基于Linux+zabbix等构建分布式运维监控系统
前言:zabbix是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案
zabbix能监视各种网络参数,保证服务器系统的安全运营;并提供灵活的通知机制以让系统管理员快速定位/解决存在的各种问题。
zabbix特点:
[*]安装与配置简单,学习成本低
[*]支持多语言(包括中文)
[*]免费开源
[*]自动发现服务器与网络设备
[*]分布式监视以及WEB集中管理功能
[*]可以无agent监视
[*]用户安全认证和柔软的授权方式
[*]通过WEB界面设置或查看监视结果
[*]email等通知功能
zabbix主要功能:
[*]CPU负荷
[*]内存使用
[*]磁盘使用
[*]网络状况
[*]端口监视
[*]日志监视
[*]插件开发自定义
一、基础环境
1.yum源:
webtatic源:
rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm#php/mysql
mysql源:
yum -y localinstall https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
#修改mysql源为5.7关闭,5.6 开启
zabbix.repo
name=CentOS-$releasever - zabbix
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/3.2/rhel/6/x86_64/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-79EA5ED4
备注:由于zabbix3.26配置smtp ssl/tls要求libcurl 版本>7.20,所以需要执行下面的操作
#安装libcurl最新版本源
rpm -Uvh http://www.city-fan.org/ftp/contrib/yum-repo/rhel6/x86_64/city-fan.org-release-1-13.rhel6.noarch.rpm
#安装libnghttp2 最新版本源(依赖包)
rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/libnghttp2-1.6.0-1.el6.1.x86_64.rpm
2.所需环境安装:
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ openssl* pcre pcre-devel gd gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libcurl autoconf automake imake expat-devel cmake libaio libaio-devel bzr bison libtool ncurses ncurses-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel curl-devel
3.安装LAMP环境
yum -y install httpdhttpd-tools httpd-devel httpd-itk httpd-manual gd fontconfig-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel gd-devel perl-GD openssl-devel perl-DBD-MySQL mysql-community-server mysql-community-devel php71w php71w-devel php71w-mysql php71w-gd php71w-ldap php71w-xml php71w-mbstring php71w-bcmath.x86_64
4.php.ini配置(/etc/php.ini)
post_max_size = 16M
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
二、zabbix-server端部署:
1.下载源码:
cd /usr/local/src && wget https://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/3.2.6/zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz
2.创建用户及用户组
groupadd -g 9002 zabbix && useradd -u 9002 -g zabbix -d /home/zabbix -c "zabbix Admin" zabbix && usermod -G zabbix apache
#执行上面的语句限于在Centos6,验证httpd运行用户:grep "^User" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
3.编译安装zabbix
cd /usr/local/src && wget https://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/3.2.6/zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src && tar xf zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz && cd zabbix-3.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix/ --enable-server --enable-proxy --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2 --enable-snmp --with-mbstring && make && make install
4.安装web页面
复制php页面到指定位置
/usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.6 && cp -rp frontends/php /usr/local/zabbix/www && cp /usr/local/zabbix/www/conf/zabbix.conf.php.example /usr/local/zabbix/www/conf/zabbix.conf.php
vim /usr/local/zabbix/www/include/classes/setup/CFrontendSetup.php
添加$current = -1;
public function checkPhpAlwaysPopulateRawPostData() {
$current = ini_get('always_populate_raw_post_data');
$current = -1;
return [
'name' => _s('PHP option "%1$s"',
'always_populate_raw_post_data'),
'current' => ($current != -1) ? _('on') : _('off'),
'required' => _('off'),
'result' => ($current != -1) ? self::CHECK_FATAL : self::CHECK_OK,
'error' => _s('PHP option "%1$s" must be set to "%2$s"',
'always_populate_raw_post_data', -1)
];
}
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612193554634-366426198.png
配置中文字体
复制C:\Windows\Fonts(楷体)到/usr/local/zabbix/www/fonts
sed -i 's/DejaVuSans/simkai/g' /usr/local/zabbix/www/include/defines.inc.php
数据库初始化
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default
-character-set=utf8
socket
=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
join_buffer_size
= 128M
sort_buffer_size
= 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size
