爱死你了 发表于 2018-10-2 07:58:41

MySQL数据之间的复制

MySQL数据之间的复制  MySQL Replicating Data 流程如下图所示:
http://blog.51cto.com/stephenzhao/../attachment/201103/113941172.jpg
  一、MySQL主从复制
  1:
  配置主服务器master,编辑MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加如下内容
  
  log-bin=master-bin
  log-bin-index=master-bin.index
  server-id=10

  mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl@'192.168.0.%'>  mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  配置从服务器slave,编辑MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加如下内容
  
  relay-log=slave-relay-bin
  relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
  server-id=20
  mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO
  >MASTER_USER='repl',
  >MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
  >MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.68',
  >MASTER_PORT=3306;
  mysql>START SLAVE;
  查看从服务器状态:
  SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;一切正常
  2:如果从服务器不是一开始就主从的连接状态,而是从半道上开始进入连接状态,这个时候我们一定要记下主服务器日志的起始点,如:
  配置主服务器master
  
  log-bin=master-bin
  log-bin-index=master-bin.index
  server-id=10

  mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl@'192.168.0.%'>  mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  配置从服务器slave
  
  relay-log=slave-relay-bin
  relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
  server-id=20
  配置文件完成以后我们要做以下内容:
  (1)我们可以把主服务器上的数据先备份下来,
  mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
  mysql>SHOW MASTER STATUS;
  此处一定要记下主服务器上二进制文件的起始位置,如master-bin.000006    213
  (2)备份数据库:
  #mysqldump -uroot -p --events --triggers --routines >/tmp/db1.sql
  (3)备份完成一定要记得解表:
  mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;
  (4)我们要将主服务器备份出来的数据库导入到从服务器中:
  mysql>CREATE DATABASE db1;
  #mysql -uroot -p db1 CHANGE MASTER TO
  >MASTER_USER='repl',
  >MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
  >MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.68',
  >MASTER_PORT=3306;
  >MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000006',
  >MASTER_LOG_POS=213;
  mysql>START SLAVE;
  这时主从已经进入下常工作状态,并且数据可以保持一至了
  3:MySQLt的主从复制之间实现SSL
  服务器端配置
  
  log-bin=master-bin
  log-bin-index=master-bin.index
  server-id=10
  ssl(启动SSL)
  ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/certs/cacert.pem(跟据实际情况来定)
  ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/certs/master.crt
  ssl-key=/etc/mysql/certs/master.key
  datadir=/mydata(数据的存放目录)

  mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl@'slave.a.com'>  mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  从服务器slave配置
  
  relay-log=slave-relay-bin
  relay-log-index=slave-bin.index
  server-id=20
  ssl(启动SSL)
  (注:这里要配置好自己的DNS指向或hosts文件,这里需要名称解析)
  mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO
  >MASTER_USER='repl',
  >MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
  >MASTER_HOST='master.a.com',
  >MASTER_PORT=3306,
  >MASTER_SSL=1,
  >MASTER_SSL_CA='/etc/mysql/certs/cacert.pem',
  >MASTER_SSL_CERT='/etc/mysql/certs/slave.crt',
  >MASTER_SSL_KEY='/etc/mysql/certs/slave.key';
  mysql>START SLAVE;
  mysql>SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;(查看SLAVE状态)
  二、MySQL的主主复制
  两个master server之间的配置如下:
  
  log-bin=master-bin
  log-bin-index=master-bin-index
  auto-increment-increment=2
  auto-increment-offset=1
  server-id=10
  
  log-bin=master-bin
  log-bin-index=master-bin.index
  auto-increment-increment=2
  auto-increment-offset=2
  server-id=20
  启动数据库:
  1.我们需要备份当前的数据库,为了在对方数据库上的应用,以节省大量的时间
  mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
  mysql> show master status;
  +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
  | File            | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
  +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
  | master-bin.000001 |      106 |            |                  |
  +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  #mysqldump -uroot --triggers --events --routines db1 >/tmp/db1.sql
  mysql>UNLOCK TABLES;
  2.将备份好的数据库传送到对方的服务器上
  mysql>CREATE DATABASE db1
  #mysql -uroot db1 FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
  mysql> show master status;
  +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
  | File            | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
  +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
  | master-bin.000001 |      106 |            |                  |
  +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  同上:
  接下来要在两服务器上实现:
  mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
  -> MASTER_USER='db2',
  -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
  -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.10.7',
  -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',
  -> MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
  mysql> START SLAVE;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
  mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
  -> MASTER_USER='db1',
  -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
  -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.10.8',
  -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',
  -> MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
  mysql> START SLAVE;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
  mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
  此是数据之间的复制已经实现

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