Kubernetes集群部署1-ZJ的记事本
1.规划192.168.100.102------>Master
Node
192.168.100.103------>Node1
192.168.100.104------>Node2
注:这里的集群我们使用 https 来部署。
2.配置互信
# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.100.102 Master
192.168.100.103 Node1
192.168.100.104 Node2
# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''
# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.100.103
# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.100.104
3.安装Ansible
# yum -y install ansible
# cat /etc/ansible/hosts | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$
192.168.100.103
192.168.100.104
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=/etc/hosts dest=/etc/'
4.关闭 SELinux 和 Firewall
# sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=/etc/selinux/config dest=/etc/selinux/'
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
# ansible node -a 'systemctl stop firewalld'
# ansible node -a 'systemctl disable firewalld'
5.安装 docker
# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
# yum -y install docker-ce
# docker --version
Docker version 17.06.2-ce, build cec0b72
# systemctl start docker
# systemctl status docker
# systemctl enable docker
# ansible node -m yum -a "state=present name=yum-utils"
# ansible node -m yum -a "state=present name=device-mapper-persistent-data"
# ansible node -m yum -a "state=present name=lvm2"
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/'
# ansible node -m yum -a "state=present name=docker-ce"
# ansible node -a 'systemctl start docker'
# ansible node -a 'systemctl status docker'
# ansible node -a 'systemctl enable docker'
# ansible node -a 'docker --version'
192.168.100.104 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
Docker version 17.06.2-ce, build cec0b72
192.168.100.103 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
Docker version 17.06.2-ce, build cec0b72
6.安装开源PKI工具箱----CFSSL
# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
# chmod u+x cfssl*
# mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
# mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
# mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
# cfssl version
Version: 1.2.0
Revision: dev
Runtime: go1.6
7.安装 Etcd 键值存储系统
# curl -L https://storage.googleapis.com/etcd/v3.2.9/etcd-v3.2.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o /root/etcd-v3.2.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf etcd-v3.2.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# cp etcd-v3.2.9-linux-amd64/etcd* /usr/bin/
# etcd --version
etcd Version: 3.2.9
Git SHA: f1d7dd8
Go Version: go1.8.4
Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64
# etcdctl --version
etcdctl version: 3.2.9
API version: 2
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=etcd-v3.2.9-linux-amd64/etcddest=/usr/bin/ mode=755'
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=etcd-v3.2.9-linux-amd64/etcdctl dest=/usr/bin/ mode=755'
8.安装 Kubernetes 容器集群管理系统
# wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.8.2/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
# cp kubectl kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy /usr/bin/
# kube-apiserver --version
Kubernetes v1.8.2
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=kubelet dest=/usr/bin/ mode=755'
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=kube-proxy dest=/usr/bin/ mode=755'
9.安装 flanneld[为容器提供网络服务]
# curl -L https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.9.0/flannel-v0.9.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o flannel-v0.9.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# mkdir flannel
# tar -zxvf flannel-v0.9.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C flannel
# cp flannel/flanneld/usr/bin
# mkdir /usr/libexec/flannel/ && cp flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh /usr/libexec/flannel/
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=flannel/flanneld dest=/usr/bin/ mode=755'
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh dest=/usr/libexec/flannel/ mode=755'
# flanneld --version
v0.9.0
10.创建 SSL 证书
A. 创建 CA(Certificate Authority)
a. 创建配置文件(注:这里证书签名为10年)
# mkdir ssl && cd ssl
# catca_config.json
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
],
"expiry": "87600h"
}
}
}
}
EOF
b. 创建 CA 证书签名请求
# catca_csr.json
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"L": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
c. 生成 CA 证书和私钥
