Python面向对象类成员特性
特性的存在就是将方法伪装成字段。property
把类方法当做普通字段去调用，即用对象调用的时候后面不用加括号
[*] #!/usr/bin/env python
[*] # _*_coding:utf-8 _*_
[*]
[*] class Foo:
[*]
[*] @property
[*] def Characteristic(self):
[*] print("类方法的特性")
[*]
[*] # 创建一个对象
[*] obj = Foo()
[*] # 调用类方法的时候方法后面不用加括号
[*] obj.Characteristic
输出
[*] /usr/bin/python3.5 /home/yangwen/文档/Python_code/sublime/Week06/Day04/s2.py
[*] 类方法的特性
[*]
[*] Process finished with exit code 0
setter
设置类方法的值
[*] #!/usr/bin/env python
[*] # _*_coding:utf-8 _*_
[*]
[*] class Foo:
[*]
[*] # 获取Characteristic值
[*] @property
[*] def Characteristic(self):
[*] return "获取Characteristic值"
[*]
[*] # 意思是下面的Characteristic函数用来给上面的Characteristic函数设置值
[*] @Characteristic.setter
[*] def Characteristic(self, value):
[*] return "设置Characteristic的值"
[*]
[*] # 创建一个对象
[*] obj = Foo()
[*]
[*] # 获取Characteristic的值
[*] print(obj.Characteristic)
[*]
[*] # 设置Characteristic的值
[*] obj.Characteristic = 123
输出
[*] /usr/bin/python3.5 /home/yangwen/文档/Python_code/sublime/Week06/Day04/s2.py
[*] 获取Characteristic值
[*]
[*] Process finished with exit code 0
deleter
[*] class Foo:
[*]
[*] # 特殊字段
[*] @property
[*] def pp(self):
[*] # 调用特殊字段的时候输出aaa
[*] print("property")
[*]
[*] @pp.setter
[*] def pp(self, value):
[*] # 调用设置方法的时候输出value的值
[*] print(value)
[*]
[*] @pp.deleter
[*] def pp(self):
[*] # 调用删除方法的时候输出del
[*] print("deleter")
[*]
[*] # 创建一个对象obj
[*] obj = Foo()
[*]
[*] # 自动执行@property
[*] obj.pp
[*]
[*] # 自动执行@pp.setter
[*] obj.pp = 999
[*]
[*] # 自动执行@pp.deleter
[*] del obj.pp
输出
[*] yangwen@Darker:~$ python3 /home/yangwen/文档/Python_code/sublime/Week07/s1.py
[*] property
[*] 999
[*] delete
另一种调用特殊属性的方法
[*] class Foo:
[*]
[*] def f1(self):
[*] print("f1")
[*]
[*] def f2(self, value):
[*] print("f2")
[*]
[*] def f3(self):
[*] print("f3")
[*]
[*] SpecialFields = property(fget=f1, fset=f2, fdel=f3, doc="我是注释")
[*]
[*] # 创建一个对象
[*] obj = Foo()
[*]
[*] # 调用类的f1方法
[*] obj.SpecialFields
[*]
[*] # 调用类的f2方法
[*] obj.SpecialFields = 123
[*]
[*] # 调用类的发方法
[*] del obj.SpecialFields
[*]
[*] # 调用类的doc，这里只能通过类去访问，对象无法访问
[*] print(Foo.SpecialFields.__doc__)
输出结果
[*] yangwen@Darker:~$ python3 /home/yangwen/文档/Python_code/sublime/Week07/s1.py
[*] f1
[*] f2
[*] f3
[*] 我是注释
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