Nginx+Keepalived主备负载均衡学习笔记
实验环境及软件版本：CentOS版本： 6.6(2.6.32.-504.el6.x86_64)nginx版本： nginx-1.6.2keepalived版本：keepalived-1.2.7
准备工作：关闭防火墙：service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off关闭selinux: sed -i 's/SELINUX=disabled/SELINUX=enforcing/g' /etc/selinux/config init 6 重启系统一定要！
1.准备安装依赖包:
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ popt-devel
安装keepalived出现configure: error: Popt libraries is required
解决方法:yum -y install popt-devel
2.下载安装包
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
3.安装NginX
tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.2
./configure
make && make install
4.安装keepalived
tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.7
./configure
make
make install
cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
5.加入开机自启动服务
方法一
echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" >> /etc/rc.local
echo "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local
方法二
# cat >>/etc/rc.local<<EOF
> /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
> /etc/init.d/keepalived start
> EOF
# cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
6.配置
6.1 配置nginx
两台接入服务器的nginx的配置完全一样,主要配置/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的http.其中多域名指向是通过虚拟主机(配置http下面的server)实现;同一域名的不同虚拟目录通过每
个server下面的不同location实现.
http {
include mime.types;
default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
#log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$re
quest" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_loglogs/access.logmain;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout0;
keepalive_timeout65;
#gzipon;
upstream myserver{
server 192.168.0.110:80max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
server 192.168.0.111:80max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
ip_hash;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name192.168.0.150;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_loglogs/host.access.logmain;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.php index.htm index.html;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 error timeo
ut invalid_header;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://myserver;
}
}
6.2 配置keepalived
按照上面的安装方法,keepalived的配置文件在/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.主、从服务器的
配置相关联但有所不同。如下：
Master:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server smtp.etiantian.org
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id nginx_master
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.150
}
}
Backup:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server smtp.etiantian.org
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id nginx_backup
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.150
}
}
7.验证：
先后在主、从服务器上启动/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
在主服务器上查看是否已经绑定了虚拟IP(VIP):ip addr
# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:af:00:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.130/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.0.150/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feaf:4e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
停止主服务器上的keepalived:/etc/init.d/keepalived stop然后在从服务器上查看是否已经绑
定了虚拟IP(VIP):
# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:21:b6:b1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.131/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.0.150/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe21:b6b1/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
启动主服务器上的keepalived:/etc/init.d/keepalived start,再看看主服务器能否重新接管虚拟IP(VIP)
# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:af:00:4e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.130/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.0.150/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feaf:4e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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