winson 发表于 2018-1-1 19:45:24

使用Zabbix监控ZooKeeper服务的健康状态

  一 应用场景描述
  在目前公司的业务中,没有太多使用ZooKeeper作为协同服务的场景。但是我们将使用Codis作为Redis的集群部署方案,Codis依赖ZooKeeper来存储配置信息。所以做好ZooKeeper的监控也很重要。
  二 ZooKeeper监控要点
  系统监控
  内存使用量    ZooKeeper应当完全运行在内存中,不能使用到SWAP。Java Heap大小不能超过可用内存。
  Swap使用量    使用Swap会降低ZooKeeper的性能,设置vm.swappiness = 0
  网络带宽占用   如果发现ZooKeeper性能降低关注下网络带宽占用情况和丢包情况,通常情况下ZooKeeper是20%写入80%读入
  磁盘使用量    ZooKeeper数据目录使用情况需要注意
  磁盘I/O      ZooKeeper的磁盘写入是异步的,所以不会存在很大的I/O请求,如果ZooKeeper和其他I/O密集型服务公用应该关注下磁盘I/O情况
  ZooKeeper监控
  zk_avg/min/max_latency    响应一个客户端请求的时间,建议这个时间大于10个Tick就报警
  zk_outstanding_requests      排队请求的数量,当ZooKeeper超过了它的处理能力时,这个值会增大,建议设置报警阀值为10
  zk_packets_received      接收到客户端请求的包数量
  zk_packets_sent      发送给客户单的包数量,主要是响应和通知
  zk_max_file_descriptor_count   最大允许打开的文件数,由ulimit控制
  zk_open_file_descriptor_count    打开文件数量,当这个值大于允许值得85%时报警
  Mode                运行的角色,如果没有加入集群就是standalone,加入集群式follower或者leader
  zk_followers          leader角色才会有这个输出,集合中follower的个数。正常的值应该是集合成员的数量减1
  zk_pending_syncs       leader角色才会有这个输出,pending syncs的数量
  zk_znode_count         znodes的数量
  zk_watch_count         watches的数量

  Java Heap>  

# echo ruok|nc 127.0.0.1 2181  
imok
  

  

  
# echo mntr|nc 127.0.0.1 2181
  
zk_version3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
  
zk_avg_latency0
  
zk_max_latency0
  
zk_min_latency0
  
zk_packets_received11
  
zk_packets_sent10
  
zk_num_alive_connections1
  
zk_outstanding_requests0
  
zk_server_stateleader
  
zk_znode_count17159
  
zk_watch_count0
  
zk_ephemerals_count1
  
zk_approximate_data_size6666471
  
zk_open_file_descriptor_count29
  
zk_max_file_descriptor_count102400
  
zk_followers2
  
zk_synced_followers2
  
zk_pending_syncs0
  

  

  
# echo srvr|nc 127.0.0.1 2181
  
Zookeeper version: 3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
  
Latency min/avg/max: 0/0/0
  
Received: 26
  
Sent: 25
  
Connections: 1
  
Outstanding: 0
  
Zxid: 0x500000000
  
Mode: leader
  
Node count: 17159
  

  三 编写Zabbix监控ZooKeeper的脚本和配置文件
  要让Zabbix收集到这些监控数据,有两种方法一种是每个监控项目通过zabbix agent单独获取,主动监控和被动监控都可以。还有一种方法就是将这些监控数据一次性使用zabbix_sender全部发送给zabbix。这里我们选择第二种方式。那么采用zabbix_sender一次性发送全部监控数据的脚本就不能像通过zabbix agent这样逐个获取监控项目来编写脚本。
  首先想办法将监控项目汇集成一个字典,然后遍历这个字典,将字典中的key:value对通过zabbix_sender的-k和-o参数指定发送出去
  echo mntr|nc 127.0.0.1 2181
  这条命令可以使用Python的subprocess模块调用,也可以使用socket模块去访问2181端口然后发送命令获取数据,获取到mntr执行的数据后还需要将其转化成为字典数据
  即需要将这种样式的数据
  

zk_version3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT  
zk_avg_latency0
  
