陈辉煌 发表于 2018-10-1 10:13:03

mysql 主从配置:

  mysql 主从配置:
  master: 192.168.189.140
  slave: 192.168.189.141
  系统:centos 5.4
  防火墙处于关闭状态(要开启的话,需要就要主服务器开放3306端口)
  1、在两台服务器上安装mysql
  tar zxvf mysql-5.1.48.tar.gz
  cd mysql-5.1.48
  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql --with-comment=Source --with-server-suffix=-enterprise-gpl --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-debug --with-big-tables --with- --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=all --with-pthread --enable-static --enable-thread-safe-client --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --enable-assembler --without-ndb-debug--with-plugins=myisam,innobase
  make && make install
  useradd mysql
  cd /usr/local/mysql
  bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
  chown -R root:mysql .
  chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysql
  chgrp -R mysql .
  cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
  chkconfig --add mysqld
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /usr/bin/mysqld
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/mysqldump
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/mysqladmin
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
  echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
  ldconfig
  chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
  service mysqld restart
  mysql -p进入下看是否安装成功
  2、my.cnf的配置
  a、在主服务器(master)上,设置一个从数据库的账户,使用REPLICATION SLAVE赋予权限,如:

  mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave001'@'192.168.189.141'>  修改主数据库的配置文件my.cnf,开启BINLOG,并设置server-id的值,修改之后必须重启Mysql服务
  cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  mkdir /var/log/mysql
  chown -R mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql/
  vi /etc/my.cnf
  添加以下参数:
  server-id=1
  log_bin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
  binlog-do-db=test
  binlog-ignore-db=mysql
  servies mysqld restart 看是否会正常启动 , 没有问题继续 配置从服务器(slave)
  查看:
  mysql> show master status\G;
  *************************** 1. row ***************************
  File: mysql-bin.000002
  Position: 369
  Binlog_Do_DB: test
  Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  b、slave服务器上配置my.cnf
  cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  mkdir /var/log/mysql
  chown -R mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql/
  my.cnf中添加以下参数
  server-id=2
  log_bin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
  master-host=192.168.189.140
  master-user=slave001
  master-port=3306
  master-connect-retry=60
  replicate-do-db=test
  replicate-ignore-db=mysql
  service mysqld restart测试mysql是否正常启动
  在从服务器上,启动slave进程
  mysql> start slave;
  在从服务器进行show salve status验证
  mysql> mysql> show slave status\G;
  *************************** 1. row ***************************
  Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
  Master_Host: 192.168.189.140
  Master_User: slave001
  Master_Port: 3306
  Connect_Retry: 60
  Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
  Read_Master_Log_Pos: 369

  >
  >
  >  Slave_IO_Running: Yes
  Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  Replicate_Do_DB: test
  Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
  一切OK,接下来就是测试master和slave服务器是否会同步数据
  3、测试
  在master服务器上创建一张表
  CREATE TABLE tab1 (

  >  valVARCHAR(10),
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
  );
  查看slave服务器上是否有tab1表,结果是此表存在
  mysql> desc tab1;
  +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  | Field | Type      | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
  +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

  |>  | val   | varchar(10) | YES|   | NULL    |       |
  +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  问题:
MySQL同步时,出现的ERROR 1201 (HY000)错误解决方法
在MySQL主从复制的时候,在slave服务器上,登陆MySQL,  使用 stop slave;
  这时候系统提示:
  mysql> stop slave;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  但当执行start slave;的时候,就出现了如下错误:
  mysql> start slave;
  ERROR 1201 (HY000): Could not initialize master info structure; more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log
  mysql>
  解决办法:
  1.进入MySQL数据库默认的数据库存储目录:
  /usr/local/mysql/var
  这个目录根据实际情况而定,使用不同的安装方式,或是编译指定目录不同,这个目录也不一定相同,但只要找到数据库的存储目录就好。
  
  2.删除以下两个文件:
  master.info
  relay-log.info
  
  3.登陆数据库后,执行:
  start slave;
  返回如下信息:
  mysql> start slave;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql>
  这样就说明问题已经解决了。

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