= 2M
datadir
=/home/mysql/data #设置mysql数据存储路径
port
=33070 #设置mysql端口为33070
skip
-name-resolve #设置跳过域名检查
character
-set-server=utf8
collation
-server=utf8_general_ci
socket
= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
max_connections
=1000 #设置最大连接数为1000
max_user_connections
=500 #设置每用户最大连接数为500
wait_timeout
=200 #设置200秒后关闭空闲(IDLE)的连接,但是对正在工作的连接不影响
symbolic
-links=0
innodb_file_per_table
=1
#mater
server
-id = 1
log
-bin=mysqlmaster-bin
binlog
-do-db = zabbix#指定需要进行主从的数据库
binlog_cache_size
= 4M
binlog_format
=mixed
expire_logs_days
=3
binlog
-ignore-db=test #不记录test库的binlog
replicate
-ignore-db=test #不复制test库的binlog
sync_binlog
=1
sql_mode
=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
log
-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid
-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
/etc.my.cnf
#启动mysqld服务
service mysqld start
#设置mysql创建数据库zabbix并授权zabbix用户访问
mysql>create database zabbix default charset utf8;
mysql>grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@'%'>
mysql>grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@'localhost'>
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
#导入数据表 注意:这里root用户位置密码
mysql zabbix < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.6/database/mysql/schema.sql
mysql zabbix < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.6/database/mysql/images.sql
mysql zabbix < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.6/database/mysql/data.sql
修改zabbix_server.conf
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBPort=33070
zabbix_agentd.conf文件默认就好,在agent端涉及到修改。
配置apache访问
Alias /zabbix "/usr/local/zabbix/www"
<Directory "/usr/local/zabbix/www">
#SSLRequireSSL
Options None
AllowOverride None
#Order allow,deny
#Allow from all
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
Allow from 10.124.151.0/24
AuthName "zabbix Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/zabbix/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
</Directory>
重启httpd之后浏览器访问http://IP/zabbix进行配置
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612184019196-131025364.png
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612184105962-25646565.png出现这些错误需要一项项的修改需要配置PHP.ini。已将该步骤提前至第一步基础环境配置。
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612184940587-1548209950.png
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612190844259-180122522.png
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612191352025-1612338265.png
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612191455103-613215858.png
https://images2015.cnblogs.com/blog/846795/201706/846795-20170612191708946-2044076012.png
如果出现这个问题,按照提示进行操作。为了方便,这里已经将该问题出现所属的文件在“web安装”步骤的最开始一步“复制php文件到指定路径”执行。(cp /usr/local/zabbix/www/conf/zabbix.conf.php.example /usr/local/zabbix/www/conf/zabbix.conf.php)
最后登录控制台:admin:zabbix
在首页发现下面报错:
A non well formed numeric value encountered
A non well formed numeric value encountered
A non well formed numeric value encountered
解决办法:(目前已知道的php7.1安装3.x版本的出现这个错误:参考:http://www.iyunv.com/Linux/2017-02/140146.htm)
sed -i '/$last = strtolower(substr($val, -1));/a$val = substr($val,0,-1);' /home/www/zabbix/include/func.inc.php
5.配置启动脚本
/usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.6 && cp -f misc/init.d/fedora/core5/zabbix_* /etc/init.d/
sed -i 's/ZABBIX_BIN=\"\/usr\/local\//&zabbix\//' /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
sed -i 's/ZABBIX_BIN=\"\/usr\/local\//&zabbix\//' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
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#!/bin/bash
#
#
/etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_server
#
# Starts the zabbix_server daemon
#
# chkconfig:
- 95 5
# description: Zabbix Monitoring Server
# processname: zabbix_server
# pidfile:
/tmp/zabbix_server.pid
# Modified
for Zabbix 2.0.0
# May
2012, Zabbix SIA
# Source
function library.
.
