Python正则表达式的用法（1. 匹配）
(作者：玛瑙河，转载请注明作者或出处，)下面列出Python正则表达式的几种匹配用法：
1.测试正则表达式是否匹配字符串的全部或部分
1regex=ur"" #正则表达式
2if re.search(regex, subject):
3 do_something()
4else:
5 do_anotherthing()
6 2.测试正则表达式是否匹配整个字符串
1regex=ur"\Z" #正则表达式末尾以\Z结束
2if re.match(regex, subject):
3 do_something()
4else:
5 do_anotherthing()
6 3.创建一个匹配对象，然后通过该对象获得匹配细节(Create an object with details about how the regex matches (part of) a string)
1regex=ur"" #正则表达式
2match = re.search(regex, subject)
3if match:
4 # match start: match.start()
5 # match end (exclusive): match.end()
6 # matched text: match.group()
7 do_something()
8else:
9 do_anotherthing() 4.获取正则表达式所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by the regex)
1regex=ur"" #正则表达式
2match = re.search(regex, subject)
3if match:
4 result = match.group()
5else:
6 result = "" 5. 获取捕获组所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)
1regex=ur"" #正则表达式
2match = re.search(regex, subject)
3if match:
4 result = match.group(1)
5else:
6 result = "" 6. 获取有名组所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a named group)
1regex=ur"" #正则表达式
2match = re.search(regex, subject)
3if match:
4 result = match.group("groupname")
5else:
6 result = "" 7. 将字符串中所有匹配的子串放入数组中(Get an array of all regex matches in a string)
1result = re.findall(regex, subject) 8.遍历所有匹配的子串(Iterate over all matches in a string)
1for match in re.finditer(r"", subject)
2 # match start: match.start()
3 # match end (exclusive): match.end()
4 # matched text: match.group() 9.通过正则表达式字符串创建一个正则表达式对象(Create an object to use the same regex for many operations)
1reobj = re.compile(regex) 10.用法１的正则表达式对象版本（use regex object for if/else branch whether (part of) a string can be matched）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2if reobj.search(subject):
3 do_something()
4else:
5 do_anotherthing() 11.用法２的正则表达式对象版本（use regex object for if/else branch whether a string can be matched entirely）
1reobj = re.compile(r"\Z") ＃正则表达式末尾以\Z 结束
2if reobj.match(subject):
3 do_something()
4else:
5 do_anotherthing()
6 12.创建一个正则表达式对象，然后通过该对象获得匹配细节（Create an object with details about how the regex object matches (part of) a string）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2match = reobj.search(subject)
3if match:
4 # match start: match.start()
5 # match end (exclusive): match.end()
6 # matched text: match.group()
7 do_something()
8else:
9 do_anotherthing() 13.用正则表达式对象获取匹配子串（Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by the regex）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2match = reobj.search(subject)
3if match:
4 result = match.group()
5else:
6 result = "" 14.用正则表达式对象获取捕获组所匹配的子串（Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a capturing group）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2match = reobj.search(subject)
3if match:
4 result = match.group(1)
5else:
6 result = "" 15.用正则表达式对象获取有名组所匹配的子串（Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a named group）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2match = reobj.search(subject)
3if match:
4 result = match.group("groupname")
5else:
6 result = "" 16.用正则表达式对象获取所有匹配子串并放入数组（Use regex object to get an array of all regex matches in a string）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2result = reobj.findall(subject) 17.通过正则表达式对象遍历所有匹配子串（Use regex object to iterate over all matches in a string）
1reobj = re.compile(regex)
2for match in reobj.finditer(subject):
3 # match start: match.start()
4 # match end (exclusive): match.end()
5 # matched text: match.group()
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