zk_max_latency0
  
zk_min_latency0
  
zk_packets_received91
  
zk_packets_sent90
  
zk_num_alive_connections1
  
zk_outstanding_requests0
  
zk_server_statefollower
  
zk_znode_count17159
  
zk_watch_count0
  
zk_ephemerals_count1
  
zk_approximate_data_size6666471
  
zk_open_file_descriptor_count27
  
zk_max_file_descriptor_count102400
  

  转换成为这样的数据
  

{'zk_followers': 2, 'zk_outstanding_requests': 0, 'zk_approximate_data_size': 6666471, 'zk_packets_sent': 2089, 'zk_pending_syncs': 0, 'zk_avg_latency': 0, 'zk_version': '3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT', 'zk_watch_count': 2, 'zk_packets_received': 2090, 'zk_open_file_descriptor_count': 30, 'zk_server_ruok': 'imok', 'zk_server_state': 'leader', 'zk_synced_followers': 2, 'zk_max_latency': 28, 'zk_num_alive_connections': 2, 'zk_min_latency': 0, 'zk_ephemerals_count': 1, 'zk_znode_count': 17159, 'zk_max_file_descriptor_count': 102400}  

  到最后需要使用zabbix_sender发送的数据格式这个样子的
  zookeeper.status这是key的名称
  

zookeeper.status:0  
zookeeper.status:6666471
  
zookeeper.status:48
  
zookeeper.status:0
  
zookeeper.status:3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
  
zookeeper.status:0
  
zookeeper.status:49
  
zookeeper.status:27
  
zookeeper.status:imok
  
zookeeper.status:follower
  
zookeeper.status:0
  
zookeeper.status:1
  
zookeeper.status:0
  
zookeeper.status:1
  
zookeeper.status:17159
  
zookeeper.status:102400
  

  精简代码如下:
  

#!/usr/bin/python  
import socket
  
#from StringIO import StringIO
  
from cStringIO import StringIO
  
s=socket.socket()
  
s.connect(('localhost',2181))
  
s.send('mntr')
  
data_mntr=s.recv(2048)
  
s.close()
  
#print data_mntr
  
h=StringIO(data_mntr)
  
result={}
  
zresult={}
  
for line inh.readlines():
  key,value=map(str.strip,line.split('\t'))
  zkey='zookeeper.status' + '[' + key + ']'
  zvalue=value
  result=value
  zresult=zvalue
  
print result
  
print '\n\n'
  
print zresult
  

# python test.py  
{'zk_outstanding_requests': '0', 'zk_approximate_data_size': '6666471', 'zk_max_latency': '0', 'zk_avg_latency': '0', 'zk_version': '3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT', 'zk_watch_count': '0', 'zk_num_alive_connections': '1', 'zk_open_file_descriptor_count': '27', 'zk_server_state': 'follower', 'zk_packets_sent': '542', 'zk_packets_received': '543', 'zk_min_latency': '0', 'zk_ephemerals_count': '1', 'zk_znode_count': '17159', 'zk_max_file_descriptor_count': '102400'}
  

  

  
{'zookeeper.status': '0', 'zookeeper.status': '0', 'zookeeper.status': '0', 'zookeeper.status': '6666471', 'zookeeper.status': 'follower', 'zookeeper.status': '1', 'zookeeper.status': '0', 'zookeeper.status': '0', 'zookeeper.status': '543', 'zookeeper.status': '1', 'zookeeper.status': '17159', 'zookeeper.status': '542', 'zookeeper.status': '27', 'zookeeper.status': '102400', 'zookeeper.status': '3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT'}
  

  详细代码如下:
  

#!/usr/bin/python  

  

  
""" Check Zookeeper Cluster
  

  
zookeeper version should be newer than 3.4.x
  

  
# echo mntr|nc 127.0.0.1 2181
  
zk_version3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
  
zk_avg_latency0
  
zk_max_latency4
  
zk_min_latency0
  
zk_packets_received84467
  
zk_packets_sent84466
  
zk_num_alive_connections3
  
zk_outstanding_requests0
  
zk_server_statefollower
  
zk_znode_count17159
  
zk_watch_count2
  
zk_ephemerals_count1
  
zk_approximate_data_size6666471
  
zk_open_file_descriptor_count29
  
zk_max_file_descriptor_count102400
  

  
# echo ruok|nc 127.0.0.1 2181
  
imok
  

  
"""
  

  
import sys
  
import socket
  
import re
  
import subprocess
  
from StringIO import StringIO
  
import os
  

  

  
zabbix_sender = '/opt/app/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_sender'
  
zabbix_conf = '/opt/app/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf'
  
send_to_zabbix = 1
  

  

  

  
############# get zookeeper server status
  
class ZooKeeperServer(object):
  

  def __init__(self, host='localhost', port='2181', timeout=1):
  self._address = (host, int(port))
  self._timeout = timeout
  self._result= {}
  

  def _create_socket(self):
  return socket.socket()
  