# cfssl gencert -initca ca_csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
generate received request
received CSR
generating key: rsa-2048
encoded CSR
signed certificate with serial number 364190696737289470871577587903292790301152267546
B. 创建 Kubernetes 证书
a.创建 Kubernetes 证书签名请求
# catkubernetes_csr.json
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"127.0.0.1",
"localhost",
"10.254.0.1",
"192.168.100.102",
"192.168.100.103",
"192.168.100.104",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"L": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
b.生成 Kubernetes 证书和私钥
# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca_config.json -profile=kubernetes kubernetes_csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes
generate received request
received CSR
generating key: rsa-2048
encoded CSR
signed certificate with serial number 562624490776452851974857846236319432028751121504
注:出现的 WARNING 是因为 hosts 字段未设置域名，这里我们就是要给kubernetes的IP生成证书，所以可以忽略该警告。
c.查看所生成的证书
# ls kubernetes*
kubernetes.csrkubernetes_csr.jsonkubernetes-key.pemkubernetes.pem
C. 创建 Admin 证书
a.创建 Admin 证书签名请求
# catadmin_csr.json
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"L": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
注:OU 指定该证书的 Group 为 system:masters，kubelet 使用该证书访问 kube-apiserver 时 ，由于证书被 CA 签名，所以认证通过，同时由于证书用户组为经过预授权的 system:masters，所以被授予访问所有 API 的权限。
b.生成 Admin 证书和私钥
# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca_config.json -profile=kubernetes admin_csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
generate received request
received CSR
generating key: rsa-2048
encoded CSR
signed certificate with serial number 98602736507310427106587925783522327459817057634
c.查看所生成的证书
# ls admin*
admin.csradmin_csr.jsonadmin-key.pemadmin.pem
D. 创建 Kube-Proxy 证书
a.创建 kube-proxy 证书签名请求
# catkube-proxy_csr.json
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"L": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
b.生成 kube-proxy 客户端证书和私钥
# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca_config.json -profile=kuberneteskube-proxy_csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
generate received request
received CSR
generating key: rsa-2048
encoded CSR
signed certificate with serial number 15961203695365328046366272691608837430729281180
c.查看所生成的证书
# ls kube-proxy*
kube-proxy.csrkube-proxy_csr.jsonkube-proxy-key.pemkube-proxy.pem
E. 创建 etcd 证书
a. 创建 etcd 证书签名请求
# catetcd_csr.json
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"127.0.0.1",
"localhost",
"192.168.100.102",
"192.168.100.103",
"192.168.100.104"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
b.生成 etcd 客户端证书和私钥
# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca_config.json -profile=kubernetesetcd_csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
generate received request
received CSR
generating key: rsa-2048
encoded CSR
signed certificate with serial number 168388022915225919243296361863710051151902347190
c.查看所生成的证书
# ls etcd*
etcd.csretcd_csr.jsonetcd-key.pemetcd.pem
F.查看、验证并分发证书
a.查看所生成的证书
# ls *.pem
admin-key.pemadmin.pemca-key.pemca.pemetcd-key.pemetcd.pemkube-proxy-key.pemkube-proxy.pemkubernetes-key.pemkubernetes.pem
b.校验证书
# openssl x509-noout -text -inkubernetes.pem
# cfssl-certinfo -cert kubernetes.pem
c.验证证书是否该CA签发
# openssl verify -CAfile ca.pem kubernetes.pem
kubernetes: OK
d.分发证书至所有 Node
# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl
# cp *.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl
# ansible node -m file -a 'path=/etc/kubernetes/ssl state=directory'
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=/etc/kubernetes/ssl dest=/etc/kubernetes/'
e.配置使系统信任自签名证书
# yum -y install ca-certificates
# update-ca-trust force-enable
# cp ca.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
# update-ca-trust extract
# ansible node -m yum -a "state=present name=ca-certificates"
# ansible node -a "update-ca-trust force-enable"
# ansible node -m copy -a 'src=ca.pem dest=/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/'
# ansible node -a "update-ca-trust extract"
11.创建 kubeconfig 文件
A. 创建 TLS Bootstrapping Token
Token auth file:Token可以是任意的包涵128 bit的字符串，可使用安全的随机数发生器生成。
kubelet 首次启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS Bootstrapping 请求，kube-apiserver 验证 kubelet 请求中的 token 是否与它配置的 token 一致，如果一致则自动为 kubelet生成证书和秘钥。
# cd /etc/kubernetes/
# export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
# cat > token.csv
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