搭建docker私有库registry
最近公司测试环境需要用docker，个人也觉得docker的build one Run Anywhere非常强大。由于目前大多数的镜像下载网站都是在国外站点，国内用户在下镜像的时候就时常遇到下载速度超慢的情况；而且在将Docker应用到生产环境的过程中，还会面临下载过来的Docker镜像是否安全的问题。因些在生产环境下搭建私有的Docker Registry，就是一个一举二得的方案了。
但目前国内的大多数企业使用的发行版，为Redhat体系，其中又以Centos环境居多。而网上的资料和出版的书籍在介绍Docker的时候都是以ubuntu为基础进行讲解和配置，而CentOS6.x以上版本访问私有的 Docker
Registry 都需要SSL的支持。因此使用CentOS来搭建此服务最大的难点是配置和使用SSL，并让做为反向代理的nginx支持SSL传输和认证。
环境
[*] 服务器IP：192.168.0201
[*] 服务器域名：registry.com
#https的SSL证书生成时不能用IP地址因此这里随意设置一个域名即可，不一定为真实域名。
[*] 客户端IP：192.168.0.203
[*] 代理服务器：nignx (反向代理)
一.在Registry服务器上配置SSL
1.安装相关的依赖。
yum install -y gcc pcre-devel pcre-static openssl openssl-devel httpd-tools
[*] gcc 是编译器；
[*] pcre-devel pcre-static 是编译nginx时需要的依赖包；
[*] openssl openssl-devel 用于生成SSL根证书及密钥并进行nignx证书的签发；
[*] httpd-tools 用来生成登录https服务的帐号及密码。
2.添加域名到本地/etc/hosts
echo "192.168.0.201 registry.com" >> /etc/hosts 3.生成跟秘钥
cd /etc/pki/CA
rm -rf cacert.pem index.txt index.txt.attr index.txt.old serial serial.oldopenssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048运行结果：
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus...................................................+++....................................................................................+++e is 65537 (0x10001) 4.生成根证书
cd /etc/pki/CA
openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem 运行结果:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporatedinto your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.-----Country Name (2 letter code) :CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:liaoning
Locality Name (eg, city) :shenyang
Organization Name (eg, company) :cmzstevenstudio
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:registry.cmzsteven.com
Email Address []: 在运行过程中会提示一些信息用于生成私有的CA根证书。需要特别注意的是倒数第二行“Common Name”，这里需要输入的是事先准备好的服务器域名
生成的证书存放的位置：/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
5.为nginx生成ssl密钥
mkdir -p /etc/nginx/ssl
cd /etc/nginx/ssl
openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 2048 运行结果:
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus...............................................................+++......................................+++e is 65537 (0x10001) *CA中心服务与要申请证书的Nginx服务应该运行在同一台服务器上，否则应该是在需要运行Nginx服务的服务器上生成证书。
6.为nginx生成证书签署请求
openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr 运行结果：
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus...............................................................+++......................................+++e is 65537 (0x10001)# openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) :CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:liaoning
Locality Name (eg, city) :shenyang
Organization Name (eg, company) :cmzstevenstudio
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:registry.cmzsteven.com
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []: 生成过程与之前生成CA根证书的过程差不多。
“Common Name”需要填写事先准备好的域名。
最后多出的几行”challenge passwd”和”optional company name”可以为空。
7、使用私有CA根据Nginx的请求来签发证书
touch /etc/pki/CA/index.txt
touch /etc/pki/CA/serial
echo 00 > /etc/pki/CA/serial
openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt 运行结果
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnfCheck that the request matches the signatureSignature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 0 (0x0)
Validity Not Before: Oct 24 03:13:32 2015 GMT Not After : Oct 23 03:13:32 2016 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = liaoning
organizationName = cmzstevenstudio
commonName = registry.cmzsteven.com
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 59:6D:08:34:57:47:F4:5E:28:62:D5:60:3C:CF:37:10:45:70:53:66
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:AC:06:A4:97:32:75:46:13:BC:15:78:EC:F9:35:19:B9:22:DE:0D:B7
Certificate is to be certified until Oct 23 03:13:32 2016 GMT (365 days)Sign the certificate? :y1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? yWrite out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated 在提示需要输入””时，都输入”y”就可以了。