  

  def _send_cmd(self, cmd):
  """ Send a 4letter word command to the server """
  s = self._create_socket()
  s.settimeout(self._timeout)
  

  s.connect(self._address)
  s.send(cmd)
  

  data = s.recv(2048)
  s.close()
  

  return data
  

  def get_stats(self):
  """ Get ZooKeeper server stats as a map """
  data_mntr = self._send_cmd('mntr')
  data_ruok = self._send_cmd('ruok')
  if data_mntr:
  result_mntr = self._parse(data_mntr)
  if data_ruok:
  result_ruok = self._parse_ruok(data_ruok)
  

  self._result = dict(result_mntr.items() + result_ruok.items())
  if not self._result.has_key('zk_followers') and not self._result.has_key('zk_synced_followers') and not self._result.has_key('zk_pending_syncs'):
  

  ##### the tree metrics only exposed on leader role zookeeper server, we just set the followers' to 0
  leader_only = {'zk_followers':0,'zk_synced_followers':0,'zk_pending_syncs':0}
  self._result = dict(result_mntr.items() + result_ruok.items() + leader_only.items() )
  

  return self._result
  

  

  

  def _parse(self, data):
  """ Parse the output from the 'mntr' 4letter word command """
  h = StringIO(data)
  result = {}
  for line in h.readlines():
  try:
  key, value = self._parse_line(line)
  result = value
  except ValueError:
  pass # ignore broken lines
  

  return result
  

  def _parse_ruok(self, data):
  """ Parse the output from the 'ruok' 4letter word command """
  h = StringIO(data)
  result = {}
  ruok = h.readline()
  if ruok:
  result['zk_server_ruok'] = ruok
  return result
  

  

  def _parse_line(self, line):
  try:
  key, value = map(str.strip, line.split('\t'))
  except ValueError:
  raise ValueError('Found invalid line: %s' % line)
  

  if not key:
  raise ValueError('The key is mandatory and should not be empty')
  

  try:
  value = int(value)
  except (TypeError, ValueError):
  pass
  

  return key, value
  

  

  

  def get_pid(self):
  
#ps -ef|grep java|grep zookeeper|awk '{print $2}'
  pidarg = '''ps -ef|grep java|grep zookeeper|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}' '''
  pidout = subprocess.Popen(pidarg,shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
  pid = pidout.stdout.readline().strip('\n')
  return pid
  

  

  def send_to_zabbix(self, metric):
  key = "zookeeper.status[" +metric + "]"
  

  if send_to_zabbix > 0:
  #print key + ":" + str(self._result)
  try:
  

  subprocess.call() ], stdout=FNULL, stderr=FNULL, shell=False)
  except OSError, detail:
  print "Something went wrong while exectuting zabbix_sender : ", detail
  else:
  print "Simulation: the following command would be execucted :\n", zabbix_sender, "-c", zabbix_conf, "-k", key, "-o", self._result, "\n"
  

  

  

  

  
def usage():
  """Display program usage"""
  

  print "\nUsage : ", sys.argv, " alive|all"
  print "Modes : \n\talive : Return pid of running zookeeper\n\tall : Send zookeeper stats as well"
  sys.exit(1)
  

  

  

  
accepted_modes = ['alive', 'all']
  

  
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv in accepted_modes:
  mode = sys.argv
  
else:
  usage()
  

  

  

  

  
zk = ZooKeeperServer()
  
#print zk.get_stats()
  
pid = zk.get_pid()
  

  
if pid != "" andmode == 'all':
  zk.get_stats()
  # print zk._result
  FNULL = open(os.devnull, 'w')
  for key in zk._result:
  zk.send_to_zabbix(key)
  FNULL.close()
  print pid
  

  
elif pid != "" and mode == "alive":
  print pid
  
else:
  print 0
  

  zabbix配置文件check_zookeeper.conf
  

UserParameter=zookeeper.status
[*],/usr/bin/python /opt/app/zabbix/sbin/check_zookeeper.py $1  

  重新启动zabbix agent服务
  四 制作Zabbix监控ZooKeeper的模板并设置报警阀值
  模板参见附件
  参考文档:
  https://blog.serverdensity.com/how-to-monitor-zookeeper/
  https://github.com/apache/zookeeper/tree/trunk/src/contrib/monitoring
  http://john88wang.blog.51cto.com/2165294/1708302
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