openstack api快速入门
原文:http://my.oschina.net/guol/blog/105430openstack官方有提供api供开发者使用，可以使用api做一些外围的小工具，用来简化对openstack的管理。
api-quickstart:http://docs.openstack.org/api/quick-start/content/index.html
api-doc:http://api.openstack.org/api-ref.html
环境：ubuntu12.10(10.1.1.186)
如果你看了官方的quickstart，他会让你先生成一个X-Auth-Token值，然后使用这个认证的值调用相关的api接口。如下过程：
1curl-k -X 'POST' -v http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0/tokens-d '{"auth":{"passwordCredentials":{"username":"guol", "password":"123456"}}}' -H 'Content-type:application/json' |python -mjson.tool输出结果如下：
01{
02 "access":{
03 "serviceCatalog":{},
04 "token":{
05 "expires": "2013-01-27T04:55:35Z",
06 "id": "a4b6a871ff2f41a797c0b7d45c69f81e"
07 },
08 "user":{
09 "id": "4c1a6122fc874a8bb541a34be3b316ad",
10 "name": "guol",
11 "roles":[],
12 "roles_links":[],
13 "username": "guol"
14 }
15 }
16}然后使用token id调用你使用的api
1curl-X 'GET' -H"X-Auth-Token:a4b6a871ff2f41a797c0b7d45c69f81e" -v http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0/tenants| python -mjson.tool输出的结果如下：
01{
02 "tenants":[
03 {
04 "description": "\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u7ba1\u7406\u5458,\u5168\u5c40\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76ee",
05 "enabled": true,
06 "id": "3a3613f83183435d9c47aa362261f720",
07 "name": "admin"
08 }
09 ],
10 "tenants_links":[]
11} 当你按照api-doc接着调用compute、image、volume等下面的api接口时，会发现统统没有返回值，经过一段时间的摸索，发现对下剩下的api接口是需要使用认证过的token才能使用的，下面的方法才是王道。
获取认证token值
1curl-X POST -d'{"auth":{"tenantName": "VM", "passwordCredentials":{"username": "admin", "password": "123456"}}}' -H "Content-type:application/json" http://10.1.1.186:35357/v2.0/tokens| python -mjson.tool 返回值如下：
001{
002 "access":{
003 "metadata":{
004 "is_admin":0,
005 "roles":[
006 "141927156f7a47d98858e51febaea8cf"
007 ]
008 },
009 "serviceCatalog":[
010 {
011 "endpoints":[
012 {
013 "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
014 "id": "e02aaf58a24641049fddfe7385ce9399",
015 "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
016 "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
017 "region": "RegionOne"
018 }
019 ],
020 "endpoints_links":[],
021 "name": "nova",
022 "type": "compute"
023 },
024 {
025 "endpoints":[
026 {
027 "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",
028 "id": "7c48fa4d876d44e0a3cb324a45a14931",
029 "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",
030 "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",
031 "region": "RegionOne"
032 }
033 ],
034 "endpoints_links":[],
035 "name": "glance",
036 "type": "image"
037 },
038 {
039 "endpoints":[
040 {
041 "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
042 "id": "c08114987bc0443d879436db6290dd08",
043 "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
044 "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
045 "region": "RegionOne"
046 }
047 ],
048 "endpoints_links":[],
049 "name": "volume",
050 "type": "volume"
051 },
052 {
053 "endpoints":[
054 {
055 "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Admin",
056 "id": "cd6c3c2ac44340d6a78cb903ec9bcab3",
057 "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Cloud",
058 "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Cloud",
059 "region": "RegionOne"
060 }
061 ],
062 "endpoints_links":[],
063 "name": "ec2",
064 "type": "ec2"
065 },
066 {
067 "endpoints":[
068 {
069 "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1",
070 "id": "a75755093500441ea954f4874ccecf15",
071 "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1/AUTH_170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
072 "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1/AUTH_170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
073 "region": "RegionOne"
074 }
075 ],
076 "endpoints_links":[],
077 "name": "swift",
078 "type": "object-store"
079 },
080 {
081 "endpoints":[
082 {
083 "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:35357/v2.0",
084 "id": "196e553f9bcc4c8fa425bc0fa28a144b",
085 "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0",
086 "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0",
087 "region": "RegionOne"
088 }
089 ],
090 "endpoints_links":[],
091 "name": "keystone",
092 "type": "identity"
093 }
094 ],
095 "token":{
096 "expires": "2013-01-27T05:06:50Z",
097 "id": "71fb5b7816804febbd89ed315fe67c94",
098 "tenant":{
099 "description": "\u6240\u6709\u516c\u53f8\u81ea\u4e3b\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u53d1\u5e03\u673a,\u5982\u8d5b\u5c14\u53f7,\u529f\u592b\u7b49",
100 "enabled": true,
101 "id": "170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
102 "name": "VM"
103 }
104 },
105 "user":{
106 "id": "24a2251c32504957ad2647c2448ffac3",
107 "name": "admin",
108 "roles":[
109 {
110 "name": "\u524d\u7aef\u6e38\u620f"
111 }
112 ],
113 "roles_links":[],
114 "username": "admin"
115 }
116 }
117} 使用返回的token id和tenant id调用api返回该tenant下的servers
1curl-X GET -H "X-Auth-Token:71fb5b7816804febbd89ed315fe67c94" -H "Content-type:application/json" http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers| python -mjson.tool返回结果如下
01{
02 "servers":[
03 {
04 "id": "ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",
05 "links":[
06 {
07 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",
08 "rel": "self"
09 },
10 {
11 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",
12 "rel": "bookmark"
13 }
14 ],
15 "name": "VM1"
16 },
17 {
18 "id": "e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",
19 "links":[
20 {
21 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",
22 "rel": "self"
23 },
24 {
25 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",
26 "rel": "bookmark"
27 }
28 ],
29 "name": "VM2"
30 },
31 {
32 "id": "beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",
33 "links":[
34 {
35 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",
36 "rel": "self"
37 },
38 {
39 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",
40 "rel": "bookmark"
41 }
42 ],
43 "name": "VM3"
44 },
45 {
46 "id": "f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",
47 "links":[
48 {
49 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",
50 "rel": "self"
51 },
52 {
53 "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",
54 "rel": "bookmark"
55 }
56 ],
57 "name": "VM4"
58 }
59 ]
60}通过返回值可以看到vm tenant中共包含VM1 VM2 VM3 VM4四台实例。
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