三、在服务器上编译安装Nginx，并配置为反向代理
1、下载Nginx源文件
cd /usr/local/src
yum install -y wget
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz 2、编译安装Nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.8.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_flv_modulemake
make install 3、编译Nginx配置文件
cd cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
vim nginx.conf 内容如下
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' '$host "$request_uri" $status' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
upstream registry { server 127.0.0.1:5000;
}
server { listen 443; server_name10.0.0.201;#服务器的IP
sslon;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;
location / { auth_basic "registry";
auth_basic_user_file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/.htpasswd;
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass
http://registry;
proxy_set_headerHost$ttp_host;
proxy_set_headerX-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_headerAuthorization"";
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_temp_file_write_size64k;
}
location /_ping {
auth_basic off;
proxy_pass http://registry;
}
location /v1/_ping {
auth_basic off;
proxy_pass http://registry;
}
}
} 验证配置是否正确：
# sbin/nginx -t nginx:
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful 4、启动Nginx服务
4.1、新建启动角本
touch /etc/init.d/nginx
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
角本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN=
"/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF=
"/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID=
"/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=
0
prog=
"Nginx"
start
() {
echo
-n $
"Starting
$prog
: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon
$NGINX_SBIN
-c
$NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return
$RETVAL
}
stop
() {
echo
-n $
"Stopping
$prog
: "
killproc -p
$NGINX_PID
$NGINX_SBIN
-TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return
$RETVAL
}
reload
(){
echo
-n $
"Reloading
$prog
: "
killproc -p
$NGINX_PID
$NGINX_SBIN
-HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return
$RETVAL
}
restart
(){
stop
start
}
configtest
(){
$NGINX_SBIN
-c
$NGINX_CONF
-t
return
0
}
case
"
$1
"
in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo
$
"Usage:
$0
{start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=
1
esac
exit
$RETVAL 4.2、启动服务
chkconfig nginx on
service nginx start
5、生成登录https服务的账户和密码
htpasswd -cb /usr/local/nginx/conf/.htpasswd docker 123456
四、服务器上安装配置Docker Registry服务
1、安装Docker
yum -y install docker-io12、修改Docker配置文件
echo "DOCKER_OPTS=\"--insecure-registry docker.yy.com --tlsverify --tlscacert /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem\"" >> /etc/sysconfig/docker13、启动Docker服务
chkconfig docker onservice docker start124、下载registry镜像
docker pull registry15、运行registry镜像
mkdir /docker_registry#在宿主机上新建用于存放镜像的文件夹docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /docker_registry:/tmp/registry --name=docker_registry registry12命令详解：
[*] -p 5000：5000 将本地5000端口映射到容器的5000端口上；
[*] -v 将本地的文件夹/docker_registry映射到容器存放镜像文件的/tmp/registry文件夹；
[*] –name 将生成的容器命名为：docker_registry。
查看生成的容器：
# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES2185389323f5 registry "docker-registry" 14 seconds ago Up 12 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp docker_registry1236、将容器docker_registry设置为开自自启动
echo "docker start 2185389323f5" >> /etc/rc.local17、测试通过Nginx访问registry服务
# curl -i -k -u docker:147258https://registry.cmzsteven.com:443HTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginx/1.8.0Date: Sat, 24 Oct 2015 05:24:22 GMT
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 28Connection: keep-aliveExpires: -1Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache"\"docker-registry server\""123456789101112如果测试结果出现“HTTP/1.1 200 OK”和 “\”docker-registry server\”” 说明registry服务器已经搭建成功。
五、客户端配置SSL
1、在客户端上添加registry的域名解析
echo "172.20.31.201 registry.cmzsteven.com" >> /etc/hosts12、将registry服务器上的根证书内容复制到客户端ca-certificates.crt里
