解决Ubuntu中更改MySQL默认编码报错
Ubuntu 12.04,安装了MySQL，完了之后，更改了字符编译，就报错。感觉很郁闷。环境：
[*]root@ubuntu:~# uname -a
[*]Linux ubuntu 3.2.0-23-generic #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
使用的apt-get install mysql-server安装的，然后改变了一下默认的字符集，在/etc/mysql/my.cnf里面的和里加了
default-character-set=utf8，重启就不行了。
[*]root@ubuntu:~# service mysql start
[*]start: Job failed to start
看了系统日志，报了以下内容
[*]Jun 11 22:56:42 ubuntu kernel: [ 4051.584941] init: mysql main process (4021) terminated with status 7
[*]Jun 11 22:56:42 ubuntu kernel: [ 4051.584981] init: mysql main process ended, respawning
[*]Jun 11 22:56:43 ubuntu kernel: [ 4052.134766] init: mysql post-start process (4022) terminated with status 1
[*]Jun 11 22:56:43 ubuntu kernel: [ 4052.154739] type=1400 audit(1339469803.511:40): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=4068 comm="apparmor_parser"
[*]Jun 11 22:56:44 ubuntu kernel: [ 4053.619246] init: mysql main process (4072) terminated with status 7
[*]Jun 11 22:56:44 ubuntu kernel: [ 4053.619296] init: mysql main process ended, respawning
[*]Jun 11 22:56:45 ubuntu kernel: [ 4054.248707] init: mysql post-start process (4073) terminated with status 1
[*]Jun 11 22:56:45 ubuntu kernel: [ 4054.269778] type=1400 audit(1339469805.627:41): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=4119 comm="apparmor_parser"
[*]Jun 11 22:56:47 ubuntu kernel: [ 4055.733347] init: mysql main process (4123) terminated with status 7
[*]Jun 11 22:56:47 ubuntu kernel: [ 4055.733389] init: mysql respawning too fast, stopped
[*]root@ubuntu:~#
纠结了很长时间，今天无意中测试，意外解决了问题，呵呵，不得不说，RP爆发。
配置文件如下
[*]root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf | grep -v '^#'
[*]
[*]
[*]default-character-set=utf8 #这里其实不用指定的，如果要指定，要用这个指令。
[*]port = 3306
[*]socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*]socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[*]nice = 0
[*]
[*]
[*]character_set_server=utf8 #要使用这个命令，default-character-set=utf8会报错
[*]user = mysql
[*]pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[*]socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[*]port = 3306
[*]basedir = /usr
[*]datadir = /var/lib/mysql
[*]tmpdir = /tmp
[*]lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
[*]skip-external-locking
[*]bind-address = 127.0.0.1
[*]key_buffer = 16M
[*]max_allowed_packet = 16M
[*]thread_stack = 192K
[*]thread_cache_size = 8
[*]myisam-recover = BACKUP
[*]query_cache_limit = 1M
[*]query_cache_size = 16M
[*]expire_logs_days = 10
[*]max_binlog_size = 100M
[*]
[*]
[*]quick
[*]quote-names
[*]max_allowed_packet = 16M
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*]key_buffer = 16M
[*]
[*]!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
[*]root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql#
可以看出，在和段中，设置字符编码使用的指令不一样。
然后重启mysql就可以了
[*]root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql# service mysql restart
[*]mysql stop/waiting
[*]mysql start/running, process 6981
[*]root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql# mysql -uroot -p
[*]Enter password:
[*]Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
[*]Your MySQL connection id is 147
[*]Server version: 5.5.22-0ubuntu1 (Ubuntu)
[*]
[*]Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
[*]
[*]Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
[*]affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
[*]owners.
[*]
[*]Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
[*]
[*]mysql> show variables like '%char%';
[*]+--------------------------+----------------------------+
[*]| Variable_name | Value |
[*]+--------------------------+----------------------------+
[*]| character_set_client | utf8 |
[*]| character_set_connection | utf8 |
[*]| character_set_database | utf8 |
[*]| character_set_filesystem | binary |
[*]| character_set_results | utf8 |
[*]| character_set_server | utf8 |
[*]| character_set_system | utf8 |
[*]| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
[*]+--------------------------+----------------------------+
[*]8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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