Binding(Queue queue, DirectExchange exchange, String routingKey)
[*]Binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange, String routingKey)
5、AmqpTemplate
AmqpTemplate是用来发送消息的模板类
view plain copy
print?
[*]/**
[*] * Specifies a basic set of AMQP operations.
[*] *
[*] * Provides synchronous send and receive methods. The {@link #convertAndSend(Object)} and {@link #receiveAndConvert()}
[*] * methods allow let you send and receive POJO objects. Implementations are expected to delegate to an instance of
[*] * {@link MessageConverter} to perform conversion to and from AMQP byte[] payload type.
[*] *
[*] * @author Mark Pollack
[*] * @author Mark Fisher
[*] */
[*]public interface AmqpTemplate {
[*]
[*] // send methods for messages
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Send a message to a default exchange with a default routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void send(Message message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Send a message to a default exchange with a specific routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void send(String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Send a message to a specific exchange with a specific routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param exchange the name of the exchange
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void send(String exchange, String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] // send methods with conversion
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a default exchange with a default routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void convertAndSend(Object message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a default exchange with a specific routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void convertAndSend(String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a specific exchange with a specific routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param exchange the name of the exchange
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a default exchange with a default routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @param messagePostProcessor a processor to apply to the message before it is sent
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void convertAndSend(Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a default exchange with a specific routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @param messagePostProcessor a processor to apply to the message before it is sent
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void convertAndSend(String routingKey, Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor)
[*] throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a specific exchange with a specific routing key.
[*] *
[*] * @param exchange the name of the exchange
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @param messagePostProcessor a processor to apply to the message before it is sent
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor)
[*] throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] // receive methods for messages
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Receive a message if there is one from a default queue. Returns immediately, possibly with a null value.
[*] *
[*] * @return a message or null if there is none waiting
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Message receive() throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Receive a message if there is one from a specific queue. Returns immediately, possibly with a null value.
[*] *
[*] * @param queueName the name of the queue to poll
[*] * @return a message or null if there is none waiting
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Message receive(String queueName) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] // receive methods with conversion
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Receive a message if there is one from a default queue and convert it to a Java object. Returns immediately,
[*] * possibly with a null value.
[*] *
[*] * @return a message or null if there is none waiting
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object receiveAndConvert() throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Receive a message if there is one from a specific queue and convert it to a Java object. Returns immediately,
[*] * possibly with a null value.
[*] *
[*] * @param queueName the name of the queue to poll
[*] * @return a message or null if there is none waiting
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object receiveAndConvert(String queueName) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] // send and receive methods for messages
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern. Send a message to a default exchange with a default routing key and attempt to receive a
[*] * response. Implementations will normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time
[*] * limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Message sendAndReceive(Message message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern. Send a message to a default exchange with a specific routing key and attempt to receive a
[*] * response. Implementations will normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time
[*] * limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Message sendAndReceive(String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern. Send a message to a specific exchange with a specific routing key and attempt to receive a
[*] * response. Implementations will normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time
[*] * limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param exchange the name of the exchange
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Message sendAndReceive(String exchange, String routingKey, Message message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] // send and receive methods with conversion
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern with conversion. Send a Java object converted to a message to a default exchange with a default
[*] * routing key and attempt to receive a response, converting that to a Java object. Implementations will normally
[*] * set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object convertSendAndReceive(Object message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern with conversion. Send a Java object converted to a message to a default exchange with a
[*] * specific routing key and attempt to receive a response, converting that to a Java object. Implementations will
[*] * normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object convertSendAndReceive(String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern with conversion. Send a Java object converted to a message to a specific exchange with a
[*] * specific routing key and attempt to receive a response, converting that to a Java object. Implementations will
[*] * normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param exchange the name of the exchange
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object convertSendAndReceive(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern with conversion. Send a Java object converted to a message to a default exchange with a default
[*] * routing key and attempt to receive a response, converting that to a Java object. Implementations will normally
[*] * set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @param messagePostProcessor a processor to apply to the message before it is sent
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object convertSendAndReceive(Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern with conversion. Send a Java object converted to a message to a default exchange with a
[*] * specific routing key and attempt to receive a response, converting that to a Java object. Implementations will
[*] * normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @param messagePostProcessor a processor to apply to the message before it is sent
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object convertSendAndReceive(String routingKey, Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException;
[*]
[*] /**
[*] * Basic RPC pattern with conversion. Send a Java object converted to a message to a specific exchange with a
[*] * specific routing key and attempt to receive a response, converting that to a Java object. Implementations will
[*] * normally set the reply-to header to an exclusive queue and wait up for some time limited by a timeout.
[*] *
[*] * @param exchange the name of the exchange
[*] * @param routingKey the routing key
[*] * @param message a message to send
[*] * @param messagePostProcessor a processor to apply to the message before it is sent
[*] * @return the response if there is one
[*] * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
[*] */
[*] Object convertSendAndReceive(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message, MessagePostProcessor messagePostProcessor) throws AmqpException;
[*]}
6、AmqpAdmin和RabbitAdmin
用户配置Queue、Exchange、Binding的代理类。代理类会自动声明或创建这些配置信息。
下面这个类用于异步接收消息的处理类
7、MessageConverter 消息转换器类
8、SimpleMessageListenerContainer 监听消息容器类
spring-amqp:
http://projects.spring.io/spring-amqp/
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-amqp-samples
转载：http://wubin850219.iteye.com/blog/1050251
页:
[1]