python datetime模块的日常使用
python datetime模块的日常使用# python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Jun 27 2017, 11:19:01)
on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import datetime
# 获得当前时间，以字符串格式输出
>>> datetime.datetime.now() # 输出当前时间，datetime格式
datetime.datetime(2017, 7, 31, 10, 53, 8, 430324)
>>> print type(datetime.datetime.now())
<type 'datetime.datetime'>
>>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%F %T") # datetime格式转换为str格式
'2017-07-31 10:53:46'
>>> print type(datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%F %T"))
<type 'str'>
# 计算时间差
>>> start = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> end = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> print start, type(start)
2017-07-31 10:58:36.875319 <type 'datetime.datetime'>
>>> print end, type(end)
2017-07-31 10:58:51.778787 <type 'datetime.datetime'>
>>> time_seconds = (end - start).seconds # 相差多少秒
>>> print time_seconds, type(time_seconds)
14 <type 'int'>
>>> time_microseconds = (end - start).microseconds # 相差多少微秒
>>> print time_microseconds, type(time_microseconds)
903468 <type 'int'>
>>> time_days = (end - start).days # 相差多少天
>>> print time_days, type(time_days)
0 <type 'int'>
>>> delta_time = float(str(time_days*86400 + time_seconds) + "." + str(time_microseconds)) # 计算相差多少秒（需要相加三部分）
>>> print delta_time, type(delta_time)
14.903468 <type 'float'>
# 将时间转换str格式到datetime格式
>>> time_string = "2012-02-02 22:22:22"
>>> print type(time_string)
<type 'str'>
>>> time_datetime = datetime.datetime.strptime(time_string, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
>>> print time_datetime, type(time_datetime)
2012-02-02 22:22:22 <type 'datetime.datetime'>
# 计算两个时间的时间差
>>> t1 = "2012-02-02 22:22:22"
>>> t2 = "2012-02-28 11:11:11"
>>> t1_datetime = datetime.datetime.strptime(t1, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
>>> t2_datetime = datetime.datetime.strptime(t2, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
>>> t2_datetime
datetime.datetime(2012, 2, 28, 11, 11, 11)
>>> t1_datetime
datetime.datetime(2012, 2, 2, 22, 22, 22)
>>> print (t2_datetime - t1_datetime).days
25
>>> print (t2_datetime - t1_datetime).seconds
46129
>>> delta_t = delta_days*86400 + delta_seconds # 计算相差多少秒
>>> print delta_t, type(delta_t)
2206129 <type 'int'>
注意：
t2时间部分换算成秒：40271
t1时间部分换算成秒：80542
所以秒数相减的话，需要自动从天数借一天，即86400+40271-80542=46219
而天数相减就变为28-1-2=25
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