服务器查看根证书内容：
# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem1根证书内容样例：
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----MIIDrzCCApegAwIBAgIJAOIsiUqgCNd+MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMG4xCzAJBgNVBAYTAkNOMREwDwYDVQQIDAhsaWFvbmluZzERMA8GA1UEBwwIc2hlbnlhbmcxGDAWBgNVBAoMD2NtenN0ZXZlbnN0dWRpbzEfMB0GA1UEAwwWcmVnaXN0cnkuY216c3RldmVuLmNvbTAeFw0xNTEwMjQwMjUwNTlaFw0xNTExMjMwMjUwNTlaMG4xCzAJBgNVBAYTAkNOMREwDwYDVQQIDAhsaWFvbmluZzERMA8GA1UEBwwIc2hlbnlhbmcxGDAWBgNVBAoMD2NtenN0ZXZlbnN0dWRpbzEfMB0GA1UEAwwWcmVnaXN0cnkuY216c3RldmVuLmNvbTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBALCGouLPUJpFQXMLZlG1CORskWXd9HK2s1Vd2lwb6ufePZ7WMBtS59cdQmcXHZSdSGzwmZtUY+M647x4Har9T+4RGiBvD2AvFqQ9SxziKzI4u3BTROmeEJocsEaW6LXDqlsh9tYfVAbR10/392WvGNTIgL5iPd+depEcilV7M7i3vd3sTmJ3JCDm6yATTs9B5vNeBlYyuQP6rQjBla2+KOZeUJ8u4VCl8FZWzuepQBMMwF8yOujBFP4xuhumzeg7bqYnxQeeMjyxK2jZc+cRLNdJ5qi66MQJksRt5F2EU402P80dbaJH7Aqc2/rEAbjLCTsPuI3VBUVZpec69ZmtudMCAwEAAaNQME4wHQYDVR0OBBYEFKwGpJcydUYTvBV47Pk1Gbki3g23MB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFKwGpJcydUYTvBV47Pk1Gbki3g23MAwGA1UdEwQFMAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAIWcx606kPeA6CA4KcPZgDULMu5ZmOwHoXCGKez8EbRI5Vc3IgteFXalRf4Z6PrOh/u4qY0LxgeSOcD5Ws6qA0hAexRqrxsH2mYcbADMwnL5xUp22y5HxuZ2NpRV4rEe8s8vUEgrJECJgfbyMKXPHGwLCnIYu0YxYParYkfLHd4nE3h0ZiXhry6p3k2//0WwLQdW8lnRO3mTNOtfJVUzoNtIOCK/kkKTMqPX+U+zb0j65mlTLqTkhebtETiLd6XwO5QsNXU6iQ5iJgSrAlQVX/2VMgOXsqX6QJBetYiemfGqaZIpppcffUpDdP8WNv1t4nLac2gEQZjNo5GY5APCs2A=-----END CERTIFICATE-----12345678910111213141516171819202122上你搭建的服务器上的根证书的内容复制到
touch /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crtvim /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crt123、测试访问服务器registry
# curl -i -k -u docker:147258 https://registry.cmzsteven.comHTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginx/1.8.0Date: Sat, 24 Oct 2015 05:46:24 GMT
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 28Connection: keep-aliveExpires: -1Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache"\"docker-registry server\""123456789101112OK!
4、客户端通过Docker登录registry服务
docker login -u docker -p 147258 https://registry.cmzsteven.com12当client端 docker login出现 x509: certificate signed by unknown authority 错误时的解决方法：
#重命名根证书mv /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crt.bak#重启docker服务! service docker restart1234六、客户端上传镜像
1、下载centos镜像用于测试*
docker pull centos1下载后查看镜像：
# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 6 weeks ago 172.3 MB1232、给下载的镜像打个私有仓库的tag
docker tag centos:latest registrycom/centos:latest1查看镜像：
# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
registry.cmzsteven.com/centos latest 0f73ae75014f 6 weeks ago 172.3 MB
centos latest 0f73ae75014f 6 weeks ago 172.3 MB12343、上传镜像到registry服务器
# docker push registry.cmzsteven.com/centos:latestThe push refers to a repository (len: 1)
Sending image list
Pushing repository registry.cmzsteven.com/centos (1 tags)47d44cb6f252: Image successfully pushedf6f39725d938: Image successfully pushedf9a8cbc8dd13: Image successfully pushedf37e6a610a37: Image successfully pushed0f73ae75014f: Image successfully pushed
Pushing tag for rev on {https://registry.cmzsteven.com/v1/repositories/centos/tags/latest}12345678910七、客户端下载镜像
1、从registry服务器下载镜像
为了测试先删除之前打过tag的镜像：
# docker rmi registry.cmzsteven.com/centos:latestUntagged: registry.cmzsteven.com/centos:latest12下载镜像：
# docker pull registry.cmzsteven.com/centos:latestPulling repository registry.cmzsteven.com/centos0f73ae75014f: Download complete47d44cb6f252: Download completef6f39725d938: Download completef9a8cbc8dd13: Download completef37e6a610a37: Download completeStatus: Image is up to date for registry.cmzsteven.com/centos:latest123456782、查看下载的镜像
# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
centos latest 0f73ae75014f 6 weeks ago 172.3 MB 参考博客http://blog.csdn.net/cmzsteven/article/details/49382651
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