/etc/init.d/functions
RETVAL
=0
prog
="Zabbix Server"
ZABBIX_BIN
="/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server"
if [ ! -x ${ZABBIX_BIN} ] ; then
echo -n "${ZABBIX_BIN} not installed! "
# Tell the user this has skipped
exit 5
fi
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_server
echo
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_server
echo
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload|restart)
stop
sleep 10
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_server ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {condrestart|start|stop|restart|reload|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
/etc/init.d/zabbix_server
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#!/bin/bash
#
#
/etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_agentd
#
# Starts the zabbix_agentd daemon
#
# chkconfig:
- 95 5
# description: Zabbix Monitoring Agent
# processname: zabbix_agentd
# pidfile:
/tmp/zabbix_agentd.pid
# Modified
for Zabbix 2.0.0
# May
2012, Zabbix SIA
# Source
function library.
.
/etc/init.d/functions
RETVAL
=0
prog
="Zabbix Agent"
ZABBIX_BIN
="/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd"
if [ ! -x ${ZABBIX_BIN} ] ; then
echo -n "${ZABBIX_BIN} not installed! "
# Tell the user this has skipped
exit 5
fi
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd
echo
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd
echo
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload|restart)
stop
sleep 10
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {condrestart|start|stop|restart|reload|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_server && chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd && chkconfig zabbix_server on && chkconfig zabbix_agentd on
6.启动服务
service zabbix_server start
service zabbix_agentd start
三、zabbix-proxy端部署:
1.所需环境安装:
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ openssl* pcre pcre-devel gd gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel autoconf automake imake expat-devel cmake libaio libaio-devel bzr bison libtool ncurses ncurses-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel curl-devel
2.下载源码:
cd /usr/local/src && wget https://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/3.2.6/zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz
3.创建用户及用户组
groupadd -g 9002 zabbix && useradd -u 9002 -r -g zabbix -s /etc/nologin zabbix
4.编译安装zabbix
cd /usr/local/src && tar xf zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz && cd zabbix-3.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix/ --enable-proxy --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2 --enable-snmp --with-mbstring && make && make install
5.安装和配置mysql
yum -y localinstall https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
#修改mysql源为5.7关闭,5.6 开启
yum -y install fontconfig-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel gd-devel perl-GD openssl-devel perl-DBD-MySQL mysql-community-server mysql-community-devel php71w php71w-devel php71w-mysql php71w-gd php71w-ldap php71w-xml php71w-mbstring php71w-bcmath.x86_64
配置my.cnf
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
join_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/home/mysql/data #设置mysql数据存储路径
port=33070 #设置mysql端口为33070
skip-name-resolve #设置跳过域名检查
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
max_connections=1000 #设置最大连接数为1000
max_user_connections=500 #设置每用户最大连接数为500
wait_timeout=200 #设置200秒后关闭空闲(IDLE)的连接,但是对正在工作的连接不影响
symbolic-links=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
#mater
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysqlmaster-bin
binlog-do-db = zabbix#指定需要进行主从的数据库
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format=mixed
expire_logs_days=3
binlog-ignore-db=test #不记录test库的binlog
replicate-ignore-db=test #不复制test库的binlog
sync_binlog=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
启动mysql并操作
#启动mysqld服务
service mysqld start
#设置mysql创建数据库zabbix并授权zabbix用户访问
mysql>create database zabbix_proxy default charset utf8;
mysql>grant all on zabbix_proxy.* to zabbix@'localhost'>
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
#导入数据表 注意:这里root用户位置密码
mysql zabbix_proxy < /usr/local/src/zabbix-3.2.6/database/mysql/schema.sql#代理只需要配置这一个表
5.配置启动脚本
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#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig:
345 95 95
# desctription: Zabbix Proxy
# Zabbix
# Copyright (C)
2001-2013 Zabbix SIA
#
# This program is
free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version
2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed
in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License
for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program;
if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA02110-1301, USA.
# Start
/Stop the Zabbix agent daemon.
