PHP的Reflection反射机制
原文地址: http://www.nowamagic.net/php/php_Reflection.phpPHP5添加了一项新的功能:Reflection。这个功能使得程序员可以
reverse-engineer[逆向工程]> 通过PHP代码,就可以得到某object的所有信息,并且可以和它交互。
如假设以下Person类:
>
/**
* For the sake of demonstration, we"re setting this private
*/
private $_allowDynamicAttributes = false;
/**
* type=primary_autoincrement
*/
protected $id = 0;
/**
* type=varchar length=255 null
*/
protected $name;
/**
* type=text null
*/
protected $biography;
public function getId() {
return $this->id;
}
public function setId($v) {
$this->id = $v;
}
public function getName() {
return $this->name;
}
public function setName($v) {
$this->name = $v;
}
public function getBiography() {
return $this->biography;
}
public function setBiography($v) {
$this->biography = $v;
}
}
通过ReflectionClass,我们可以得到Person类的以下信息:
[*]常量 Contants
[*]属性 Property Names
[*]方法 Method Names
[*]静态属性 Static Properties
[*]命名空间 Namespace
[*]Person类是否为final或者abstract
只要把类名"Person"传递给ReflectionClass就可以了:
$class = new ReflectionClass('Person');
* 获取属性(Properties):
$properties = $class->getProperties();
foreach($properties as $property) {
echo $property->getName()."\n";
}
// 输出:
// _allowDynamicAttributes
//>
// name
// biography
默认情况下,ReflectionClass会获取到所有的属性,private 和 protected的也可以。如果只想获取到private属性,就要额外传个参数:
$private_properties = $class->getProperties(ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE);
可用参数列表:
[*]ReflectionProperty::IS_STATIC
[*]ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC
[*]ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED
[*]ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE
如果要同时获取public 和private 属性,就这样写:ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC | ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED
通过$property->getName()可以得到属性名,通过getDocComment可以得到写给property的注释。
foreach($properties as $property) {
if($property->isProtected()) {
$docblock = $property->getDocComment();
('/ type\=(*) /', $property->getDocComment(), $matches);
echo $matches."\n";
}
}
// Output:
// primary_autoincrement
// varchar
// text
有点不可思议了吧。竟然连注释都可以取到。
* 获取方法(methods):通过getMethods() 来获取到类的所有methods。返回的是ReflectionMethod对象的数组。
不再演示。
* 最后,通过ReflectionMethod来调用类里面的method。
$data = array("id" => 1, "name" => "Chris", "biography" => "I am am a PHP developer");
foreach($data as $key => $value) {if(!$class->hasProperty($key)) {throw new Exception($key." is not a valid property"); }
if(!$class->hasMethod("get".($key))) {throw new Exception($key." is missing a getter"); }
if(!$class->hasMethod("set".($key))) {throw new Exception($key." is missing a setter"); }
// Make a new object to interact with $object = new Person();
// Get the getter method and invoke it with the value in our data array
$setter = $class->getMethod("set".($key));
$ok = $setter->invoke($object, $value);
// Get the setter method and invoke it
$setter = $class->getMethod("get".($key));
$objValue = $setter->invoke($object);
// Now compare
if($value == $objValue) {
echo "Getter or Setter has modified the data.\n";
} else {
echo "Getter and Setter does not modify the data.\n";
}
}
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