# Place a startup script
in /sbin/init.d, and link to it from /sbin/rc.d
SERVICE
="Zabbix proxy"
PIDFILE
=/tmp/zabbix_proxy.pid
BASEDIR
=/usr/local/zabbix3.0.4
DAEMON
=$BASEDIR/sbin/zabbix_proxy
CONFIGFILE
=$BASEDIR/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf
case $1 in 'start')
if [ -x ${DAEMON} ]
then
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE
# Error checking here would be good...
echo "${SERVICE} started."
else
echo "Can't find file ${DAEMON}."
echo "${SERVICE} NOT started."
fi
;;
'stop')
if [ -s ${PIDFILE} ]
then
if kill `cat ${PIDFILE}` >/dev/null 2>&1
then
echo "${SERVICE} terminated."
rm -f ${PIDFILE}
fi
else
echo "${PIDFILE} is not found."
echo "${SERVICE} NOT stopd."
fi
;;
'restart')
$0 stop
sleep 10
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
/etc/init.d/zabbix_proxy
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#!/bin/bash
#
#
/etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_agentd
#
# Starts the zabbix_agentd daemon
#
# chkconfig:
- 95 5
# description: Zabbix Monitoring Agent
# processname: zabbix_agentd
# pidfile:
/tmp/zabbix_agentd.pid
# Modified
for Zabbix 2.0.0
# May
2012, Zabbix SIA
# Source
function library.
.
/etc/init.d/functions
RETVAL
=0
prog
="Zabbix Agent"
ZABBIX_BIN
="/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd"
if [ ! -x ${ZABBIX_BIN} ] ; then
echo -n "${ZABBIX_BIN} not installed! "
# Tell the user this has skipped
exit 5
fi
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd
echo
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd
echo
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload|restart)
stop
sleep 10
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {condrestart|start|stop|restart|reload|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_proxy && chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd&&chkconfig zabbix_proxy on && chkconfig zabbix_agentd on
6.配置/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf配置文件
Server=X.X.X.X(zabbix_server IP)
ProxyMode=0
DBname=zabbix_proxy
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBPort=33070
7.启动服务
service zabbix_proxy start
service zabbix_agentd start
四、zabbix-agentd端部署:
1.源码部署:
cd /usr/local/src && wget https://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/3.2.6/zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src && tar xf zabbix-3.2.6.tar.gz && cd zabbix-3.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix/--enable-agent&& make && make install
配置/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=x.x.x.x (zabbix_server|zabbix_proxy IP) (被动)
ServerActive=x.x.x.x (zabbix_server|zabbix_proxy IP) (主动)
Hostname=agent-1 (独立主机名)
启动脚本:
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#!/bin/bash
#
#
/etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix_agentd
#
# Starts the zabbix_agentd daemon
#
# chkconfig:
- 95 5
# description: Zabbix Monitoring Agent
# processname: zabbix_agentd
# pidfile:
/tmp/zabbix_agentd.pid
# Modified
for Zabbix 2.0.0
# May
2012, Zabbix SIA
# Source
function library.
.
/etc/init.d/functions
RETVAL
=0
prog
="Zabbix Agent"
ZABBIX_BIN
="/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd"
if [ ! -x ${ZABBIX_BIN} ] ; then
echo -n "${ZABBIX_BIN} not installed! "
# Tell the user this has skipped
exit 5
fi
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd
echo
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd
echo
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload|restart)
stop
sleep 10
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/zabbix_agentd ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status $ZABBIX_BIN
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {condrestart|start|stop|restart|reload|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 启动&&开机自启
service zabbix_agentd start && ckconfig zabbix_agentd on
2.yum安装:
安装zabbix.repo
name=CentOS-$releasever - zabbix
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/3.2/rhel/6/x86_64/
enable=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-79EA5ED4
yum安装
yum install zabbix-agent.x86_64 -y
配置/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=x.x.x.x (zabbix_server|zabbix_proxy IP) (被动)
ServerActive=x.x.x.x (zabbix_server|zabbix_proxy IP) (主动)
Hostname=agent-1 (独立主机名)
启动&&开机自启
service zabbix_agent start && ckconfig zabbix_agent on
四、配置与使用
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